Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development in Hunan Province in 2014

  In 2014, in the face of the complicated and changeable domestic and international economic operation environment, the Hunan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government led the people of the whole province to conscientiously implement the central government’s decisions and arrangements, continued to adhere to the general tone of work of striving for progress while maintaining stability, actively adapted to the new normal, actively acted, vigorously promoted the "three quantities rising together", effectively promoted the "four modernizations and two types", comprehensively deepened reforms, and comprehensively promoted the construction of a well-off society. The economic and social development of the whole province showed a good situation of steady progress and steady improvement of quality.

First, integration 

  According to preliminary accounting, the GDP of the whole province was 2,704.85 billion yuan, up by 9.5% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 314.88 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5%; The added value of the secondary industry was 1,248.19 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 1,141.78 billion yuan, an increase of 11.1%. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP was 40,287 yuan, an increase of 8.7%.

 

  The tertiary industry structure of the province is 11.6∶46.2∶42.2, and the proportion of tertiary industry is 1.3 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The industrial added value accounted for 39.7% of the regional GDP, down 0.9 percentage points from the previous year; The added value of high-tech industries accounted for 19.0% of the regional GDP, an increase of 2.7 percentage points over the previous year. The contribution rates of primary, secondary and tertiary industries to economic growth are 5.3%, 47.5% and 47.2% respectively. Among them, the contribution rate of industrial added value to economic growth is 41.3%, and that of producer services is 22.8%. The added value of the non-public sector of the economy was 1,589.63 billion yuan, up by 10.3%, accounting for 58.8% of the regional GDP, up by 0.9 percentage points over the previous year.

  Regionally, the GDP of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 1,155.59 billion yuan, an increase of 10.5% over the previous year; The GDP of southern Hunan was 556.81 billion yuan, up by 10.2%. The GDP of western Hunan was 452.06 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%; The GDP of Dongting Lake area was 643.67 billion yuan, up by 10.1%.

Second, the agricultural industry 

  In the primary industry, the added value of agriculture reached 202.03 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2% over the previous year; The added value of forestry was 22.55 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%; The added value of animal husbandry was 68.24 billion yuan, an increase of 4.7%; The added value of fishery was 22.06 billion yuan, up by 5.6%.

  The province’s grain planting area was 4.975 million hectares, an increase of 0.8% over the previous year; The cotton planting area was 130,000 hectares, a decrease of 18.5%; The planting area of sugar was 13,000 hectares, down by 6.2%; The oil planting area was 1.425 million hectares, an increase of 3.0%; The vegetable planting area was 1.33 million hectares, an increase of 3.6%.

  The province’s total grain output was 30.013 million tons, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; Oil, tea and vegetables increased by 4.3%, 10.8% and 4.4% respectively; The yield of cotton and flue-cured tobacco decreased by 34.8% and 9.4% respectively; The output of pigs, cattle and mutton increased by 6.2%, eggs by 2.4%, milk by 4.5% and aquatic products by 6.0%.

  The effective irrigated area of newly-increased farmland was 20,000 hectares, an increase of 11.0% over the previous year; The newly added water-saving irrigation area is 14,000 hectares; 62,000 water conservancy projects were started, with an investment of 24.80 billion yuan, and 860 million cubic meters of earth and stone were completed. 8283 kilometers of rural roads were built.

III. Industry and Construction Industry 

  The total industrial added value of the province was 1,074.99 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 9.6%. The output value of new industrial products above designated size increased by 13%, accounting for 13.3% of the total industrial output value, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of high-processing industries and high-tech industries above designated size increased by 13.5% and 27.8% respectively; The added value accounted for 36.6% and 10.3% of the industries above designated size, respectively, increasing by 1 and 1.3 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of the six high energy-consuming industries increased by 7.1%, accounting for 31.2% of the industries above designated size, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous year. The added value of non-public industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 11.8%. Regionally, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 11.4% in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, 10.6% in southern Hunan, 9.0% in western Hunan and 9.4% in Dongting Lake.

 

  Among the main industrial products of the province’s industrial statistics above designated size, the output increased by 283 kinds over the previous year, accounting for 61.9% of the total number of products. 12.451 million tons of rice, an increase of 7.6%; The processing capacity of crude oil was 8 million tons, down by 15.4%; 119.913 million tons of cement, an increase of 5.7%; 19.893 million tons of steel, an increase of 0.1%; Ten kinds of non-ferrous metals were 2.831 million tons, down 0.9%; 74,000 concrete machinery, an increase of 5.4%; 621,000 cars, an increase of 1.9%; The power generation was 124.19 billion kWh, down 2.4%.

Table 1 Output and growth rate of major industrial products above designated size in 2014 

product name 

unit of measurement 

Yield 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

raw coal 

Ten thousand tons 

5413.7 

-23.2 

crude salt 

Ten thousand tons 

280.9 

9.3 

rice 

Ten thousand tons 

1245.1 

7.6 

fodder 

Ten thousand tons 

1619.1 

3.7 

Refined edible vegetable oil 

Ten thousand tons 

298.8 

8.4 

cigarette 

Yizhi 

1743.8 

2.2 

Machine-made paper and paperboard 

Ten thousand tons 

406.6 

-4.7 

Crude oil processing capacity 

Ten thousand tons 

eight hundred 

-15.4 

Sulfuric acid (100% off) 

Ten thousand tons 

397.6 

7.9 

Caustic soda (100% off) 

Ten thousand tons 

64.6 

-13.9 

synthetic ammonia 

Ten thousand tons 

123.9 

-19.5 

Agricultural chemical fertilizer (pure) 

Ten thousand tons 

105.5 

-21.4 

cement 

Ten thousand tons 

11991.3 

5.7 

sheet glass 

Ten thousand-weight box 

1208.2 

-33.1 

iron casting 

Ten thousand tons 

1780.7 

2.8 

crude steel 

Ten thousand tons 

1917.6 

4.3 

steel products 

Ten thousand tons 

1989.3 

0.1 

Ten kinds of nonferrous metals 

Ten thousand tons 

283.1 

-0.9 

silver 

ton 

8360.1 

21 

crane 

Ten thousand tons 

107.4 

-21.4 

Concrete machinery 

Wantai 

7.4 

5.4 

automobile 

Ten thousand vehicles 

62.1 

1.9 

In which: cars 

Ten thousand vehicles 

40.6 

7.3 

generating equipment 

Ten thousand kilowatts 

136.6 

0.5 

Ac motor 

Ten thousand kilowatts 

1738 

3.3 

transformer 

KVA 

10415.8 

3.4 

electric energy production 

Billion kwh 

1241.9 

-2.4 

In which: thermal power 

Billion kwh 

749.2 

-10.1 

    hydropower 

Billion kwh 

466.1 

10.9 

 

  The profits of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 152.32 billion yuan, down 3.7% from the previous year. In terms of economic types, the profits of state-owned enterprises reached 12.72 billion yuan, down by 1.9%; Collective enterprises realized a profit of 1.31 billion yuan, down 13.8%; Joint-stock cooperative enterprises realized a profit of 330 million yuan, down 5.7%; Joint-stock enterprises realized a profit of 112.49 billion yuan, down 3.3%; Foreign-invested enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan realized a profit of 12.35 billion yuan, down by 1.0%; Other domestic-funded enterprises realized profits of 13.12 billion yuan, down by 10.1%. Among the major industrial sectors above designated size, the top five industries with total profits are nonmetallic mineral products, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, tobacco products, special equipment manufacturing and agricultural and sideline food processing, with profits of 14.06 billion yuan, 13.28 billion yuan, 11.55 billion yuan, 11.05 billion yuan and 9.94 billion yuan respectively.

  The added value of the province’s construction industry was 174.49 billion yuan, an increase of 9.9% over the previous year. General contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification grade realized profits of 22.86 billion yuan, an increase of 20.1%. The building construction area was 474.332 million square meters, an increase of 9.0%. The completed building area was 165.83 million square meters, an increase of 4.4%.

  

IV. Investment in fixed assets 

  The province’s investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) was 2,195.08 billion yuan, an increase of 19.4% over the previous year. In terms of economic types, state-owned investment was 639.31 billion yuan, an increase of 14.7%; Non-state-owned investment was 1,555.77 billion yuan, up by 21.5%; Private investment was 1,440.98 billion yuan, an increase of 21.2%, accounting for 65.6% of the total investment, an increase of 3.2 percentage points over the previous year. In terms of investment direction, people’s livelihood investment was 153 billion yuan, an increase of 40.6%; Ecological investment was 80.99 billion yuan, an increase of 31.0%; Infrastructure investment was 501.20 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%; Investment in high-tech industries was 80.87 billion yuan, up by 14.7%; The investment in technological transformation was 761.73 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%; The investment in strategic emerging industries was 494.98 billion yuan, an increase of 17.7%. In terms of regions, the investment in fixed assets in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 877.62 billion yuan, an increase of 20.0%; The investment in southern Hunan was 488.51 billion yuan, an increase of 22.6%; The investment in western Hunan was 360.79 billion yuan, an increase of 17.2%; The investment in Dongting Lake area was 436.85 billion yuan, up by 20.9%.

