分类： hanzhen

□ Qiu Huanjiao

In the vast cultural galaxy, the blooming of every "iron flower" is a deep tribute to the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

"Tie Tie Hua", an intangible project originated from ancient skills, not only bears the sweat and wisdom of craftsmen, but also vividly embodies the industrious, tenacious and innovative spirit of the Chinese nation. Tie Tie Hua originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and lasted for thousands of years, which shows its unique charm and strong vitality. In the blending of iron and fire, craftsmen use their hands to turn hot molten iron into sparks flying all over the sky. At that moment, it seems that the whole world is lit up, and the brilliance and romance of Chinese excellent traditional culture are vividly displayed at this moment. According to official data, there are more than 100,000 non-legacy representative projects at all levels in China, which are dotted with the bright stars of Chinese excellent traditional culture like stars. At the moment when "Tiehua" bloomed, we not only witnessed the dance of light and shadow, but also saw the interweaving of history and feelings, and realized the profoundness and infinite possibilities of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

This cultural feast of iron flowers is not only right.Chinese ExcellenceThe tribute and inheritance of traditional culture is a powerful boost to our cultural self-confidence. In the rapidly changing modern society, we are often easily attracted by all kinds of novelty, while ignoring those cultural treasures that are hidden in the long river of history and shine with unique light. However, the appearance of "while the iron is hot" has made us re-examine and discover.Chinese ExcellenceThe value of traditional culture makes us more confident and proud of the excellent Chinese traditional culture when we are amazed and moved. No matter how the times change, those cultural genes rooted in the national blood are always our most precious wealth. At the same time, the wonderful display of "Tie Tie Hua" can not be separated from the support and joint efforts of all sectors of society: the protection and care of the government, the persistence and innovation of the inheritors, and the extensive publicity and promotion of the media … have jointly constructed a good ecology of non-genetic inheritance and development. This kind of participation and active promotion of the whole society not only enables the intangible heritage to be continued and carried forward, but also enables us to find our own cultural foundation and spiritual home in the inheritance and innovation of culture.

While appreciating the gorgeous beauty of "Tie Tie Hua", we can’t help thinking: How to better inherit and carry forward traditional culture in modern society? On the basis of maintaining the true colors of culture, how to integrate it with modern life and glow with new vitality? This requires each of us to actively participate in cultural inheritance and innovation, and protect and inherit our cultural treasures with practical actions. We should strengthen the protection and inheritance of intangible heritage, dig and sort out intangible heritage resources in depth, and promote the innovative development of intangible heritage. At the same time, actively promote and publicize the intangible heritage, so that more people can understand and understand the beauty of intangible heritage, thus stimulating the concern and love of the whole society for intangible heritage. Only in this way can we go further and more steadily on the road of inheriting and carrying forward Chinese excellent traditional culture, and make Chinese excellent traditional culture shine more brightly on the world cultural stage.

"China has a long history and a broad civilization, which is the foundation of our self-confidence and the source of our strength." In today’s globalization, cultural self-confidence is one of the most precious wealth of a country and a nation. Let’s work hand in hand to protect and inherit these precious intangible cultural heritages, so that the brilliance and romance of Chinese excellent traditional culture will always illuminate our way forward and let the world see a more real, three-dimensional and colorful China.

1905 movie network news　A few days ago, the biopic Maria, starring, exposed a set of studio photos. In the photo, Julie’s dress is retro and elegant. Many sets of shapes show the graceful amorous feelings of soprano Maria Callas.

　

It is a great challenge for Angelina Jolie to play Callas. Because Callas is not only beautiful in appearance, but also has a beautiful voice. Julie not only needs to imitate the appearance and movements of the characters, but also needs to receive professional bel canto training. The film was directed by, who once described it as "a story of ups and downs, beauty and tragedy, telling the life of the world’s most famous singer and recreating her last days in Paris in the 1970s." Julie said that she will take this responsibility about Callas’ life and legacy very seriously and "will try my best to meet the challenge". Laraine said that movies and opera are his hobbies, and it is his long-cherished wish to combine them.

　

Known as the greatest soprano in the 20th century, she combined coloratura singing with strong drama and pretty and flexible features. Caras is popular all over the world with his vibrant singing voice, which has greatly promoted the revival of Italian opera in the early 19th century and the development and innovation of opera performing arts.

Text | Shanghai Auto News

What is the concept of 2 nm process? The diameter of a hair filament is generally 50,000-60,000 nanometers. Calculated by 50,000 nanometers, 2 nanometers is equivalent to axially dividing the hair into 25,000 pieces.

According to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, the new company "Rapidus" was formally established after receiving subsidies from the Japanese government and capital contributions from eight companies including Toyota Group and Japan Telecom and Telephone Co., Ltd. The joint venture company hopes to have the ability to mass-produce 2 nm process chips between 2025 and 2030.

Japan has fallen behind its rivals for 10 years.

Nano is actually a unit of length. As we all know, Apple A16 bionic chip and Snapdragon 8 chip are all 4 nm process chips.

Chip is an integrated circuit, which integrates resistors, transistors and other components on a small board and connects these electronic components in series with connecting wires. With the development of technology, tens of billions of existing transistors can be integrated on this small board by using mask aligner. The higher the integration, the stronger the computing power of the chip and the stronger the performance.

The purpose of establishing Rapidus is to master the manufacturing technology of a new generation of logic semiconductors (semiconductors that undertake control, processing and arithmetic processing), establish mass production lines, and promote the commercialization of foundry business in Japan. For Rapidus, there are many difficulties to overcome in order to achieve these goals. At the press conference on the establishment of Rapidus held recently, the president of the new company, Koike Chunyi, said: "Japan lags behind its competitors for 10-20 years in the field of cutting-edge logic chips, and it is not easy to recover its disadvantages."

The scale of investment required for R&D and manufacturing of cutting-edge logic semiconductors has increased to trillions of yen. Not only expensive equipment and research and development, but also advanced technology and experience are needed in manufacturing process. Japanese companies failed to keep up with the investment competition in the 1910 s, and the domestic logic semiconductor factory in Japan still stayed at the level of about 40 nanometers.

In addition to the Japanese government’s support of 70 billion yen (about 3.56 billion yuan), Rapidus has received a total investment of 7.3 billion yen from eight domestic companies in Japan. The new company plans to start production in 2027, and has begun to take action to ensure equipment and talents.

According to Kyodo News, analysts are skeptical about whether the new company can succeed immediately in the fierce global competition. Compared with the aid of $52.7 billion (about 367.9 billion yuan) proposed by the Chip and Science Act of the United States, the Japanese government only allocated 70 billion yen in financial support. An Tian Hideki, a senior analyst at Toyo Securities, said that the 70 billion yen was "simply not enough" to make the new company competitive in the global market, and the chip industry needed about 1 trillion yen of investment every year. "It is difficult to force private companies to bear such costs, so the question is whether the Japanese government is prepared to do so."

At present, TSMC and samsung galaxy have mastered the mass production technology of "3 nm" products, and also put forward the plan of mass production of a new generation of 2 nm chip products in 2025. In the face of competition from foundry giants such as TSMC, Koike said that Rapidus "will not catch up with TSMC and Samsung in scale". TSMC and Samsung produce semiconductors for terminal products with large supply like smart phones, while Rapidus will explore different models from the two leading companies.

