There are usually three types of fouls by thugs:
The first one is that any contact of the defender with the parts below his upper arm (including wrists, hands and even fingers) can be regarded as a thug before the attacker shoots to the ground and returns to the state of no ball, but the slight contact that does not affect the shooting before the ball is shot can be ignored. If the intensity and nature of the violation affect the attacker’s shot, even the serious contact after the ball has been shot can be regarded as a defensive violation.
The second situation is the malicious attack behavior of the defender. No matter what happens at any time (including dribbling, shooting or passing the ball), it can be regarded as a foul by the thugs, or even a malicious foul.
The third situation is the foul of the thugs in blocking or stealing. Theoretically, there should be no physical contact when blocking or stealing, and if the contact behavior occurs after blocking or stealing, it can be ignored. If physical contact occurs at the same time as blocking or stealing, it can be regarded as a foul by the thugs. In practice, whether there is physical contact when blocking or stealing depends entirely on the eyes of the referee. Therefore, there is often a degree of not very obvious thug behavior that has not been punished, which leads to the offensive players complaining, while the defensive players are complacent.
The principle of basketball is that the hand that dribbles and holds the ball is not protected, and only the hand that shoots is truly inviolable. If your opponent touches your hand while dribbling or holding the ball, it will not be considered a foul. However, once you have a shot, that little violation is a foul. At this point, your whole arm, including the forearm, is strictly protected. Whether it is hitting, rubbing or clicking, it is a foul.
Of course, if you interfere with the opponent’s shooting from your own position, for example, if he presses on you and puts his hand on your head, as long as you put your hand up and don’t press it down, you won’t be fouled. When your bodies are close together, you can hold your hands straight, and you won’t be fouled if you touch his hands. However, if you move over, you may be fined to stop the foul even if there are no thugs. In addition, it should be noted that if you don’t take off and shoot, there is basically no chance to make free throws, because it is impossible to define when you start shooting. You can also fake the ball and be unprotected. Only when you take off and shoot, you will definitely get a free throw if you are fouled.