 

Table 2 Investment in fixed assets by industry and its growth rate in 2014 

Finger mark 

Investment (100 million yuan) 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

Investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) 

21950.8 

19.4 

  primary industry 

710 

34.9 

  secondary industry 

9321.2 

15.9 

  In which: mining industry 

679.9 

five 

      manufacturing industry 

7641.1 

14.6 

      Electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries 

783.2 

28.2 

      Construction industry 

238.1 

54.4 

  service sector 

11919.6 

21.4 

  Among them: transportation, warehousing and postal services. 

1559.9 

12.9 

      Information transmission, software and information technology services 

121.1 

30.1 

      Wholesale and retail trade 

965.5 

63.1 

      Accommodation and catering industry 

299.2 

21.1 

      financial industry 

75.1 

30 

      realty business 

3732.5 

12.3 

      Leasing and business services 

419.4 

16.6 

      Scientific research and technical service industry 

217.4 

55.7 

      Management of water conservancy, environment and public facilities 

2729.9 

30 

Resident service, repair and other service industries 

99.8 

15.5 

      education 

417.5 

38.1 

      Health and social work 

256 

48.5 

      Culture, sports and entertainment industry 

265.7 

32.5 

      Public management, social security and social organization 

590.5 

-3.4 

 

  There are 40,308 construction projects in the province, and 29,186 projects were put into operation this year. There were 3,154 projects with an investment of over 100 million yuan, with an investment of 554.29 billion yuan, accounting for 25.3% of the total investment.

  The province’s real estate development investment was 288.36 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7% over the previous year. Among them, residential investment was 199.85 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%. The sales area of commercial housing was 54.395 million square meters, down 8.6%. Among them, the residential sales area was 48.523 million square meters, down 10.3%. The sales of commercial housing was 229.91 billion yuan, down 9.0%. Among them, residential sales reached 185.86 billion yuan, down 12.1%.

V. Domestic trade and prices 

  The total retail sales of social consumer goods in the province was 1,008.19 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. In terms of business locations, the urban retail sales reached 906.25 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8%; Rural retail sales reached 101.94 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4%. In terms of regions, the retail sales in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan reached 435.54 billion yuan, up by 12.8%. 195.55 billion yuan in southern Hunan, an increase of 12.8%; 161.68 billion yuan in western Hunan, an increase of 12.6%; Dongting Lake area was 215.43 billion yuan, an increase of 12.7%.

  The retail sales of wholesale and retail commodities of legal persons above designated size reached 415.59 billion yuan, up by 14.2% over the previous year. Among them, the retail sales of culture, entertainment, sports and health increased by 16.8%, and the retail sales of goods realized through the Internet increased by 65.0%. In terms of commodity categories, the retail sales of grain, oil, food, beverages, tobacco and alcohol increased by 23.1%, clothing, shoes and hats, knitwear increased by 12.9%, daily necessities increased by 18.8%, books, newspapers and magazines increased by 15.9%, household appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 12.3%, cultural office supplies increased by 22.0%, mechanical and electrical products and equipment increased by 22.7%, and automobiles increased by 22.7%.

Table 3 Retail sales of social consumer goods and its growth rate in 2014 

Finger mark 

Retail sales (100 million yuan) 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

Total retail sales of social consumer goods 

10081.9 

12.8 

By place of business 

  

  

In which: towns 

9062.5 

12.8 

      countryside 

1019.4 

12.4 

By quota category 

  

  

In which: above the quota. 

5084.5 

11.1 

Retail sales of wholesale and retail commodities of legal persons above designated size 

4155.9 

14.2 

Among them: grain and oil, food, beverage, tobacco and alcohol. 

508 

23.1 

      Clothing, shoes and hats, knitted textiles 

311.5 

12.9 

      Cosmetics 

47.5 

16.6 

      Gold, silver and jewelry 

70.4 

8.3 

      Commodity class 

122.8 

18.8 

      Hardware and electrical materials. 

50.7 

27.6 

      Sports and entertainment products 

eight 

10.4 

      Books, newspapers and magazines 

73.5 

15.9 

      Electronic publications and audio-visual products 

3.9 

26.2 

      Household appliances and audio-visual equipment 

279.3 

12.3 

      Chinese and western medicines 

260.7 

15.9 

      Cultural office supplies 

62.1 

22 

      Furniture 

28.9 

15.3 

      Communication equipment category 

44.9 

20.1 

      Coal and products 

60.5 

17.9 

      Petroleum and products 

805.1 

4.7 

      Building and decoration materials 

67.8 

15.9 

      Mechanical and electrical products and equipment 

39.3 

22.7 

      Automobile category 

1184.6 

15 

 

  Consumer prices in the province increased by 1.9% over the previous year. Among them, cities rose by 2.1% and rural areas rose by 1.4%. The retail price of commodities rose by 1.2%. The ex-factory price of industrial producers decreased by 1.6%, and the purchase price of industrial producers decreased by 2.1%. The investment price of fixed assets rose by 1.5%. Producer prices of agricultural products decreased by 1.4%, while prices of agricultural means of production increased by 0.2%.

Table 4 Increase and decrease of consumer prices in 2014 compared with the previous year 

Finger mark 

Up from the previous year (%) 

consumer price index (CPI) 

1.9 

Among them: food 

2.6 

    Alcohol, tobacco and supplies 

-0.5 

    clothing 

1.7 

    Household equipment supplies and maintenance services 

1.3 

    Health care and personal items 

2.1 

    Traffic and communication 

0.2 

    Entertainment, education, cultural goods and services 

three 

    live 

1.4 

 

  VI. Foreign Economy 

  The total import and export volume of the province was 190.69 billion yuan, an increase of 22.2% over the previous year. Among them, the export was 123.04 billion yuan, an increase of 33.9%; Imports reached 67.65 billion yuan, up 5.4%. In terms of trade mode, the general trade export was 86.64 billion yuan, an increase of 38.1%; The export of processing trade was 32.15 billion yuan, up by 15.4%. In terms of key commodities, the export of mechanical and electrical products was 51.62 billion yuan, up 44.3%, accounting for 42.0% of the total export, up 3.1 percentage points over the previous year; The export of high-tech products was 14.75 billion yuan, up by 43.4%, accounting for 12.0% of the total export, up by 0.8 percentage points over the previous year; The export of agricultural products was 6.72 billion yuan, an increase of 22.6%.

Table 5 Total import and export volume and its growth rate in 2014 

Finger mark 

Absolute number (100 million yuan) 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

total export-import volume 

1906.9 

22.2 

value of export 

1230.4 

33.9 

     Divide by trade mode 

  

  

     In which: general trade. 

866.4 

38.1 

        processing trade 

321.5 

15.4 

     Divide by key commodities 

  

  

     Among them: mechanical and electrical products 

516.2 

44.3 

        High-tech products 

147.5 

43.4 

        agricultural product 

67.2 

22.6 

volume of import 

676.5 

5.4 

     Divide by trade mode 

  

  

     In which: general trade. 

408.8 

-5 

        processing trade 

214 

9.5 

     Divide by key commodities 

  

  

     Among them: mechanical and electrical products 

253.4 

32.7 

        High-tech products 

93.4 

32.5 

        agricultural product 

24.3 

-16.6 

 

  The actual utilization of foreign direct investment in the province was 10.27 billion US dollars, an increase of 17.9% over the previous year. Among them, the primary industry was 580 million US dollars, an increase of 9.1%; The secondary industry was $6.58 billion, an increase of 12.2%; The tertiary industry reached $3.10 billion, an increase of 34.7%. 24 foreign-funded projects with more than 30 million US dollars were newly introduced. During the year, 3 Fortune 500 companies were introduced, and by the end of 2014, 134 Fortune 500 companies had invested in Hunan. The actual introduction of domestic and foreign funds was 330.08 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5%. Among them, the primary industry was 10.46 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%; The secondary industry was 212.80 billion yuan, an increase of 13.4%; The tertiary industry was 106.81 billion yuan, an increase of 17.6%. 803 domestic and foreign projects of over 100 million yuan were introduced, an increase of 18.3%; The actual funds in place were 165.53 billion yuan, an increase of 30.4%.

  The newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects, labor service cooperation and design consultation in the province amounted to 5.19 billion US dollars, an increase of 14.8% over the previous year; Realized a turnover of $4.08 billion, an increase of 23.3%; There were 69,000 overseas laborers, an increase of 16.1%. 144 overseas investment enterprises were newly approved, with a contractual investment of 2.15 billion US dollars.

VII. Transportation, Posts and Telecommunications and Tourism 

  The conversion turnover of passenger and cargo transportation in the province was 513.76 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year. The cargo turnover was 415.93 billion tons-kilometers, up by 7.7%. Among them, the railway turnover was 85.83 billion tons kilometers, a decrease of 11.5%; The highway turnover was 257.89 billion tons kilometers, up by 10.7%. Passenger turnover was 178.01 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 5.5%. Among them, the railway turnover was 89.12 billion person-kilometers, up by 2.9%; The highway turnover was 77.65 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 7.6%; The turnover of civil aviation was 10.96 billion person-kilometers, up by 12.9%.