2 nm is a brand new track.

At present, in addition to TSMC and Samsung, Intel also has plans to return to the peak through the 2 nm process. At the same time, European and Japanese governments and enterprises also hope to revive chip manufacturing through the 2-nanometer process. Why do so many companies, even countries and regions, decide to bet on 2-nanometer chips?

First of all, compared with the current mainstream chips, 2-nanometer chips will greatly reduce power consumption and greatly improve performance. This means that the battery life and performance of electronic products such as mobile phones and computers will be greatly improved. For the automobile industry, the 2-nanometer chip can speed up the detection of objects in autonomous vehicles and shorten the calculation time of autonomous driving systems.

On the other hand, according to Forbes, the process architecture, materials and equipment involved in the 2-nanometer process semiconductor will be updated. Technological innovation means that the industrial structure may be reshuffled, which is also an important reason why many enterprises have invested in this new track. Forbes pointed out that the semiconductor process has gradually approached the physical limit, so the change of transistor architecture, the application of new materials, or packaging technology are all key factors in the development of 2 nm process chips. At present, although many countries and enterprises are working on 2-nanometer chips, 2-nanometer chips still face multiple bottlenecks in terms of architecture, materials and equipment.

At present, the focus of 2 nm process technology is that transistor architecture will enter GAAfet era from FinFET. The new architecture can effectively control the leakage problem of 2 nm chip, or it will become the mainstream architecture of 2 nm process. However, at present, only Samsung has made remarkable achievements in the GAAFET architecture process. In June this year, Samsung announced mass production of 3nm chips based on GAAFet.

Secondly, the selection and application of new materials will also play a crucial role in the research and development of 2 nm process. Specifically, two-dimensional or one-dimensional materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes and transition metal compounds are expected to replace silicon-based materials because of their small size. In addition, the process of manufacturing 2-nanometer chips needs the support of mask aligner and other equipment. At present, mask aligner, which meets the production demand of 2 nm process, still needs to break through the innovation of optical resolution, photoresist and other related technologies and equipment series.

At the same time, the challenge from manufacturing cost can not be ignored. Relevant data show that the R&D cost of 7nm process is at least $300 million, the average cost of 5nm process is $542 million, and the starting price of 3nm and 2nm processes is at least $1 billion.

　　【PConline horizontal evaluation】 In a blink of an eye, another year is coming to an end. In the past 2012, the model representing the strongest performance earned enough attention. Game book is a product between ultra-mobile portable and ultra-high performance PC. Although many people still think it is the best choice to play games, this does not hinder the prosperity of game book. Because the current game is powerful enough to control most of the "eat hardware" games.

I. New Features and Development Trends

　　In the past year, there have been several things on the mobile PC platform that have profoundly affected the product trend:

　　First, Intel has officially entered the 22nm era, and the new IVY bridge architecture has achieved certain improvement in performance. Although only about 10% is not enough to change the world, the more important point is that it will definitely reduce power consumption. Once the game-based processors were all around 55W, and now they are all low-power processors with 45W, even 35W and 17W.

　　Although the low-power processor is rarely used in game books, its appearance has triggered a series of notebook changes. In the past, heavy game books could be made thinner, and the games with huge heat in the past could be cooler, and the top-level configurations that were not used in the past could also be used. From this, the future of the game book will be faster and thinner.

　

　　Secondly, NVIDIA has also released a new generation of GPU architecture code-named Kepler in the 28nm process. The brand-new architecture and process have the same profound influence on the hardware trend of the game book. With the improvement of technology and architecture, the performance of graphics card has been improved by almost 50%, and the power consumption of graphics card is still decreasing. Such a rise and fall has made the GTX560M, which was still in the middle and high end last year, stand out and now it has been overtaken by the mid-range GT650M M. Therefore, this year’s game book started from GT650M (PS: Kepler’s lowest model GT640M le, and the numbers below this are all "vests" of the old structure)

　　　This year, there has also been a "austral islands" in 28nm process, but AMD seems to have encountered great difficulties in ultra-mobile graphics cards. It seems that the conflict between AMD’s desired APU platform and intel has intensified, so that the combination of AMD’s unique display and Intel processor has almost completely disappeared. Although there is no specific news, according to the two combined parts of the notebook in the past year, it can be guessed that there is more cooperation between intel and NVIDIA, and there seems to be some exclusive agreement. Some people speculate that AMD may refuse to combine with intel. In any case, the number of unique notebooks equipped with AMD is indeed decreasing, so that the 7000 series graphics cards rarely appear in the game books of mainstream brands. The high-end HD7970M is rare, and the entry-level HD7450M entry-level products are gradually disappearing. This year, AMD is doing its own APU Triy and preparing to develop its own ARM architecture products. As for the graphics card, it is somewhat weak in promotion.

　　Third, the gradual maturity of the game has broken through the biggest bottleneck of the game book. If you remember the mainstream configuration last year, you will definitely be familiar with Raid 0 disk array composed of dual mechanical hard disks. It seems that the hard disk can only improve its reading and writing. However, this year, we have seen more and more in the top game books. Although the capacity is not large enough and the price is not attractive enough, the combination of SSD and high-capacity mechanical hard disk can bring "flying speed". The improvement of using experience brought by an SSD is far stronger than replacing the i5 core with i7 core.

　　As for the memory of cabbage price and the battery that has been difficult to make progress for many years, don’t talk about it. Another thing to mention is the screen, although we have been expecting notebook manufacturers to upgrade or upgrade the material of the screen. However, you may have to continue to be disappointed in 2012. 1366×768 is still the mainstream, and 1080P screens will be more in the game book, but the coverage is not high enough. In addition, there are not enough IPS screens with wide angle and better color reproduction. This year, many monitor manufacturers have made IPS with large screen within 1000 yuan, so there should be no technical and cost problems with notebook monitors. We can only expect IPS high-resolution screen to become a new selling point in notebooks in the coming year.

Second, the introduction of selected models

　　This year, the shipments of the entire PC industry are declining, so there are still some old faces on the list of game-based candidates. Although these old faces still look domineering, they are still somewhat aesthetically tired after watching them for several years. There are also new faces this year, and the appearance can really make people shine. For example, Sony’s is a big-screen game book with a soft Japanese style.

　　Selected models include (in no particular order): G75V, Sony E17, M18x, Shenzhou, and Haier 7G Extreme Edition.

● ASUS G75V:

ASUS G75YI361VW-BL　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　Asus player country G75V notebook still continues the design of G series bevel cutting, and the body is neat and stylish. Its angular appearance and strong lines are inspired by F-117 fighters and Lamborghini Countach. It is not only a laptop, but also an amazing work of art, and it is also a product interpretation of fashionable life, representing the unruly taste of gamers.

● Sony VAIO E17:

Sony SVE17129CCW (white)　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　Sony SVE17 has no dead ends, and the front and back ends of the fuselage are arc transitions, and the folding fuselage is like a gift wrapped, which shows a soft beauty, which not only attracts female consumers, but also is very fashionable and beautiful for male consumers.