Table 6 Passenger and freight volume and its growth rate by various modes of transportation in 2014 

Finger mark 

unit of measurement 

Absolute number 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

Passenger and freight transport conversion turnover 

Tons of kilometers 

5137.6 

6.9 

volume of goods transported 

Ten thousand tons 

203587.4 

10 

In which: railway 

Ten thousand tons 

4477.2 

-8.7 

highway 

Ten thousand tons 

172613.4 

10.5 

transport by water 

Ten thousand tons 

25687 

11.2 

civil aviation 

Ten thousand tons 

6.3 

three 

pipeline 

Ten thousand tons 

803.7 

10.5 

passenger capacity 

ten thousand people 

162458.8 

1.3 

In which: railway 

ten thousand people 

9556.7 

4.8 

highway 

ten thousand people 

150583.3 

1.1 

transport by water 

ten thousand people 

1448.8 

-2.1 

civil aviation 

ten thousand people 

870.1 

15 

 

  At the end of the year, the province’s highway mileage was 236,000 kilometers, an increase of 0.4% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the mileage of expressways is 5,493 kilometers, an increase of 409 kilometers over the end of last year. At the end of the year, the railway operating mileage was 4,551.9 kilometers, an increase of 13.0%. Among them, the high-speed railway is 1110 kilometers, an increase of 506 kilometers over the end of last year. At the end of the year, the number of civilian vehicles in the province was 4.434 million, an increase of 11.5%; The number of private cars was 3.933 million, an increase of 20.2%; The number of cars was 2.341 million, up by 20.1%.

  The total post and telecommunications business in the province was 74.50 billion yuan, an increase of 25.9% over the previous year. Among them, the total postal business was 8.12 billion yuan, an increase of 34.7%; The total telecommunications business was 66.38 billion yuan, an increase of 24.9%. At the end of the year, the total capacity of local exchanges was 6.694 million, a decrease of 23.0%. At the end of the year, there were 8.441 million fixed telephone users, a decrease of 8.5%; There were 47.297 million mobile phone users, an increase of 363,000. At the end of the year, there were 7.544 million Internet broadband users, an increase of 5.0%.

  The province received 410 million domestic tourists, an increase of 14.4% over the previous year; 2.195 million inbound tourists were received, a decrease of 4.8%. The total tourism revenue was 305.07 billion yuan, an increase of 13.8%. Among them, domestic tourism revenue was 300.15 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1%; The foreign exchange income from international tourism was 800 million US dollars, a decrease of 2.8%.

VIII. Finance, Finance and Insurance 

  The province’s general public budget revenue was 362.97 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year. The local revenue was 225.99 billion yuan, an increase of 11.3%. Among them, tax revenue was 143.82 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%; Non-tax revenue was 82.18 billion yuan, up by 12.3%. The central government’s "two taxes" were 104.73 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0%; The central income tax was 31.71 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1%. The province’s general public budget expenditure was 502.45 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1%. Among them, the expenditures on general public services, education, social security and employment, medical care and family planning, urban and rural communities, agriculture, forestry, water and housing security were 67.44 billion yuan, 82.29 billion yuan, 67.40 billion yuan, 41.42 billion yuan, 45.63 billion yuan, 53.62 billion yuan and 19.26 billion yuan, respectively, up by 15.0%, 1.7% and 19.26 billion yuan.

Table 7 Revenue and Expenditure of Public Finance in 2014 

Finger mark 

Absolute number (100 million yuan) 

Increase over the previous year (%) 

General public budget revenue 

3629.7 

9.5 

In which: local income 

2259.9 

11.3 

In which: tax revenue 

1438.2 

10.7 

Non-tax revenue 

821.8 

12.3 

Draw the central "two taxes" 

1047.3 

five 

Draw up the central income tax 

317.1 

13.1 

General public budget expenditure 

5024.5 

7.1 

In which: general public services 

674.4 

15 

education 

822.9 

1.7 

science and technology 

59.1 

6.5 

Culture, Sports and Media 

80.6 

17 

Social security and employment 

674 

7.7 

Health care and family planning 

414.2 

7.8 

energy saving and environmental protection 

129.2 

0.4 

Urban and rural community affairs 

456.3 

17.5 

Agriculture, forestry and water affairs 

536.2 

3.8 

Housing security 

192.6 

10.3 

 

  At the end of the year, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions in the province was 3,025.56 billion yuan, an increase of 337.65 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. Among them, the balance of unit deposits was 1,235.74 billion yuan, an increase of 137.22 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; The balance of personal deposits was 1,676.71 billion yuan, an increase of 198.26 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. The balance of local and foreign currency loans was 2,078.31 billion yuan, an increase of 252.44 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. Among them, the balance of short-term loans was 605.90 billion yuan, an increase of 38.64 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; The balance of medium and long-term loans was 1,431.27 billion yuan, an increase of 200.78 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. Among them, the balance of loans for real estate development, small and medium-sized enterprises and affordable housing development was 119.69 billion yuan, 734.57 billion yuan and 28.00 billion yuan respectively.

Table 8 Balance of local and foreign currency deposits and loans of financial institutions at the end of 2014 and their newly increased amount 

Finger mark 

Year-end balance (100 million yuan) 

Increased amount compared with the beginning of the year (100 million yuan) 

Balance of various deposits 

30255.6 

3376.5 

In which: unit deposit 

12357.4 

1372.2 

individual deposit 

16767.1 

1982.6 

In which: RMB deposits 

30073.4 

3316.7 

Balance of various loans 

20783.1 

2524.4 

In which: short-term loans 

6059 

386.4 

medium and long term loans 

14312.7 

2007.8 

In which: RMB loan. 

20356.4 

2464 

 

  At the end of the year, there were 93 listed companies in the province. Among them, there are 78 domestic listed companies and 15 overseas listed companies. The total direct financing in the province reached 185.63 billion yuan, an increase of 30.7%. Among them, a total of 40.37 billion yuan was raised through initial public offering, additional issuance, share allotment and corporate bonds, an increase of 181.7%. At the end of the year, there were 255 business departments of securities companies in the province, with a securities transaction volume of 4,166.26 billion yuan. There are 3 futures companies in the jurisdiction, with a turnover of 9,448.57 billion yuan.

  The annual premium income of insurance companies was 58.77 billion yuan, an increase of 15.6% over the previous year. Among them, life insurance premium income was 31.70 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8%; Health insurance premium income was 4.35 billion yuan, an increase of 33.0%; Accidental injury insurance premium income was 1.60 billion yuan, up by 15.5%; Property insurance premium income was 21.13 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2%. All kinds of indemnity and payment expenses were 22.63 billion yuan, up by 17.4%.

  IX. Education, Science and Technology 

  At the end of the year, there were 109 colleges and universities in the province. There are 19,000 graduates of general higher education, 296,000 graduates of junior college, 205,000 graduates of secondary vocational education, 320,000 graduates of ordinary high schools, 652,000 graduates of junior high schools and 741,000 graduates of ordinary primary schools. There were 2.032 million children in the park, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.96%, and the gross enrollment rate of high school education is 89.0%. There are 11,699 private schools with 2.34 million students. We have secured 6.95 billion yuan for compulsory education in rural areas, 260 million yuan for state grants for ordinary senior high schools and 1.06 billion yuan for state scholarships and grants for colleges and universities. Issued 230 million yuan of state grants for secondary vocational schools and subsidized 307,000 secondary vocational students; We implemented 1.12 billion yuan of tuition-free funds for secondary vocational schools and subsidized 924,000 secondary vocational students.

Table 9 Enrollment, number of students and graduates in schools at all levels and their growth rate in 2014 

Finger mark 

Enrollment 

Number of students in school (school) 

Number of graduates 

Absolute number 

Compared with the previous year 

Absolute number 

Compared with the previous year 

Absolute number 

Compared with the previous year 

(ten thousand people) 

Growth (%) 

(ten thousand people) 

Growth (%) 

(ten thousand people) 

Growth (%) 

postgraduate education 

2.1 

1.9 

6.6 

1.5 

1.9 

10 

regular higher education 

34.5 

5.8 

113.6 

3.2 

29.6 

0.5 

Secondary vocational education 

22.7 

-0.7 

64.5 

-0.9 

20.5 

-13.5 

Ordinary high school 

36.5 

-2.2 

105.7 

1.5 

32 

1.2 

Junior high school 

74.5 

-2.8 

220.6 

three 

65.2 

-2.1 

Ordinary primary school 

81.4 

-4 

473.8 

1.3 

74.1 

-3.8 

special needs education 

0.3 

32.9 

one point six 

55.4 

0.1 

-29.3 

 

  At the end of the year, there were 14 national engineering technology research centers and 168 provincial engineering technology research centers in the province. There are 12 national key laboratories and 125 provincial key laboratories. There are 33 enterprise technology centers recognized by the state. 4879 technical contracts were signed, with a turnover of 9.77 billion yuan. 953 scientific and technological achievements were registered. It has won 20 national scientific and technological progress awards, 3 national technological invention awards and 2 national natural science awards. The average yield per mu of super hybrid rice reached 1026.7 kg, the first 8-inch IGBT professional chip production line in China and the second in the world was put into operation, and Changsha Supercomputing Center was put into use. The number of patent applications was 44,194, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year. Among them, the number of invention patent applications was 14,474, an increase of 21.2%. The number of patents granted was 26,637, an increase of 9.2%. Among them, 4,160 invention patents were granted, an increase of 15.1%. The number of patent applications from enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions was 23,524, 5,806 and 596 respectively, and the number of patents granted was 15,126, 3,040 and 319 respectively. The added value of high-tech industries was 514.75 billion yuan, an increase of 20.7%.

 

  At the end of the year, there were 1716 product testing laboratories in the province, with 63 new ones. Among them, there are 19 national product quality supervision and inspection centers, and one is added. There are 103 legal metrological verification institutions, 104 special equipment inspection institutions, and 10065 batches of quality supervision and spot checks of key industrial products. Participated in the formulation of 25 national standards and organized the formulation of 153 local standards. Surveying and mapping departments published 111 kinds of maps, providing 275,000 geodetic achievements, 31,700 aerial photographs and 59,291 basic geographic information data for economic and social development.

X. Culture, Health and Sports 

  By the end of the year, there were 103 performing arts groups, 142 mass art museums and cultural centers, 136 public libraries and 103 museums and memorial halls in the province. There are 13 radio stations and 15 TV stations. There were 8.78 million cable TV users, an increase of 369,000 over the previous year. The comprehensive population coverage rate of broadcasting was 93.48%, and that of television was 97.51%, up by 0.23 and 0.11 percentage points respectively over the previous year. There are 116 national intangible cultural heritage protection catalogues and 220 provincial intangible cultural heritage protection catalogues. 11,300 books, 247 periodicals and 85 newspapers were published, and the total print runs of books, magazines and newspapers were 370 million, 140 million and 1.36 billion respectively.

  At the end of the year, there were 61,572 health institutions in the province. Among them, there are 1,018 hospitals, 139 maternal and child health centers (institutes and stations), 86 specialized disease prevention hospitals (institutes and stations), 2,298 township health centers, 666 community health service centers (stations), 9,584 clinics, health centers and medical offices, and 44,699 village clinics. There were 341,000 health technicians, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year. Among them, there were 133,000 medical practitioners and assistant medical practitioners, an increase of 4.6%; There were 136,000 registered nurses, an increase of 8.4%. The total number of beds in hospitals is 248,000, an increase of 15.3%. Township hospitals have a total of 84,000 beds, an increase of 8.0%.

  There are 23.691 million people who regularly participate in physical exercise in the province, and 2453 national fitness programs have been carried out. There are 5,000 new administrative villages for farmers’ physical fitness projects. He won 8 world champions, 18 Asian champions and 49 national champions throughout the year. There are 72,926 sports venues. Among them, there are 218 gymnasiums, 5,778 sports fields (including stadiums, small sports fields and track fields), 388 swimming pools (including swimming and diving venues) and 3,444 training rooms (including comprehensive rooms and special training rooms).

XI. Population, People’s Life and Social Security 

  At the end of the year, the resident population of the province was 67.372 million. Among them, the urban population was 33.201 million, and the urbanization rate was 49.28%, an increase of 1.32 percentage points over the end of last year. The annual birth population was 908,000, with a birth rate of 13.52 ‰; The death population was 463,000, with a mortality rate of 6.89 ‰; The natural population growth rate is 6.63‰. The population aged 0-15 (including those under 16) is 13.036 million, accounting for 19.35% of the permanent population; The population aged 16-59 (including those under 60) is 43.071 million, accounting for 63.93% of the permanent population; The population aged 60 and over is 11.265 million, accounting for 16.72% of the permanent population. At the end of the year, there were 40.56 million employees, an increase of 195,000 over the end of the previous year.

Table 10 Number and composition of permanent residents at the end of 2014 

Finger mark 

Year-end (10,000 people) 

Specific gravity (%) 

inhabitant 

6737.2 

100 

In which: towns 

3320.1 

49.28 

countryside 

3417.1 

50.72 

Among them: male 

3471.1 

51.52 

woman 

3266.1 

48.48 

In which: 0-15 years old (including under 16 years old) 

1303.6 

19.35 

16-59 years old (including under 60 years old) 

4307.1 

63.93 

60 years old and above 

1126.5 

16.72 

Among them: 65 years old and above. 

742.4 

11.02 

 

  The per capita disposable income of all residents in the province was 17,622 yuan, an increase of 10.1% over the previous year, with a real increase of 8.0% after deducting the price factor. Among them, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 26,570 yuan, an increase of 9.1% over the previous year, and a real increase of 6.9% after deducting the price factor; The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 10,060 yuan, an increase of 11.4%, with a real increase of 9.9% after deducting the price factor. In terms of regions, the per capita disposable income of residents in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 28,287 yuan, an increase of 9.6%; 16541 yuan in southern Hunan, an increase of 10.0%; 11683 yuan in western Hunan, an increase of 10.2%; Dongting Lake area was 16,061 yuan, an increase of 10.1%.

  The per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents in the province was 18,335 yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year; The per capita living expenditure of rural residents was 9,025 yuan, an increase of 15.2%. The proportion of food consumption expenditure of urban residents to total consumption expenditure (Engel coefficient) is 30.5%, and that of rural residents is 34.3%.

 

  There are 827,000 new urban employees in the province. At the end of the year, the number of employees participating in urban basic endowment insurance was 11.183 million, an increase of 266,000 over the end of the previous year. Among them, 7.694 million employees were insured and 3.489 million retirees were insured. The number of people participating in urban basic medical insurance was 22.984 million. Among them, 8.078 million people participated in the basic medical insurance for urban workers and 14.906 million people participated in the basic medical insurance for urban residents. The number of employees participating in unemployment insurance was 5.095 million, an increase of 478,000. The number of employees participating in industrial injury insurance was 7.48 million, an increase of 170,000. The number of employees participating in maternity insurance was 5.376 million, an increase of 18,000. The number of registered participants in the new rural endowment insurance is 32.84 million. The number of people participating in the new rural cooperative medical system is 47.965 million (excluding Changsha), and the participation rate is 99.3%. At the end of the year, the number of employees receiving unemployment insurance benefits was 141,000. The urban minimum living standard is 360 yuan/month, and the monthly assistance level reaches 266 yuan; The rural minimum living standard is 204 yuan/month, and the monthly assistance level reaches 120 yuan. 4.37 billion yuan for urban residents and 4.21 billion yuan for rural residents. At the end of the year, there were 184,000 beds in various adoptive social welfare units, and 137,000 people were adopted. There are 7,714 community service facilities in cities and towns, including 2,585 comprehensive community service centers. The annual sales of social welfare lottery tickets was 7.29 billion yuan,Raise social welfare funds of 2.01 billion yuan; Directly received social donations of 190 million yuan. Solve the problem of unsafe drinking water for 3.686 million people in rural areas, rebuild and expand 169 township nursing homes, and support the renovation of 117,000 rural dilapidated houses.

XII. Resources, Environment and Safety in Production 

  143 kinds of minerals have been discovered and 108 kinds of minerals have been proved in the province. Among them, there are 7 kinds of energy minerals, 38 kinds of metal minerals, 61 kinds of non-metal minerals and 2 kinds of water and gas minerals. 381 geological exploration projects (including continuation projects), 17 deep prospecting projects near old mines, and 5 new large and medium-sized mineral sites were discovered. There are 14 key mining areas and 4 important minerals that have completed resource integration. There are 12 national geoparks and 4 geological relics protection areas. 291 comprehensive land improvement projects at or above the provincial level were implemented, and 168,000 hectares of land were rehabilitated.

  The sewage treatment rate of cities in the province was 89.9%, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the previous year; The harmless treatment rate of municipal solid waste was 99.7%, an increase of 3.7 percentage points. The air quality in 11 cities reached the second-class standard, with an increase of 2. Among the surface water sections actually monitored, 82.6% meet the Class III standard. The construction of 190 nature reserves with an area of 1.361 million hectares has been approved. Among them, there are 22 national nature reserves and 26 provincial nature reserves. In the whole year, the afforestation area was 392,000 hectares, the afforestation area of the project of returning farmland to forests was 20,000 hectares, and the area of comprehensive soil erosion control was 426.1 square kilometers. At the end of the year, there were 968,000 hectares of closed hills (sand) for afforestation and 480 million cubic meters of standing trees. The forest coverage rate was 59.57%, an increase of 2.05 percentage points over the previous year.

  According to preliminary accounting, the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries in the province is 65.258 million tons of standard coal, down 3.4% from the previous year. Among them, the comprehensive energy consumption of six high energy-consuming industries was 51.5395 million tons of standard coal, down by 3.6%. Ten thousand yuan scale industrial added value energy consumption of 0.65 tons of standard coal/ten thousand yuan. The emissions of chemical oxygen demand, sulfur dioxide, ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen oxides decreased by 1.6%, 2.7%, 2.1% and 6.0% respectively compared with the previous year.

  In the whole year, there were 5,522 accidents in production safety, a decrease of 5.0% over the previous year. There were 995 deaths in operational production safety accidents, down by 6.4%. 0.08 people died in the accident of 100 million yuan GDP, down by 16.5%; The accident death toll of 100,000 industrial, mining and commercial employees was 1.21, down by 3.2%; There were 1.07 deaths per million tons in coal mines, down by 18.9%. There were 8785 road traffic accidents in the whole year, an increase of 0.7%; The road traffic death rate was 2.02 people/10,000 vehicles, down by 7.3%.

  Notes: 

  1. The data in this bulletin are preliminary statistics, and some data are not equal to the total of sub-items due to rounding. 

  2. The absolute figures of regional GDP and added value of various industries are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at constant prices. 

  3. According to the Classification of National Economic Industries (GB/T4754-2011), in 2013, the National Bureau of Statistics revised the three industrial divisions, and classified "agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services" in "agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery", "mining auxiliary activities" in "mining" and "manufacturing". 

  4. Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region refers to Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, southern Hunan refers to Hengyang, Chenzhou and Yongzhou, western Hunan refers to Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie, Huaihua, Loudi and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, and Dongting Lake refers to Yueyang, Yiyang and Changde. Due to the adjustment of regional division, the data of western Hunan and Dongting Lake in 2014 are not comparable to those in 2013. 