● Dell Alienware M18x：

Dell alienware m18x (alw8d-2848b)　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　Alienware M18x offers two color choices: nebula red and invisible black, which is enough to show users’ personal style. The price of these two colors is the same, so you can choose them at will. The one we got is the nebula red color. The bright red appearance is matched with the black interior, and the two colors of arrogance and introversion are combined without conflict. Anodized aluminum oxide as the shell material of notebook can make it have strong corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity. On top of this shell, there is a spray paint as fine as a matte, so it feels a little less original color and feel of metal, but it feels more warm and comfortable.

● Shenzhou K590s：

Shenzhou Jingdun K590S-i7 D1　　picture　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　The shell of Shenzhou K590S continues the appearance style of Jingdun series, and the corners and colors are exactly the same as those of the previous Jingdun series. Because of the strong high power consumption hardware, its mold is not from a previous product, but borrowed from the appearance style of a quasi-system product. Perhaps in order to reduce the cost, the top cover of Shenzhou K590S did not follow the previous metal shell, but chose composite materials. From this product, we can see that the product technology of Shenzhou is constantly improving, and the lines and excessive parts of the top cover are handled fairly delicately, which is slightly higher than other products of the same series.

● Lenovo Y500：

Lenovo Y500NT-ISE　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　The dark black aluminum alloy shell has horizontal wire drawing on its surface, which makes it feel very cold. Many people prefer the cold color of this black metal. Its A-side is not flat, showing a front hood line as a whole, and the Y-series has always been very close to the shape of the car, implying surging power.

● Haier 7G Extreme Edition:

Haier Jane Eyre 7G- Extreme Edition　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　

　　The shape of this Haier 7G Extreme Edition game book is very simple, the color of the whole machine is all black, and the A side of the top cover is all made of ABS engineering plastics. It doesn’t have a luminous product LOGO in the middle of the top cover like other similar game books, but from another angle, will it become cool instead? On the contrary, the design of another 7G Extreme Edition game book of Haier is similar to that of the same type.

Third, the screen, expansion ability and personalized features

1. Screen

　　In fact, there is not much to say about the screen. Most of the models participating in the election are TN screens, and the biggest difference among TN screen models is the resolution. Ben’s screen is supposed to be as high as possible, and it is best to reach that 2880×1800. But this is all our wishful thinking. Not to mention the Microsoft system’s lack of support for high resolution, the load on the graphics card caused by too high resolution is also multiplied.

2, expand the ability

Asus G75V

　　Because of its small size, its interfaces are far less. Generally, notebooks are a combination of 3×USB+HDMI+VGA, plus a set of audio holes. However, in a game with a huge fuselage, there is no shortage of interfaces. Dell M18x has the richest interfaces, after all, the body is also the largest.

● Featured functions：

● Shortcut keys specially designed for gamers

　　There are plenty of shortcut keys above the keyboard area of Haier’s 7G Extreme Edition game book, from left to right: 1.Cinema Pro cinema mode: dynamically adjust and optimize video playback. Provide high-definition quality and better experience for multimedia playback. 2.TDE accelerated overclocking function key: the conversion speed of creating, editing and sharing videos is faster. 3.Cooler Boost turbofan gear adjustment: it can instantly reduce the notebook core temperature by 8-10℃. 4.Win-Key Disable Win shortcut switch: You can lock the Win key to avoid accidentally quitting the game. 5. Wireless network is the key. 6. Bluetooth is the key. 7.ECO Engine special mode switch key: six power modes can be selected: projection mode, movie mode, office mode, Turbo battery mode, ECO off mode and game mode. Protect the battery, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged and the service life is prolonged. 8.Dynamic LED Dynamic LED control keys are more personalized and dazzling.

　　Almost every game except Dell has a variety of deceleration and adjustment keys, which also shows the in-depth research of large-scale game books for gamers, and strives to provide a better experience in terms of additional assistance.

● Backlit keyboard:

Sony SVE17

lenovo ideapad y500

Dell M18x

　　These six products have backlit keyboards except Shenzhou K590s, and the most dazzling one is Dell Alien M18x, its AlienFX™ The lighting system can provide many themes and as many as 512 trillion unique lighting combinations, which no machine can surpass at present.

●3D display technology:

NVIDIA 3D Vision 3D Display Solution

　　ASUS G75V adopts NVIDIA 3D Vision active 3D display technology. Unlike the common notebook products that use this scheme, ASUS G75V integrates the NVIDIA 3D stereoscopic illusion system into the fuselage. Previously, the 3D notebook computer needed to connect the 3D stereoscopic illusion system with an extra USB cable, while ASUS G74S saved the trouble of wiring and saved a USB interface for other devices. The convenience brought by this integrated solution is obvious.

Shutter 3D

　　The principle of shutter 3D is not complicated. When shooting, the pictures of the left and right eyes are recorded respectively. When playing, the shutter glasses are worn to control the opening and closing of the glasses, so that the human body can perceive the images of the left and right eyes respectively, thus synthesizing 3D vision in the brain. In the technical realization of shutter 3D, the refresh rate of LCD panel should reach 120Hz or higher. It is worth mentioning that because the liquid crystal lens in the glasses is opened and closed to control the intake of the left and right eye pictures, the working frequency is 60Hz, and it is generally transmitted by infrared rays, which is easily disturbed by the frequency of fluorescent lamps and stroboscopic.

●UltraBay expansion fittings

　　The most special feature of Lenovo Y500 is the function of UltraBay to expand accessories. Through UltraBay, not only the optical drive, hard disk and weight reduction module can be expanded, but also an extra independent graphics card and fan can be connected to meet the different needs of users. Lenovo Y500′ s UltraBay is located in the CD-ROM drive, which is a relatively mature and low-risk practice at present. It adopts a tool-free disassembly design. If you want to expand accessories, you need to remove the battery first, then open the locking device hidden in the battery internal test, slide down the switch in the center of the D shell and pull out the CD-ROM drive hardware at the same time. Because it may be necessary to expand the graphics card, the operation steps of replacing UltraBay are somewhat complicated, but in the face of uncertain factors affecting the stability of the system, this design is more reliable.

What is it?UltraBay？

　　UltraBay expansion slot not only has the feature of "hot plugging" (Lenovo Y400 does not support hot plugging because of the risk of expanding graphics cards), but also is one of the important ways for computers to expand peripherals. As far as UltraBay 2000 is concerned, it supports dozens of peripherals including CD-ROM drive, hard disk box, digital loader, battery and even weight loss module, which expands the application level of notebook computers.

　　Summary:The characteristics of the game book are rich expansion, powerful playability and extremely personalized functions, which is why the game book will adopt very flamboyant colors and dare to break through the traditional concepts of color, shape and function. Compared with last year’s game book, the game book in 2012 is more exquisite, and functions such as 3D function and UltraBay will be selected by more and more manufacturers in the future, and the game book will still assume the glorious role of trying out new features first.

Fourth, CPU and GPU running test comparison

● Processor+chipset

　　The six products sent for testing all use the third-generation processors, although the models are not the same, they all belong to the top high-end products, and there is not much difference in use. The latest intel HM76/77 is selected in chipset selection. The difference between 76 and 77 is the number of USB supported (there is no such problem in the world), disk array and SRT acceleration technology.

Q is quad (meaning "quadruple, quadruple"), representing quad-core and quad-core CPU；; M stands for mobility and is a mobile processor, that is, a processor for notebook computers. Core series are,,. I3 is the lowest, i7 is the highest.
Take the numbers 3610 as an example:
3. It is the third generation of Core I series, namely ivy bridge architecture processor.
6, representing the status of this CPU in the third generation, for example, it is also i7, i7 3720QM is higher than i7 3610QM, and there will be some differences in main frequency and commercial functions.
1, which means that in terms of specific performance, the main frequency will be improved with digital rising, the performance of i7 3630QM will be better than that of i7 3610QM, and the frequency of i7 3630QM will be 0.2GHz higher than that of i7 3610QM.
0, representing other characteristics of CPU, such as the power consumption of i7-3632QM is lower than that of i7-3630QM, and the integrated display frequency of i7-3615QM is higher than that of i7-3610QM.

　　Cinebench R10 is a common processor performance calculation software. Its test is divided into two parts. The first time, it will run a single core and single thread, and the second time, it will run all the cores and threads to render a high-definition picture. According to the test results, the intel -3615QM multi-core test score of 700z is 21373, which stands out among all machines. However, this machine itself is relatively large, and it is still somewhat reluctant to be counted as a thin book. It is indeed suspected of "bullying" in a pile of small books. Therefore, it is more appropriate for everyone to pay attention to the processors of other products, and the Intel -3360M with all small-size and light-weight computers is the most eye-catching. Even the high-end i7-3517u is still more than 1000 points lower.

●GPU graphics scores：

　　This year, NVIDIA is still strong, and five of the six machines are equipped with NVIDIA graphics cards. However, it has been very easy to "rename and upgrade" the vest for many years. Now it is necessary to find the real "Kepler" among the 600 series graphics cards.

● Test software：

　　Based on DX9 test environment, 3Dmark 06 is the most common 3D graphics test software on mobile platform. The test score of 3Dmark06 is the common score of processor, memory and graphics card. To some extent, its score can reflect the 3D performance level of the whole machine, but it cannot accurately display the ability of graphics card. The reason why 3Dmark 06 has not been completely eliminated is that there are still fusion/core graphics cards that can’t run a higher version of the test program well, especially there are many products with low 3D performance on the platform. In order to achieve cross-platform comparison and vertical comparison with the products of the past few years, they have always insisted on using them.

Lenovo Y500 test results

　　In addition, we also choose 3DMark Vantage, which is based on Microsoft DX10 API and can give full play to the advantages of multi-channel graphics cards and multi-core processors. The resolutions are all set to 1366×768 (the highest resolution of some models).　

　　From the comparative results, the GTX675M SLI of Dell M18x still dominates, while the AMD HD7650M equipped with Sony SVE17 is not very satisfactory, and it does not perform well in both tests. This may also be the reason why most notebook products have abandoned AMD’s unique display this year. After all, 7650 is also positioned as a mid-range product, but its performance is only about the level of GT630M.

　

Five, the whole machine performance test comparison

PCmark7/Vantage

　　PCMark Vantage can measure the comprehensive performance of various types of PCs. From multimedia home entertainment system to professional to high-end platform, whether in the hands of professionals or ordinary users, you can get a thorough understanding in PCMark Vantage, so as to maximize performance. The test content can be divided into the following three parts:

1. Processor testing: based on data encryption, decryption, compression, decompression, graphics processing, audio and video transcoding, text editing, webpage rendering, mail function, processor artificial intelligence game testing, contact creation and search.

2. Graphics test: based on high-definition video playback, graphics processing of graphics cards and game test.

3. Hard disk testing: using Windows Defender, Alan Wake game, image import, Windows Vista startup, video editing, media center use, Windows Media Player search and classification, and starting the following programs: Office Word 2007, Adobe Phothop CS2, Internet Explorer, Outlook 2007.

　　As a well-known comprehensive hardware testing tool software, PCMark 7 can quickly and comprehensively test the performance of the whole machine. Like the old version of the software, PCMark 7 is also a test suite for comprehensive performance analysis of the latest PC system. PCMark 7 consists of seven different test sessions, including a total of 25 independent workloads, covering all aspects of daily PC applications such as storage, calculation, image and video processing, web browsing and games.

　

●SYSmark2007

　　SYSMark series software obtains the performance data of the computer by using real and appropriate application software and simulating the operation of real users on the computer. BAPCo hardware effectiveness evaluation tools represented by SYSMark series have been widely recognized by IT professional managers, editors, journalists, PC OEM manufacturers, analysts and other professionals all over the world.

　　SYSMark2007 Preview hardware performance evaluation tool includes four test scenarios: E-Learning, Office Productivity, Video Creation and 3D Modeling.

Six,Measured comparison

On the Significance of Game Frame Number (FPS)

　　The number of frames is the amount of pictures transmitted in one second, and it can also be understood that the graphics processor can refresh several times per second. When the object moves away, the impression of the optic nerve on the object will not disappear immediately, but will last for about 1/24 second. This property of the human eye is called "visual persistence of the eye". Theoretically speaking, no matter how high your game frame rate is, 60 or 120 frames, we can only distinguish about 24 of them in the end. However, if the actual game screen is only 24 frames, the visual experience will not be very smooth.

　　The number of game frames is the standard to reflect whether the game runs smoothly. In most cases, it can be classified as follows: 1. Slide level: below 20 frames; 2, the playability is very low: the number of frames is 20-30; 3, acceptable: 30-50 frames; 4. Smooth operation: the number of frames is 50-60; 5. Perfect operation: the number of frames is greater than or equal to 60. That is to say, under normal circumstances, the number of frames is greater than 60, which is of little significance. At this time, you can increase the quality of the game to get better visual effects.

　　　The game stage of "Lost Planet 2" is EDN-3rd, which has undergone a warming change more than ten years after the previous story happened. There will be new scenes such as jungle, and the protagonist is not one person like the previous story, but the story is unfolded from different perspectives of "Snow Thieves". Like the previous work, Lost Planet 2 is developed with the latest version of the original engine MT Framework of CAPCOM, and the performance of the game world will be more detailed and beautiful. It’s not just the evolution on the screen. This game will add a lot of new elements on the basis of the requirements of the previous players. Needless to say, new scenes, new characters, new weapons, etc., and the actions of the characters are more colorful than the previous game.

●《》

　
First person shooter game　

　　Battlefield 3 (English name: Battlefield 3, also known as BF3, Taiwan Province translation: Battlefield storm riders) is a first-person shooter game developed and produced by EA (American Electronic Arts). The game was officially released on October 25th, 2011 on Microft Windows, PS3, Xbox 360 and other platforms, and will be logged on Android and WII platforms in the future. Battlefield 3 is the orthodox sequel to Battlefield 2 and the eleventh work of EA Battlefield series.

●《NBA 2K13》

　　The game NBA 2K13 adopts an improved physical engine, and the mechanical simulation of passing and shooting has also been improved. The game cooperates with the American Basketball Association to include the star-studded 2012 American men’s national basketball team and the 1992 "Dream Team". In the test environment, the maximum resolution is 1366×768, all light and shadow special effects and background audience rendering are fully open, and 8 times anti-aliasing is fully open.

●《》

　　"Need for Speed 17: Most Wanted" is a reset classic work of the 9th generation, created by Criterion Games, the production group of "Hot Storm", and will reshape the classic glory with high quality and high freedom. In terms of engine, this work adopts the enhanced version of "Chameleon" engine of Need for Speed 14, which brings better light and shadow effects. The test environment is the default advanced special effects.