  According to relevant regulations, foreign trade is denominated in RMB. 

  6. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children refers to the percentage of school-age children who have entered primary school within the scope of investigation to the total number of school-age children inside and outside the school. 

  7. The gross enrollment rate of high school education mainly reflects the coverage of high school education, which means that the total number of students in high school accounts for the percentage of the school-age population aged 15-17. 

  8. According to the Notice of the State Sports General Administration, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Railways and the National Tourism Administration on Carrying out the Sixth National Survey of Sports Sites, Hunan Province carried out the sixth national survey of sports sites of all systems, industries and forms of ownership in the province (except the railway and military systems) with December 31, 2013 as the standard time. According to the census standards, in 2014, the relevant data of sports venues in the province in the previous year were revised. 

  9. The permanent population refers to the population who actually lives in a certain area for a certain period of time. According to the provisions of the census and sampling survey, it mainly includes: people who live in the township street, whose registered permanent residence is in the township street or whose registered permanent residence is to be determined, people who live in the township street and leave the township street where their registered permanent residence is located for more than half a year, people whose registered permanent residence is in the township street, who go out for less than half a year or work and study abroad. 

  10. At the end of 2014, the population aged 0-14 (including those under the age of 15) was 12.363 million, and the population aged 15-59 (including those under the age of 60) was 43.747 million. 

  11. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the National Bureau of Statistics began to implement the household survey reform of urban-rural integration, and unified the income names, classifications and statistical standards of urban and rural residents. In 2014, the Hunan Investigation Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics calculated the per capita disposable income of the province’s residents with a new caliber comparable to urban and rural areas, and changed the per capita net income of rural residents into the per capita disposable income of rural residents. The income of rural residents in 2013 and previous years was still net income. 

  12. In 2014, according to relevant regulations, social service organizations and community service centers providing accommodation in Hunan were classified and cleaned up, and the corresponding data caliber was adjusted. 

  13. Energy consumption data are preliminary audit data of the National Bureau of Statistics. 

  Source:

  The financial data in this bulletin comes from the Provincial Department of Finance; Prices, income and expenditure of urban and rural residents, Engel coefficient and some agricultural data come from Hunan Survey Corps of National Bureau of Statistics. The data of railway passenger and freight volume and turnover come from Shichang Railway Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Railway (Group) Company and Nanchang Railway Bureau. The data of highway passenger and freight volume, turnover volume and waterway passenger and freight volume come from the Provincial Department of Transportation; Data of passenger and cargo traffic and turnover of civil aviation come from Provincial Airport Management Group Co., Ltd.; The data of pipeline freight volume come from Changling Branch of China Petrochemical Group Asset Management Co., Ltd., Baling Petrochemical Branch of China Petrochemical Group Asset Management Co., Ltd., Changling Branch of China Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Hunan Oil Transportation Management Office of China Petrochemical Sales Co., Ltd. and Changsha Xinao Gas Co., Ltd.; Telecom business volume, mobile phone users, fixed phone users and Internet broadband users come from provincial telecom companies, provincial mobile companies, provincial Unicom companies and provincial Tietong companies; The postal business volume comes from the provincial postal administration; Tourism data comes from the Provincial Tourism Bureau; Deposit and loan data come from Changsha Central Branch of China People’s Bank; The data of listed companies come from the financial work office of the provincial people’s government; Securities data comes from Hunan Supervision Bureau of China Securities Regulatory Commission; The insurance industry data comes from China Insurance Regulatory Commission Hunan Supervision Bureau; Education data comes from the Provincial Department of Education; Science and technology data comes from the Provincial Science and Technology Department; Patent data comes from the provincial intellectual property office; Quality inspection and industry standard data come from the Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision;Mineral resources, geopark relics, land and mapping data come from the Provincial Department of Land and Resources; The data of art performance groups, museums, public libraries, cultural centers and intangible cultural heritage protection come from the Provincial Department of Culture; The data of radio, television, newspapers, periodicals and books come from the provincial press, publication, radio, film and television bureau; The data of health and new rural cooperative medical system come from the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission. Sports data comes from the provincial sports bureau; The data of new employment and social insurance in cities and towns come from the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security; Urban and rural subsistence allowances, social welfare, community services, nursing homes, social donation data to the provincial introspection Civil Affairs Department; The data of soil erosion control and rural drinking water safety come from the Provincial Water Resources Department; The data of reconstruction of rural dilapidated buildings, sewage and garbage disposal come from the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development; The data of nature reserves, afforestation, afforestation, standing trees and forest coverage rate come from the Provincial Forestry Department; The data of air and surface water quality and pollutant discharge come from the Provincial Environmental Protection Department; Safety production data comes from the provincial safety production supervision and management bureau; Road traffic accident data comes from the provincial public security department; Other data come from the Provincial Bureau of Statistics.

Sino-German Sifang medical institutions carry out in-depth cooperation! Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine actively explores a new mode of Chinese medicine "going out to sea

  In order to implement the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the new quality productivity and the spirit of the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, and the spirit of the Guangdong Provincial High-quality Development Conference, on March 14th, the centralized signing ceremony of the Sino-German project of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) was held in Guangzhou. Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine has signed cooperation agreements and letters of intent with the Affiliated Hospital of Fulda University in Germany, Essenmit Hospital in Germany (teaching hospital of Essen University in Duisburg, Germany) and German-Chinese Health Management Association, and will cooperate extensively in personnel training, scientific research, brand communication, integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine, explore the path of Guangdong for Chinese medicine to enter the international stage, present the centenary of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and contribute to the construction of Chinese medicine highland in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

  Yana Ludwig, Deputy Consul General of German Consulate General in Guangzhou, Chen Wenfeng, Party Secretary of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cang Feng, Deputy Director of Foreign Affairs Office of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, Yi Xuefeng, member and deputy director of Guangdong Health and Wellness Committee, Gong Zhihong, second-class inspector of Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce, attended and witnessed the signing ceremony. The signing ceremony was presided over by Yang Zhimin, vice president of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

  Zhang Zhongde, vice president of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and president of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, as the largest comprehensive Chinese medicine hospital in China with the largest number of patients and the strongest comprehensive strength, is committed to promoting the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, building perfect human medicine and contributing to the health of all mankind. Under the recommendation of the German Hospital Association, the hospital has cooperated with the German-Chinese Health Management Association for three consecutive years. Through co-hosting the Sino-German Chinese Medicine Conference, overseas publicity has attracted the attention of many German medical institutions and Chinese medicine lovers. The two sides have established a solid foundation and forged a profound friendship in promoting the in-depth cooperation of Chinese medicine. At the historic moment when Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine celebrates its centenary birthday, it is of great significance for Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine to jointly promote the in-depth cooperation between China and Germany with the Affiliated Hospital of Fulda University, Eisenmit Hospital of Germany and German-Chinese Health Management Association. With the help of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine’s high-quality educational resources and first-class talent, the hospital will cultivate high-quality international scientific research projects and excellent international talent teams to jointly promote Chinese medicine to better serve the health undertakings of China and Germany.

  Michel Drageim, president of the German-Chinese Health Management Association, said that he was very happy to come to Guangzhou, which has a long history and profound cultural heritage and is known as the cornerstone of Chinese medicine in Guangdong Province. Germany very much hopes to cooperate with Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine to carry out in-depth exchanges and cooperation in the field of Chinese medicine, especially around Chinese medicine to meet the challenges brought about by the aging society. Establishing a partnership with Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine today not only marks an important step in cultural exchange, but also marks a big step in closer medical cooperation between Germany and China. Next, the partners will jointly promote the development of Chinese medicine in Germany and China through their respective experiences in the medical and health fields, and strive to become a model of international cooperation in the medical field.

  The German delegation is composed of research institutes, hospitals and clinics. Since March 11th, it has conducted a three-day field investigation and exchange in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and approached several specialties to gain in-depth understanding around the examples and effects of how to prevent and treat diseases with traditional Chinese medicine, the superior diseases of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and the superior role of traditional Chinese medicine in medical and health cooperation between the two countries.

  "Through on-the-spot investigation, the work and achievements of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine far exceeded my expectations." Mark warner, director of the Department of Integrated Medicine of the German Eisenmit Hospital, believes that this cooperation has built a bridge for the two sides to jointly carry out systematic cooperation in herbal medicine treatment, scientific research, integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine and other aspects, which is of milestone significance.

  It is understood that Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine was awarded the first batch of Chinese medicine service export bases in 2019, and it is the only medical institution among the approved bases in Guangdong Province. In 2023, the amount of foreign service trade of traditional Chinese medicine in hospitals exceeded 50 million yuan, including more than 700 overseas personnel who came to the hospital for further study and 45,000 overseas personnel who came to the hospital for medical treatment, a sharp increase compared with 2022. The base won the "Top Ten Practice Case Award of Guangzhou Service Trade Innovation and Development Pilot" and was named "Excellent Case of Guangdong Service Trade in 2023" by Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce.

Nucleic acid detection non-stop medical staff stick to their posts 24 hours a day

CCTV News:Recently, in the second round of nucleic acid testing in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, a total of 7.65 million people in the urban area of the city need to be tested urgently. Medical staff must complete the testing task in the shortest time, and racing against time is the most important task for the soldiers in white.