　　Through the above four classic games, we have a more detailed test result for six game notebooks. From the bar chart above, Dell M18x ranks first, and all the data are far ahead of other products, thanks to the configuration combination of dual GTX 675M graphics cards, while Sony E17 adopts AMD Radeon HD 7650M discrete graphics card, which is not enough to compete with other products, so it is slightly inferior in game performance.

Seven,, endurance comparison

　　It should be noted that if the surface temperature of a machine is below 35℃, the operation feels very comfortable, and the range between 35℃ and 38℃ is acceptable. After all, such a temperature is similar to the human body temperature. If the surface temperature exceeds 38℃, then the human body will feel uncomfortable when it comes into contact with the machine.

　　Strong performance and heat dissipation are often difficult to have both. The more powerful the performance, the more amazing its calorific value is, so it requires a lot of effort in the design of internal air ducts. So what is their heat dissipation effect?

Schematic diagram

　　We use Furmark copying software to test all products. Furmark will fully operate the CPU and graphics card, the two major heating parts of the whole machine. After 30 minutes of operation, the temperature will reach a limit height. In order to let everyone see the heat dissipation of each machine more intuitively, we also use FLUKE infrared thermal imager to observe the temperature rise at each position. (Temperature range is 20 C-50 C: below the lower temperature limit, black will be displayed; Exceeding the upper temperature limit will display white). (The following pictures can be clicked to view the original picture.)

　　Through FLUKE infrared thermal imager, we can observe the temperature rise of each position separately. Judging from the heat dissipation result chart above, the heat dissipation of Haier’s 7G Extreme Edition game book is the best. Although the local temperature above the keyboard area reaches about 45 degrees Celsius, the temperature of his keyboard area is only about 25 degrees Celsius, which has no effect on players at all. Relatively speaking, the temperature control of ASUS G75V game book is also very good. In the case of extreme copying machine, the maximum temperature of keyboard area is controlled at about 35 degrees Celsius, and users will not feel obvious burning sensation when using it, which is very rare for the game itself.

　　The remaining four products have more or less high-temperature areas in terms of heat dissipation, which are exposed in the case of extreme copying machine. If it is unlikely that this problem will occur in the heat dissipation of general notebooks, it should be a common problem for the game itself, so how to control the temperature of the whole machine of the game book is still a very necessary topic.

●MobileMark 2007

　　Endurance is also an important test parameter. Next, we will compare and analyze the endurance of these six game books.

　　In order to ensure the uniformity of the test, we installed Windows 7 64-bit flagship operating system on all the 12 participating machines, installed the necessary chipset, graphics card, network card and wireless network card driver, used a unified test script, and used the software Mobilemark 2007 as the test standard, thus avoiding unnecessary interference from external factors.

　　Mobilemark 2007 integrates many commonly used softwares, such as Adobe Reader, Adobe Photoshop CS2, Microsoft office and so on. It tests the endurance of the whole machine by simulating the real use environment of users, so the results obtained are of great reference value.

Unified test environment

　　For the purchase of notebooks, battery life is indeed an important factor that cannot be ignored, but according to Xiaobian’s observation, few gamers will care about the battery life of gaming notebooks, but it would be a wonderful thing if they can take into account the ultra-high gameplay while ensuring a good battery life level. Through the test, we can see the final result given by MobileMark 2007. Shenzhou K590s won the first place with a battery life of 280 minutes, which is quite amazing for the game notebook. Secondly, Haier 7G Supreme and Lenovo Y500 also scored 243 minutes and 250 minutes respectively, which is a relatively good result.

　　However, Dell M18x, Sony E17 and ASUS G75V did not perform so well, and their battery life was only about 2 hours. The domineering appearance and powerful configuration of Dell M18x made it only have a battery life of 112 minutes, but its ability was beyond doubt.

VIII. PConline Summary and Prospect

　　In 2012, the game book was still on the road of piling up hardware, and it still reached a considerable height in terms of running points alone. Taking the graphics card as an example, today’s GTX660M scores about 12,000 in 3Dmark Vantgae. Compared with the GTX660 score of 15,000 on the desktop, its 3D performance gap is not too exaggerated. The overall performance is about 80% of the desktop graphics card. At the moment when the performance of the whole machine is excessive, instead of paying attention to the improvement of performance, it is better to consider how to solve the heat dissipation and battery life, which is the new feature of this year’s game notebook — — low power consumption

　　Both the latest three generations of Core processors and the new generation of graphics cards have begun to pursue the goal of low power consumption. The new generation of low-power graphics cards with 28nm and the new generation of processors with 22nm are all emphasizing more advanced processes and lower heat generation.

　　This is why Y470, which was complained by many netizens, gradually solved the problem of fever after upgrading. We also expect to see the game book made thinner and less calorific value in the future, of course, all this is based on the undiminished performance.

Outlook for 2013:

　　Next year, intel will release a new generation of HASWELL platform. According to the "pendulum law" of intel’s processor upgrade, next year’s products will be upgraded with a new architecture, which means that they will remain in the 22nm process, and then the performance of the processor, especially the performance of the core graphics card, will be improved through the new product architecture. Of course, the core graphics card is of little significance to the game notebook.

　

　　As for the graphics card, it is still a little confusing. The competition between NVIDIA and AMD is one-sided. AMD is not without products, but it still doesn’t have much to do on the notebook platform. In 2013, AMD will continue to be its own APU or ARM processor, and may not have much energy to develop mobile platform graphics cards, but we still don’t want AMD to be depressed. No competition is not a good thing for consumers, just as an i5 processor can sell for 1500 yuan now, which is largely due to AMD’s top processor.

　　In the next year, SSD solid-state hard disk will usher in a big explosion. One of the biggest shortcomings of PC hardware development so far is disk performance. SSD began to be fully popularized in 2012. Although the initial capacity is only 32GB, 32GB is enough to install Windows system, which is enough to improve the boot speed. For consumers, the feeling of the speed of the whole machine has been greatly improved.

　　In 2013, the combination of SSD and HDD of Ultrabook will be adopted by more and more notebooks. For example, Shenzhou K590s, which closed at the end of this year, has been configured in this way. This year, the price of SSD is still falling, and the capacity is still increasing. In the next year, 64GB or even 128GB products will become the mainstream, and the combination of 128GB and 1TB will also be popularized.

　　Finally, let’s talk about the memory of Chinese cabbage. DDR3 1600 will be fully distributed at the end of this year, and the main frequency will be upgraded across the board or directly to DDR4 next year. However, there is no news about DDR4 this year, and I don’t know if there will be such an upgrade in 2013.

It feels better to be thinner.

　　In 2012, the game book has reached a bottleneck. In 2013, hardware performance is not the bottleneck of the game book. Improving the game experience is the future goal. At this point, we can only hope that the gaming notebook in the next year will be more refined, thinner and cooler, and the game will feel more exciting.　

Price is a barometer of economic performance. Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has developed at a high speed, accompanied by severe price fluctuations. By combing and analyzing the past price fluctuations, we can get some enlightenment that is beneficial to the current price work.

Division of price fluctuation cycle in China since reform and opening up

Using the "Valley-Valley" method, the fluctuation of prices (in this paper, consumer price index CPI) since China’s reform and opening up is divided into cycles, and there are five representative price cycles.

The first time was from 1978 to 1983. In this cycle, the peak price appeared in 1980, which was 7.5%, and the gap between peak and valley in the price cycle was 5.5%. The actual situation is: on the one hand, there are obvious situations such as overheated investment and increased consumption expenditure in China, and the increase in fiscal expenditure leads to a serious fiscal deficit; On the other hand, the state has adjusted the unreasonable price system, which has pushed up prices to some extent.

The second time was from 1984 to 1986. At this time, China’s price reform has entered the second stage. The full liberalization of prices has effectively activated the market, and also made the hidden supply shortage and suppressed demand further open. In addition, the overheated economy and uncoordinated economic development have led to an overall increase in prices. In 1985, the price increase reached 9.3%, and the peak-valley gap in the price cycle was 2.8%.

The third time was from 1987 to 1990. The country has implemented loose monetary and fiscal policies, and the macro-economy has recovered. However, the deep-seated problems accumulated in economic operation for many years have become increasingly prominent. In addition, in 1988, the price rose by 18.8%, and in 1990 it dropped sharply to 3.1%, and the peak-valley gap in the price cycle was as high as 15.7%.

The fourth time was from 1991 to 1999. This is the longest and largest price cycle since the reform and opening up, and the peak-valley gap is as high as 25.5%. Among them, from 1992 to 1994, the growth rate of the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society reached 44.4%, 61.8% and 30.4% respectively, and there was a nationwide real estate fever, which led to the price increase of 24.1% in 1994, which was the highest year since the founding of New China.

The fifth time was from 2007 to 2009. During this period, the price gap between peak and valley was 6.6%, and the main reasons for price fluctuation were the price increase of agricultural and sideline products such as pork and the price fluctuation of international commodities.

The main factors leading to price fluctuation

The price fluctuation since the reform and opening up is the result of many factors at home and abroad. First, the impact of external shocks on price fluctuations. In the past 10 years, the international economic situation has been turbulent, the drastic fluctuation of commodity prices and the weakening of external demand have formed an impact on China’s economy, and domestic prices have fluctuated due to the impact of the international economy. Second, from the perspective of China’s classified price index, food prices have significantly led the CPI, and the structural increase is obvious. Third, the factors of asset price fluctuation are mixed. In the process of establishing and perfecting China’s socialist market economic system, both real estate prices and stock prices have experienced abnormal and violent fluctuations, which inevitably lead to price fluctuations. In addition, some policy factors also play an important role in the price cycle fluctuation.

Thoughts and suggestions on stabilizing prices

At present, China’s prices are relatively stable, but there are still some uncertainties and risks, so we need to attach great importance to and do a good job in price work to keep the overall price level basically stable. First, optimize the monetary policy system and maintain a stable market environment. While regulating the money supply, the central bank should pay attention to the transformation of the intermediate goal of monetary policy to the marketization of interest rates; Fine-tune the interest rate through open market business to maintain the stability of the money market environment. The second is to increase the strategic reserve scale of energy, minerals and other commodities, and ease the resource bottleneck in China. Further improve the commodity futures and spot markets, establish an international pricing center in China, and gradually acquire the pricing power of international commodities. Third, vigorously develop modern agriculture, improve the reserve mechanism of grain and agricultural and sideline products, and improve the supply capacity of grain and food. Promote the construction of agricultural and sideline products circulation system, reduce the circulation cost of agricultural and sideline products, and improve the circulation efficiency of agricultural and sideline products. The fourth is to promote the all-round development of capital market tools such as stocks, bonds, futures and financial derivatives, expand the breadth and depth of the capital market and diversify investment risks. Formulate a reasonable real estate pricing mechanism to promote the sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.

(Author: School of Economics and Trade, Hunan University)

　　Cctv newsOn September 7, 2023, two recommended national standards, GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connecting Devices for Conductive Charging of Electric Vehicles Part 1: General Requirements and GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connecting Devices for Conductive Charging of Electric Vehicles Part 3: DC Charging Interface, were officially released.

　　Charging standard is the basis to ensure the interconnection between electric vehicles and charging facilities and the safe and reliable charging. In recent years, with the increase of driving range of electric vehicles and the increase of charging rate of power batteries, consumers’ demand for rapid replenishment of electric energy for vehicles has become increasingly strong. New technologies, new formats and new demands, such as "high-power DC charging", are constantly emerging, and it has become a general consensus in the industry to speed up the revision and improvement of the relevant standards of the original charging interface. According to the development of electric vehicle charging technology and the demand for quick charging, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology organized the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee to complete the revision of two recommended national standards, and realized the brand-new upgrade of the original 2015 national standard scheme (commonly known as "2015+" standard). The new standard follows the current technical scheme of DC charging interface in China, ensures the universal compatibility of new and old charging interfaces, increases the maximum charging current from 250 amps to 800 amps and charging power to 800 kW, increases relevant technical requirements such as active cooling and temperature monitoring, and optimizes and perfects test methods such as mechanical performance, locking device and service life, which is conducive to further improving the environmental adaptability, safety and reliability of conductive charging connection devices, and at the same time meets the requirements of low-power and high-power DC charging.

　　In the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will organize relevant units to do a good job in the promotion and implementation of the two national standards, promote the popularization and application of technologies such as high-power DC charging, and create a good environment for the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry and the charging facility industry.

background for news stories

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A few days ago, WeChat official account, a WeChat of an entertainment news, posted a message that Fan Bingbing and Jerry Lee "bought nearly 10 million luxury houses in Qingdao", and the article also attached pictures of the property rights information of their houses. In the picture, the information such as house property right number and property right value is clearly visible; In the column of "Name of obligee", the names of "Fan Bingbing" and "Jerry Lee" are impressively listed, as well as the mosaic ID number.

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In order not to further infringe on the rights of relevant people, Xiaobian has blurred the real estate information in the picture. The white part in the picture is the mosaic mask of the original picture.

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In this regard, some netizens questioned that the relevant staff of Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Land Resources and Housing Management were suspected of taking advantage of their positions to infringe upon and disclose citizens’ personal privacy information, and filed a complaint in official website.

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Yesterday afternoon, the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources and the Housing Authority responded through the official Weibo.

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Comment and interpretation

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> > > > Interpretation: Is the mosaic of the picture a disclosure of privacy?

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In view of the identity of Fan Bingbing and Jerry Lee as public figures, this incident has attracted the attention of many netizens. Some netizens questioned: Aren’t all the pictures of their real estate information mosaiced? Why is it an invasion of privacy?

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Citizens’ real estate registration information belongs to citizens’ personal information and should be protected by law. According to the Provisional Regulations on Real Estate Registration, real estate registration agencies, real estate registration information sharing units and their staff should keep the real estate registration information confidential. Real estate registration information involving state secrets shall take necessary security measures according to law.

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Obviously, the page of the real estate information registration system displayed in the leaked information picture can only be seen by internal staff.

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The entertainment news company involved will release the picture again, thenBoth the relevant staff and this public number are involved in infringement of privacy, which is a civil infringement.