At 9 o’clock in the morning, the medical staff who participated in the nucleic acid detection in Zhufu Hongcheng community in Zhengzhou put on protective clothing and prepared to start their day’s work. There are tens of thousands of permanent residents in this community. According to the regulations of Zhengzhou City, the second round of nucleic acid testing must be completed within three days. These days, medical staff and community workers are basically working around the clock.

Reporter:How long did we rest just now?

Medical staff:About five or six minutes.

Reporter:Can you stand the continuous rotation?

Medical staff:The workload is here, and I can’t care so much.

Guo Xinxin, a 34-year-old nurse in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, has been in charge of nucleic acid testing since August 5th, and has not been home for more than 10 days. Guo Xinxin has two children, the older is 7 years old and the younger is less than 5 years old.

Guo Xinxin, a nurse in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital:The little man on my chest actually painted my girl, because she especially likes ballet. I always say come on, come on, my mother will cheer for you. I put it on my chest and feel that my girl has been cheering for me.

National Development and Reform Commission: CPI rose by 1.7% in the first half of the year, and prices continued to operate within a reasonable range.

Cctv newsOn July 14th, the National Development and Reform Commission held a media briefing on the economic situation in the first half of the year. Wan Jinsong, director of the price department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the meeting that since the beginning of this year, international energy and food prices have risen sharply, and inflation in major economies such as the United States and Europe has remained high. In recent months, the consumer price index (CPI) has risen by more than 8%, a record high in the past 40 years or on record. Last night, the CPI in June released by the United States rose as high as 9.1%. However, China’s prices continued to operate in a reasonable range. In the first half of the year, CPI rose by an average of 1.7%, which was significantly lower than that of other major economies, in sharp contrast to the high international inflation.

Wan Jinsong said that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to stabilizing prices. Since the beginning of this year, the National Development and Reform Commission has thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, continuously strengthened the construction of the production, supply, storage and marketing system of important commodities such as grain and coal, and responded to the uncertainty of the external environment with the certainty of domestic supply and stable prices, effectively ensuring the basic stability of prices. In terms of important livelihood commodities such as grain, we will make every effort to stabilize grain production, strengthen regulation and control to stabilize pig production capacity, strengthen the connection between vegetable production and marketing, and do everything possible to ensure the supply and price stability of important livelihood commodities. Since the Ukrainian crisis, China’s food prices have risen by about 1.4% on average, far lower than the increase of 7.5%-9.5% in the United States and Europe. In terms of energy, China has continuously increased coal production and supply, improved the coal market price formation mechanism, guided coal prices to operate in a reasonable range, stabilized electricity prices and energy costs by stabilizing coal prices, and the prices of electricity and gas for residents have always remained basically stable. However, the electricity and gas prices of residents in major economies such as the United States and Europe have risen sharply. For example, in May, the electricity price in the euro zone rose by about 30% year-on-year, and the gas price rose by about 50% year-on-year.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: More than 70,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated nationwide, including 8,997 "little giant" enterpri

  Cctv newsOn the afternoon of March 1st, the State Council Press Office held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by authoritative departments", introducing the situation of "accelerating new industrialization, strengthening and improving the real economy" and answering reporters’ questions.

  Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said that SMEs in China contributed 50% of tax revenue, over 60% of GDP, over 70% of technological innovation, over 80% of urban employment and over 90% of enterprises, which highlighted the importance of doing a good job in SMEs.

  In 2022, China added more than 1.7 trillion yuan in tax reduction and fee reduction, tax refund, tax deferral and fee deferral for small and micro market entities, launched a series of SME service activities, and newly cultivated 274 national SME public service demonstration platforms. In 2022, the country set up an average of 23,800 new enterprises every day, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises has exceeded 52 million, and the operating income of industrial small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size has exceeded 80 trillion yuan.

  More than 70,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated throughout the country, including 8,997 specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprises. Among the newly listed enterprises last year, specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 59%, and more than 1,300 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been listed on A shares, accounting for 27% of the total number of A-share listed enterprises. These enterprises have been working hard in the field of industrial foundation, which fully embodies the development characteristics of specialization, refinement, characteristics and novelty.

  Next, focus on five aspects:

  First, optimize the development environment. A law, a regulation, an opinion, a plan. Law is to fully implement the "SME Promotion Law"; The regulations are to implement the Regulations on the Protection of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ Payment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises; The opinion is to thoroughly implement the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; Planning is to implement the "14th Five-Year Plan" to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, promote the implementation of various policies to benefit enterprises, and solve problems for the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises.

  Second, strengthen the cultivation. The gradient cultivation project of high-quality enterprises will be implemented in depth, and the number of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in China will exceed 80,000 this year. Strengthen policy guidance and overall planning of resources, and plan to cultivate about 100 characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises. Give play to the leading role of large enterprises and promote the development of large, medium and small enterprises. This year, the second national conference on the development of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises will be held to build a platform for exchanges and cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises.

  Third, improve the service system. First, this year, we will prepare opinions on further improving the service system for small and medium-sized enterprises; second, we will further improve the public service system for small and medium-sized enterprises at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels; third, we will continue to carry out the National Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Service Month, and give full play to the role of public service institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises, public service demonstration platforms for small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurial innovation demonstration bases for small and micro enterprises, so that more quality services can reach small and medium-sized enterprises directly.

  Fourth, promote the integration of production and production. It will guide financial institutions to continuously increase financing support for small and medium-sized enterprises. Give play to the role of the capital market and support specialized and new enterprises to speed up listing. Give play to the guiding role of the national SME development fund and drive social capital to increase investment.

  We will further improve the overseas service system for SMEs, run the SME Expo well, and build an international cooperation platform to help SMEs make good use of global resources and achieve win-win cooperation.

Laser solid-state synthesis of monoatomic catalyst

Written by | Liu Zhu (University of Manchester, UK)

Description | This article is contributed by the author (research group).

laserIt has always been considered as a very powerful tool for preparing nanoparticles, which can largely replace the traditional hydrothermal or solvothermal methods. In recent years, noble metal nanoparticles prepared by this method have played an increasingly important role in the field of catalysis because of their characteristics of no surfactant and single size.

In order to reduce the use of noble metal catalysts, more and more research has begun to improve the utilization rate of active sites of noble metal catalysts in various electrocatalytic reactions. When the size of nanoparticles is reduced to sub-nanometer or even atomic scale, almost 100% active sites can be fully utilized. However, it is very challenging to synthesize single atoms with the size less than two nanometers by laser liquid phase ablation, because it is difficult to effectively limit the nucleation and crystallization of metal atoms in liquid phase.

Previously, the research group of Professor Liu Zhu from the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, with Yudong Peng as the main research and development member, has successfully synthesized platinum nanoparticles with a diameter of 2nm on graphene oxide carriers and achieved high-performance electrocatalytic applications. The relevant experimental results have been published in (Advanced Functional Materials, 30, 2001756, 2020)。 In order to further reduce the particle size and achieve the ultimate goal of preparing monoatomic catalysts. Recently, Professor Liu Zhu’s research group reported for the first time the study of laser solid-state synthesis of monoatomic catalysts. In this study, the metal precursor and graphene oxide were simultaneously reduced by laser one-step treatment. The prepared platinum monoatomic catalyst showed ten times higher mass activity than commercial catalyst in hydrogen evolution reaction.

This article uses Laser solid-phase synthesis of single-atom catalysts Published for the title in Light: Science & Applications. The first author of this article is Peng Yudong and the correspondent Liu Zhu.

In this study, they first obtained the graphene oxide film with chloroplatinic acid precursor salt dispersed evenly on the graphene oxide sheet by suction filtration and freeze-drying, and then realized the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and chloroplatinic acid by laser irradiation in one step.

Fig. 1 Process diagram of synthesizing graphene supported monoatomic catalyst by laser irradiation.

In order to realize the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts, researchers have studied several influencing factors in the process. Graphene oxide has excellent hydrophilicity, which can make the metal precursor penetrate through the graphene sheet in the process of suction filtration and realize full wetting. The selection of metal precursors is also very important for the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts. In this work, researchers used HP TCL and PtCl? to pretreat graphene oxide respectively. The experimental results show that HP TCL can realize the uniform distribution of precursors on graphene oxide, while PtCl? is easy to aggregate on the carrier. The experimental results show that the electronegativity of metal precursors or their hydrolysates has an important influence on their binding on graphene oxide.

Subsequently, in order to limit the local concentration increase of metal precursors during drying, researchers used freeze-drying to dry graphene oxide pretreated by metal salts.

In order to verify the actual performance of laser irradiation for the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts, the researchers of this research group used 1064 nm nanosecond pulse laser and 355 nm picosecond pulse laser to irradiate the pretreated graphene oxide films at different energy densities.

For the traditional thermal cracking metal precursors and thermal reduction graphene oxide, the reduced metal precursors are easy to migrate and agglomerate on the carrier materials because of the slow process of heating and cooling. However, the high-speed movement of nanosecond and picosecond laser sources can achieve ultra-fast temperature rise and drop and significant photothermal effect. Under this technical characteristic, the movement of reduced metal atoms on the carrier is effectively restricted, and the reduction and graphitization of graphene thin films are effectively realized by laser with 1064nm wavelength. However, the 355nm wavelength laser is difficult to ensure the uniform reduction of graphene oxide films because of its shallow treatment depth and low stripping threshold for carbon materials.

Fig. 2 HAADF-STEM transmission electron microscope image shows isolated platinum atoms dispersed on graphene.

The prepared catalyst showed a low overpotential of 42.3mV when the current density was 10 mAcm in the hydrogen precipitation reaction, and its mass activity was ten times higher than that of the commercial platinum-carbon catalyst.

Fig. 3 The hydrogen evolution catalytic performance of laser synthesized platinum monoatomic catalyst and its comparison with commercial platinum carbon catalyst and similar platinum monoatomic catalyst produced by other methods reported in the literature.

Liu Jiaoshou said that in the process of combating climate change and achieving global carbon neutrality, catalysts are very critical and will play an irreplaceable role in some energy conversion and carbon neutrality reactions. In the field of laser synthesis of new materials, people have been trying to break the size limit of synthetic materials. The fast and universal laser solid-state synthesis method proposed by us at present has created a new record of laser preparation of monoatomic catalysts. It is hoped that this study will provide new ideas for the preparation of monoatomic catalysts and lay some foundations for the realization of roll-to-roll industrialization technologies. We will continue to explore more possibilities of laser technology in the preparation and application of monoatomic catalysts.

Paper information:

Peng, Y., Cao, J., Sha, Y. et al. Laser solid-phase synthesis of single-atom catalysts. Light Sci Appl 10, 168 (2021). 

Paper address:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00603-9

Intellectual property: improving quality and efficiency, and strictly examining authorization.

By the end of 2018, the number of invention patents per 10,000 population in China reached 11.5-
Intellectual property: improving quality and efficiency, and strictly examining authorization.

2018 is the 10th anniversary of the implementation of the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy, and it is also the year of the reform of intellectual property institutions, and China’s intellectual property protection has been comprehensively strengthened.

In the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property examination and strictly control the examination authorization; In-depth implementation of patent quality improvement project and trademark brand strategy, and vigorously cultivate high-value core patents and well-known brands; Severely crack down on abnormal patent applications, trademark hoarding and malicious registration.

The meeting of directors of the National Intellectual Property Office was held in Beijing on January 7th. This is the first national conference held after the reorganization of China National Intellectual Property Administration in 2018. Shen Changyu, director of China National Intellectual Property Administration, said that in 2018, China’s intellectual property protection will be comprehensively strengthened, and in 2019, the quality and efficiency of intellectual property examination will be improved, and the examination authority will be strictly controlled.

Ten years of implementation of intellectual property strategy has achieved remarkable results.

2018 is the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up, the 10th anniversary of the implementation of the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy, and the year of the reform of intellectual property institutions. Shen Changyu said that in 2018, China’s intellectual property protection was comprehensively strengthened. The the State Council executive meeting passed the amendment (draft) of the Patent Law, and the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) completed the first review of the draft, actively established a punitive damages system for infringement, and greatly increased the cost of infringement; Thirty-eight ministries and commissions jointly issued the Memorandum of Cooperation on Joint Punishment of Serious Breach of Trust Subjects in the Intellectual Property (Patent) field. At the same time, the Intellectual Property Office vigorously promoted the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, shortened the average review period of trademark registration to less than 6 months, and completed the annual target and task of the State Council 52 days ahead of schedule; The trial time of trademark rejection review cases was reduced to less than 7 months. The examination period of high-value patents is reduced by 10%.

At the same time, the Patent Agency Regulations have been revised and will be implemented on March 1, 2019. In 2018, the total patent fee was reduced by 5.86 billion yuan, and 3.357 million patent and trademark application materials were reduced. In 13 provinces, such as Hunan and Sichuan, pilot projects of intellectual property rights in integration of defense and civilian technologies were carried out, and matters such as acceptance of national defense patent applications, licensing filing and transfer approval were decentralized.

According to reports, the above measures have effectively promoted the development of intellectual property in China. By the end of 2018, the number of invention patents in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) reached 1.602 million, an increase of 18.1% year-on-year; The number of invention patents per 10,000 population reached 11.5. In 2018, the number of PCT international patent applications accepted was 55,000, a year-on-year increase of 9.0%. The number of valid trademarks registered in China (excluding foreign registrations in China and Madrid) reached 18.049 million, a year-on-year increase of 32.8%. In 2018, the number of applications for international registration of trademarks in Madrid exceeded 6,000, a year-on-year increase of more than 25%. A total of 2,380 geographical indication products were approved, and 4,867 geographical indication trademarks were registered. In 2018, patent administrative law enforcement handled 77,000 cases, a year-on-year increase of 15.9%, and investigated and dealt with 31,000 trademark violation cases, with a case value of 550 million yuan and a fine of 510 million yuan. In 2018, the total import and export of intellectual property royalties exceeded $35 billion.

Shen Changyu said that in 2019, China National Intellectual Property Administration will further improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property review. Focus on building a world-class examination institution, strengthen the construction of patent and trademark examiners, and continuously improve the examination business ability. Improve the review quality assurance system and business guidance system, and improve the quality management of "double supervision and double evaluation". To study policies and measures to improve utility models and designs. Explore ways to improve the review efficiency by improving the review mechanism. Collaborative use of centralized review, green channel, patent prosecution highway (PPH) and other review modes. In the whole year, the backlog of invention patent examination was reduced by more than 100,000 pieces, and the high-value patent examination cycle was compressed by more than 15% on the basis of 10% in 2018.

Intellectual property protection is more powerful after institutional integration.

In 2018, the Intellectual Property Office was reorganized, and trademarks and geographical indications were included in intellectual property rights, and intellectual property rights were transferred from science and technology to market supervision departments. According to Shen Changyu, the task of reforming national and provincial intellectual property institutions has been successfully completed, achieving centralized and unified management of trademarks, patents, geographical indications and integrated circuit layout designs, effectively improving management efficiency.

Zhang Mao, director of the State Administration of Market Supervision, believes that this adjustment means that intellectual property rights will play a more important role in maintaining fair competition market order.

Shen Changyu said that the intellectual property system, as an important component of the modern property rights system and the basic guarantee for innovation-driven development, plays an increasingly prominent role in the country’s economic and social development. "We should truly establish an efficient comprehensive management system for intellectual property rights through institutional reform, build a public service system for intellectual property rights that is convenient for the people, and explore the operating mechanism of intellectual property rights that supports innovation and development. In particular, we must accurately grasp the internal relationship between market supervision and intellectual property rights, promote the effective connection between intellectual property rights work and market supervision, and further highlight the market attributes of intellectual property rights.

It is reported that in the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will strengthen the creation of intellectual property rights, improve support policies, highlight quality orientation and dilute the number complex; Improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property review and strictly control the authorization of review; In-depth implementation of the patent quality improvement project and trademark brand strategy, and vigorously cultivate high-value core patents and well-known brands.

In 2019, China National Intellectual Property Administration will severely crack down on abnormal patent applications, trademark hoarding and malicious registration, implement the pre-supervision of abnormal applications screening, make a heavy effort to catch a number of typical cases, deal with them according to laws and regulations, and include relevant personnel and units in the list of dishonesty. Carry out the work of arranging idle trademarks and explore the formulation of regulatory measures. Carry out special rectification of intellectual property agency, and crack down on acts such as conducting patent agency business in violation of regulations, submitting a large number of abnormal patent applications, attaching the qualification certificate of agent, disrupting the order of trademark agency market, etc. Implement the memorandum of cooperation on joint punishment for serious dishonesty in the field of intellectual property rights (patents) and improve the joint punishment mechanism. (Reporter Yan Ying)

In 2019, Sichuan ecological environment bulletin released three key words to see the change of environmental quality.

June 5th is the 49th World Environment Day. The theme of this year’s China Environment Day is "Beautiful China, I am an actor". On the eve of World Environment Day, the Department of Ecology and Environment released the bulletin on the ecological environment of Sichuan Province in 2019.

Last year, our province took the lead in developing the "three lines and one list" of the strategic environmental assessment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China, and took the lead in passing the examination and acceptance of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment; Five cities with air quality standards were added, and Chengdu eliminated heavy pollution days for the first time; For the first time, the V-shaped sections with poor national and provincial assessments were completely eliminated, and the water environment quality reached the best level since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan …

The communique issued this time not only takes stock of the existing ecological environment quality in our province, but also analyzes and judges the future trend. What are the bright data in the communique? What changes are reflected behind it? The reporter conducted an interview.

A

The sky bluer

The rate of excellent days has steadily increased for four consecutive years.

Last year, our province officially put the improvement of atmospheric environmental quality in southern Sichuan and the control of air pollution in Chengdu Plain into the "No.1 Project" of environmental protection in the province, and implemented centralized attack. At present, the effect has begun to appear.

According to the communique, under the influence of adverse weather conditions, the number of days with good air quality in our province reached 89.1% last year, up 0.7 percentage points year-on-year. "This is the fourth consecutive year that the number of days with good air quality in our province has steadily increased since the implementation of the new air quality monitoring standard in 2016." Zhao Lechen, chief engineer of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said.

In addition, last year, our province added five cities with air quality standards, namely Suining, Ya ‘an, Ziyang, Guang ‘an and Neijiang. Together with Ganzi, Aba, Liangshan, Bazhong, Panzhihua and Guangyuan, the number of cities with air quality standards in our province has reached 11, achieving the goal of more than half of the total number of cities with air quality standards one year ahead of schedule.