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The key to judging whether it is an invasion of privacy is to see whether the information released by the publisher has obvious direction.Although the address information and ID number are partially mosaiced in the picture released by this entertainment news company, the names and birth dates of Fan Bingbing and Jerry Lee are very obvious, and the direction is very clear, so even if they are mosaiced, they are still an infringement of privacy.

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Compared with ordinary citizens, the privacy right of stars will make appropriate concessions to meet the public’s concern for stars, but this transfer is not bottomless.

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In addition, if the relationship between the staff of the real estate registration center and the official number is buying and selling, it may be suspected of the crime of illegally selling citizens’ personal information and the crime of illegally obtaining citizens’ personal information, but the prerequisite for a crime is that the circumstances are serious.

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> > > > Comment: Is the dismissal of the staff over?

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Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources and Housing Authority finally took "dismissing the staff member" as the result of handling this matter. Is this matter really solved?

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Although the relevant units apologize deeply, and will take this as a lesson, draw inferences from others, strengthen education, further improve the work system, and put an end to such problems, the handling result of this incident is hardly satisfactory. You can’t just give up your privacy.

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It is really difficult for a star to have privacy, whether it is traveling, shopping, dining, entertainment, etc., it may be exposed. However, it is another matter that the pictures of the property right information of the purchased real estate are posted on the Internet, because it involves the illegal operation or even malicious operation of the relevant staff, which is not a simple violation of work discipline, but an infringement on the privacy rights that others should be protected by law.Simply dismissing the staff involved, if the parties do not pursue it, the media will no longer pay attention to it and ask questions. It is indeed possible that things will pass, but this is not a serious way to deal with it.

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Similar to this incident, the minor family members of jane doe police in Rugao City, Jiangsu Province entered the public security network to inquire about the privacy of two artists, Yifeng Li and Yang Yang, and leaked the private information including their ID numbers, previous names, household registration places and so on.Rugao Public Security Bureau handled it this way: quickly set up an investigation team to investigate,After finding out the facts, the policewoman involved was given an administrative demerit, and the person in charge of the squadron was also given an administrative warning.

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It is not difficult to see that in terms of accountability, the relevant units in Rugao and Qingdao are very different.Rugao City Public Security Bureau did not directly give the results because of public opinion doubts, but after a standardized investigation.There are meticulous processes, such as setting up an investigation team to investigate, which makes people still have confidence in their management system.

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The Qingdao Housing Authority directly gave a result of "dismissing staff".It is inevitable to give people the suspicion that the system is not standardized, the investigation is not emphasized, and the results are simply processed to calm public opinion.

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In view of this, their official Weibo said, "Take this as a mirror, draw inferences from others, strengthen education, further improve the work system, and put an end to such problems", etc., which makes people feel more like rhetoric and empty talk, and it is difficult to see the sincerity of apology and the seriousness of handling it.Because from the processing results, we can’t see who should be responsible for the management and system omissions of the unit.

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(This article Source: CCTV News WeChat WeChat official account; Source: Xinhua News Agency Editor’s Email: shguancha@sina.com)

　　Mohe City, Heilongjiang Province, relying on abundant ice and snow resources, stimulates the consumption potential of ice and snow tours by issuing coupons and other forms, attracting many tourists to "punch in". The picture shows tourists playing in a snow park in Mohe City.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Jianfei photo

　　When it comes to consumption, many people will first think of the scene of residents shopping out of their own pockets. Besides, are there other forms of consumption? Public consumption is the answer.

　　As one of the two major components of the final consumption of the whole society, public consumption has been frequently mentioned since 2020. From the central government to the local government, a series of targeted policies and measures have been intensively introduced and implemented. The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" proposal clearly puts forward that public consumption should be appropriately increased. How to understand public consumption? What can the increase bring? How to grasp "appropriate"?

　　The scale of public consumption expenditure is increasing year by year.

　　"It’s almost the end of the year, and there are still a few coupons in the mobile phone that have not been spent, just to buy new year’s goods." Recently, Cui Hao, who lives in Beijing, emptied his online shopping cart.

　　From online to offline, from large supermarkets to roadside shops, from catering to cultural travel … … Since last year, many governments across the country have funded the issuance of consumer vouchers to local residents. After receiving consumer vouchers, residents can enjoy a certain amount of deduction during the specified period and when the merchants consume. For example, in the second half of last year, Beijing distributed a total of 39 million coupons for food and beverage shopping, smart products and food and beverage takeout; Zhejiang issued 500 million yuan worth of tourist coupons, and selected more than 500 high-quality scenic spots and more than 700 high-quality hotel products; Jilin issued 10.5 million yuan of sports coupons, covering sports education and training, mass ice and snow entertainment and other products and projects.

　　"It can be reduced from a few yuan to thirty or forty yuan at a time. As long as the consumption meets a certain amount, I will remind consumers to use the coupons when checking out." As one of the participating merchants in Beijing’s coupon issuance activities, Ms. Li, a staff member of Xingdaxuan Supermarket in Haidian District, Beijing, said.

　　Yi Shaohua, director of the Market Circulation and Consumption Research Office of national academy of economic strategy, said that the COVID-19 epidemic had a great impact on residents’ consumption. In order to boost consumer demand, the state proposed to appropriately increase public consumption. Consumer vouchers introduced in many places are just a form of public consumption, which drives enterprises to participate and residents to consume through government investment.

　　In addition to issuing coupons, what are the public consumption?

　　Experts explained that public consumption and residents’ consumption together constitute the final consumption. Compared with residents’ consumption, a major feature of public consumption is that the government or non-profit organizations serving residents contribute to the purchase of public products or services.

　　In recent years, the scale of public consumption expenditure in China has increased year by year, and now it accounts for about 30% of the final consumption expenditure. From the scope, public consumption involves environmental protection, education, medical care, pension, child care, sports and other fields.

　　"In March 2020, we launched ‘ A mother’s love-free home ’ Special projects, pay attention to the needs of enterprise employees, especially female employees of childbearing age, and solve the problem of infant care ‘ It is difficult and expensive to start a nursery ’ The problem is to introduce professional nursery enterprises and build a nursery service system with government guidance and multi-participation, covering nearly 10,000 employees. " The relevant person in charge of the Jinan area of Shandong Pilot Free Trade Zone introduced that at present, five government-funded nursery service places have been established in Jinan area and the whole city.

　　As a resident enterprise, Zheng Shaowen, chairman of Huimei Hezheng Education Group, said: "In order to reduce costs, most of the nursery institutions in Jinan are located in the community, and one teacher takes two or three infants and pays attention to the three-in-one education, conservation and nursing. Under the inclusive policy, the relevant expenses of childcare services have fully considered the local wage level and have generally decreased. "

　　Stimulate household consumption and economic growth

　　What is the effect of increasing public consumption?

　　According to data released by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce recently, Beijing started the consumption season on June 6, 2020, and issued consumer vouchers through financial subsidies, achieving sales of 13.52 billion yuan, stimulating consumption by about 15 times. At the same time, BAIC Group, Suning and other enterprises will be driven to independently issue full reduction coupons and discount coupons totaling about 10 billion yuan.

　　"I am one of the participating merchants, and issuing coupons is good for both enterprises and consumers. The public’s enthusiasm for consumption is high, and our business is better. Now the daily passenger flow in the store is one-third more than that in the first half of 2020. " Wang Mingsheng, who runs a restaurant in Beijing, said.

　　From September 11th, 2020 to December 22nd, 2020, not only Beijing, but also Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, issued government coupons for six times, using a total of 380 million yuan of government subsidy funds, achieving sales of 6.74 billion yuan, boosting consumption by over 17 times. Three days before Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province issued consumer vouchers, 30 million yuan of subsidy funds boosted 450 million yuan of consumption.

　　"Appropriately increasing public consumption can reduce the economic burden of consumers and enhance the consumption power of residents, which is manifested in expanding purchasing power and improving consumption quality." Yi Shaohua said that if public consumption investment is insufficient, public services such as health and old-age care are relatively weak, and residents have worries, their willingness to consume will be reduced, and the basic role of consumption will be inhibited. In this sense, as an important part of final consumption, the increase of public consumption can not only directly promote consumption growth, but also be an important engine and reliable guarantee for stimulating residents’ consumption growth. According to estimates by relevant institutions and scholars, public consumption will increase by 1 percentage point, which is expected to directly and indirectly boost economic growth by more than 0.2 percentage point.

　　In addition to stimulating consumption and promoting economic growth, increasing public consumption also plays an important role in promoting social development and improving people’s livelihood. Liang Ma, a researcher at the National Institute of Development and Strategy of Renmin University of China, believes that by increasing public spending on education, medical care and sports facilities, we can not only strengthen the ability to prevent and respond to infectious diseases, but also improve the quality and efficiency of public service supply.

　　Zheng Shaowen said that due to the relatively low cost and good service, nursery institutions are now recognized by more and more parents in Jinan City, Shandong Province. "Nursery provides a place for young parents to care for and cultivate their children, provides a certain guarantee for female employees to take up their posts, and also solves the problem of family conflicts between generations and improves family harmony."

　　Do what you can to improve the efficiency of expenditure

　　In the future, how will public consumption exert its strength? Experts pointed out that the key point is the "appropriate increase" proposed in the 14 th Five-Year Plan. These four words can be viewed in two aspects.

　　The first is "increase". Long Shaobo, a researcher at China Institute of Economic Thought and Practice in Tsinghua University, and other scholars believe that it is both realistic and necessary to increase public consumption. On the one hand, increasing public consumption can significantly promote consumption growth and economic and social development; On the other hand, China’s public consumption rate (the proportion of public consumption in GDP) has the potential to improve. In 2018, the global average public consumption rate was 16.9%, the euro zone public consumption rate was 20.6%, and the OECD countries’ average public consumption rate was 17.7%. In comparison, China’s public consumption rate was lower than the global average and even lower than that of major economic regions.

　　The second is "appropriate". Yi Shaohua pointed out that the source of funds for public consumption is fiscal revenue. However, due to the epidemic, finance is under certain pressure from the central government to the local government. Therefore, public consumption expenditure should take into account the financial affordability and sustainability and do what it can. In addition, as part of final consumption, public consumption and household consumption have a reverse crowding-out relationship in specific areas. Excessive public consumption may affect the growth of household consumption, which is obviously not conducive to stimulating overall consumption.

　　"Appropriately increase public consumption, focusing on precise policies, avoiding flooding and improving expenditure efficiency." Yi Shaohua said that at present, the government needs to identify the areas of expanding expenditure, accurately connect the bottlenecks and shortcomings in the consumption field, give play to the basic role of public consumption, provide residents with more high-quality public products and services, solve the contradiction between supply and demand, meet the needs of the masses, and fully release the consumption vitality of residents. Specifically, we should continue to increase public consumption that is shared by society and brings benefits to the public, such as medical care, education, social security, housing, employment, old-age care, child care, etc., and focus on the basic needs that some people cannot meet through private consumption due to lack of financial resources.

　　Family pension is expected to receive more financial support. "Next, we will focus on promoting ‘ A mother’s love-free home ’ Special projects will strive to achieve full coverage of inclusive care institutions in Jinan area to meet the needs of enterprises, employees and people’s livelihood. " The relevant person in charge of the Jinan area of Shandong Pilot Free Trade Zone said.

　　Focusing on new consumer demand, the scope of public consumption is expected to expand. The China Consumers Association said that the smart express box service has the property of community public service, and the field and scope of public service should be appropriately extended or expanded, and the original delivery box in the community should be intelligently upgraded and included in the category of public consumption.

　　"To appropriately increase public consumption, it is necessary to improve infrastructure construction, at the same time raise the level of rural consumption and promote the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas." Yi Shaohua said that it is also necessary to increase public consumption investment in technological innovation and application, pay attention to product technological innovation and upgrading in traditional consumption areas, enhance independent research and development capabilities, and meet the needs of residents’ consumption upgrading.

　　On September 13th, Alibaba Cloud announced that the model of Tongyi Thousand Questions had been put on record for the first time and was officially opened to the public.

　　In the past nearly half a month, the domestic big models of Baidu, Tencent and other big manufacturers have been officially launched, and the "Hundred Models War" moment of the domestic AI big model will come!

　　Domestic large models are intensively launched, and the "Hundred Models War" is coming?

　　According to 21 Data News Lab, on August 31st alone, large model products of eight enterprises or institutions, including Baidu, ByteDance, Shangtang Technology and Baichuan Intelligent, passed the Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services, and became the first batch of "officially launched". Among them, except for ABAB, Scholar General, Zidong Taisan, all other domestic large models have consumer products that are open to the public free of charge.

　　Since September, the big models of (), Tencent and Alibaba have also been opened one after another.

　　Previously, with the AI model represented by ChatGPT spreading all over the world, a number of domestic models have been released, but they are only in a small-scale testing session and are not fully open to the public. It is reported that at least 130 companies in China have studied large model products, among which 78 have made general large models and 52 have made vertical large models. It is expected that other records will be approved one after another.

　　Since the beginning of this year, AIGC’s favorable policies have continued.

　　Judging from the pace of policy promotion, since the beginning of this year, the relevant good news in the AIGC field has continued.

　　In April this year, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting, pointing out that we should attach importance to the development of general artificial intelligence, create an innovative ecology, and pay attention to preventing risks.

　　On July 13, the National Network Information Office, together with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology, announced the Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services. On August 15th, the management method was officially implemented, and the filing of large models was started, which accelerated the release of commercial capacity of large models.

　　Which is stronger than the domestic big model?

　　So, what is the difference between the big domestic models that have been released?

　　According to the latest "AI Big Model Technical Capability Assessment Report 2023" issued by IDC, an IT market research and consulting company, at present, Wenxin Big Model 3.5 launched by Baidu is in a relatively leading position among the mainstream big models in China, and it gets full marks in the two indicators of "algorithm model" and "industry coverage".

　　Source: IDC《AI Large Model Technical Capability Assessment Report 2023.

　　Researchers in the Data Journalism Laboratory tried several applications corresponding to domestic large models, and found that Baidu ERNIE Bot has relatively rich functions, supports multimodal input and output such as pictures and voices, and can realize real-time online search, while other domestic large models have relatively few functions.

　　Since the beginning of this year, influenced by the AIGC wave, the stock prices of many companies with layout in this field have performed well. From the beginning of this year to September 13th, Iflytek’s share price rose by about 50%, while Baidu’s Hong Kong stocks and US stocks both rose by more than 20%.