"The heavily polluted weather in the province has been significantly reduced." Yan Xuejun, director of the Atmospheric Department of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that last year Chengdu eliminated heavily polluted weather for the first time. In the winter of 2016, there was heavy pollution weather in Chengdu Plain for two consecutive weeks.

The joint prevention and control of air pollution prevention and control has been deepened. Last year, focusing on Chengdu Plain, southern Sichuan and other areas, our province implemented five major projects of "emission reduction, coal suppression, vehicle control, dust suppression and straw control", and continuously strengthened joint prevention and control of air pollution. In April this year, the Department of Ecology and Environment also signed the Agreement on Deepening the Joint Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Sichuan and Chongqing with the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, which will highlight the coordinated prevention and control of mobile source pollution, PM2.5 and ozone pollution, so as to increase the number of excellent days in the two places and reduce the concentration of PM2.5, and continuously improve the ability and level of air pollution control.

According to the agreement, from June to December this year, Sichuan and Chongqing will carry out one or two times of air pollution prevention and control linkage assistance guidance and inspection and law enforcement for key industrial pollution sources, traffic pollution prevention and control, open burning control, polluted weather response, forecasting and early warning.

"Next, all localities should strengthen regional cooperation and joint prevention and control, and continue to maintain the prevention and control of air pollution, with the same direction and standards, so that the people of the province can enjoy more blue sky." Zhao Lechen said.

B

Water is more clear

The excellent rate of water quality in the national examination section reached a new high

Last year, our province formulated ten river basin pollution prevention and control plans, and supervised 23 key small river basins by listing. The excellent and good water quality rate of 87 national examination sections was 96.6%, up 8.0 percentage points year-on-year. For the first time, the national and provincial assessment inferior V sections were completely eliminated, and the water environment quality reached the best level since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan.

Behind the record high quality of water environment is the continuous improvement of water pollution prevention and control system in our province.

Rui Yongfeng, director of the Water Ecological Environment Division of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that last year, our province promoted the promulgation of the Regulations on Water Environmental Protection in the Tuojiang River Basin of Sichuan Province. This is the first time that our province has legislated for a separate river basin to promote pollution control regulations, and established a positive incentive and reverse restraint mechanism to reward compliance, encourage improvement and punish deterioration, which also marks that the water environment protection work in Tuojiang River basin has entered the legal track.

The data shows that the water quality in the Tuojiang River Basin was greatly improved last year. Among the 16 national examination sections, 15 were excellent, accounting for 93.8%, up 31.3 percentage points year-on-year. "After gnawing this’ hard bone’, we have more confidence in water control." Yan Yongfeng said.

The move does not stop there. Last year, the Fujiang River Basin was included in the scope of special law enforcement inspection for the first time in our province, and together with Minjiang River and Tuojiang River, it was the top priority of water pollution prevention and control in our province. Three rounds of special law enforcement inspections in one and a half months finally found 396 environmental problems. After all of them were handed over to the local government for timely treatment, the water pollution problem around a large number of people was solved.

Monitoring efforts are constantly increasing. It is understood that last year, our province integrated the monitoring sites of eight departments, including natural resources and water conservancy, forming a network of ecological environment monitoring in the province, of which more than 10,000 were water environment monitoring sites.

Taking the Qiongjiang River Basin as an example, in 2019, our province will monitor every ten days, and basically achieve full coverage of the monitoring points of the first-class tributaries and the second-class tributaries that affect the water quality of Qiongjiang River. "Through these measures, we have identified the crux of pollution. Accurate pollution control has also been strongly supported. " The relevant person in charge of the Department of Ecology and Environment said.

C

The scenery is more beautiful

Demonstration of ecological civilization and taking a new path

According to the communique, last year, jinniu district, Dayi County, Baoxing County of Ya ‘an City and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County of Mianyang City were named as the third batch of national demonstration counties for ecological civilization construction by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Daocheng County of Ganzi Prefecture was named as the third batch of national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases.

So far, 12 counties and districts in our province have built national demonstration counties and districts of ecological civilization construction and national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases, including 9 national demonstration counties and districts of ecological civilization construction and 3 national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases, ranking sixth in the country and first in the western region.

Zhong Wang, director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that our province has initially formed a multi-level construction system combining point with area, and created a number of vivid cases of ecological civilization construction and the practice of "two mountains".

For example, Hongya County strives to build a health and wellness industry demonstration zone, an eco-industrial demonstration zone, and a green organic agricultural product demonstration zone, and promotes the transformation of forest areas into scenic spots, farmhouses into hostels, and villagers into investors; Nanjiang county has established the strategic orientation of "establishing an ecological county, strengthening a county by cultural tourism, rising green and achieving a well-off society at the same time", and through the continuous accumulation and realization of ecological assets, it has achieved poverty alleviation and prosperity; Jiuzhaigou county has continuously developed and expanded the eco-tourism industry, and has embarked on an eco-economic development road of transforming ecological advantages into economic advantages.

It is driven by the above-mentioned "leading counties" that the ecological environment of counties in our province reached a new level last year-among 183 counties (cities, districts), there were 177 counties (cities, districts) with "excellent" and "good" ecological environment, accounting for 96.7% of the number of counties. Among them, there are 43 counties (cities, districts) with excellent ecological environment and 134 counties (cities, districts) with good ecological environment. (Reporter   Yin Peng)

Huafa was born early? Three secrets to make white hair "late"

  Editor’s note: Although people have various skin care products, there are still many people who are born early at a young age. What causes this phenomenon? Is there any way to prevent premature birth of white hair? People’s Health Network launched the column "Know early and know early", which is designed to collect and sort out the health knowledge that you usually ignore and be your health think tank. Today, I will tell you about those things with white hair.

  White hair is born early. Why?

  Nowadays, although people have various kinds of skin care products, there are still many people who have white hair at a young age, and those who have premature hair are everywhere. This is because few people can ensure adequate sleep and good sleep quality, and white hair is the result of yin injury under such a lifestyle.

  For the treatment of white hair, many people hope for blood-enriching and yin-nourishing drugs, such as Lycium barbarum, Polygonum multiflorum, black sesame and walnut, but few of them are effective. Why? It’s not that the medical principles of these drugs are wrong, but that the time is wrong, and it’s too late to replenish blood and nourish yin.

  White hair is the result of deficiency of yin and blood, and the stress of life and mental stress lead to excessive heart fire, which directly consumes yin and blood. When the yin and blood are already deficient, it is necessary to replenish yin and nourish blood, at most, to reduce or slow down the growth rate and quantity of white hair. It is more difficult to pull back the result of deficiency of yin and blood. What’s more, if you are eating blood-enriching and yin-nourishing drugs, you will be black and white and stay up all night, and you will not be guaranteed.

  Another reason is that the onset time of drugs for tonifying yin and nourishing blood is slower than that of drugs for tonifying yang and invigorating qi, because "yin" is a "fixed asset", and it takes time to replenish yin and nourish blood, which is equivalent to "building a great project" in the body, so Chinese medicine says, "Yang can be replenished urgently, but Yin cannot be born quickly". Therefore, in order to curb the consequences of yin-blood deficiency and let the body rest fully in the "closed" season in autumn and winter, sleep is the best way to replenish yin.

  Worry, excessive white hair, early appearance

  Modern medicine believes that excessive anxiety, panic, fright and mental fatigue will make the blood vessels supplying hair nutrition spasm, which will hinder the function of secreting melanin and lead to white hair. For example, people often encounter this situation in their lives. When their careers are not smooth, or their families die, or they are seriously ill, they will grow a lot of white hair in a short time, or even all their hair will turn white in a short time. This is actually caused by the influence of emotions.

  Emotional depression or excessive anxiety will lead to liver depression and qi stagnation, which will lead to disharmony between qi and blood, and lead to blood turning white without nourishing hair. This kind of people are usually accompanied by dry mouth and throat, indigestion, chest tightness and abdominal distension, etc., especially for middle-aged people with greater stress.

  Do a few things to prevent white hair

  First of all, stay optimistic and avoid excessive mental stimulation, because optimistic and open-minded mood is very important to prevent premature gray hair.

  Secondly, a reasonable diet is closely related to hair health. Usually, we should eat more fresh vegetables, and the diet is light and diversified, so as to overcome the bad habits such as partial eclipse and balance the nutrition in the body, so as to achieve the effect of diet therapy to prevent gray hair. You can also eat some nourishing foods, such as walnuts, sesame seeds, fungus, etc., to help hair grow. At the beginning of signs of white hair, you can take some traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying the kidney, such as flushing Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. for tea.

  Thirdly, scalp massage can promote blood circulation and improve the supply of head nutrition. You can comb your hair with a comb, or rub your hair with your hands and fingers, once a day in the morning and evening, once a time & mdash; Two minutes.

  What’s wrong with white hair growing in different positions?

  White hair on forehead: mostly spleen and stomach disorders. In Huangdi Neijing, it is pointed out that "women’s May 7th, Yangming pulse declines, the face begins to burn, and the hair begins to fall". The forehead belongs to Yangming, and Yangming is mainly related to the spleen and stomach. Yangming declines and turns white. In fact, there is something wrong with the spleen and stomach. Yangming governs qi and blood, so be careful not to stay up late during conditioning to avoid hurting qi and blood.

  Young people are full of qi and blood, and they can recover quickly after staying up late, but in their thirties and forties, it is difficult to recover after staying up late again. It is not as good as going to bed an hour early during the day. Going to bed before 11 o’clock at night can help hide essence and blood and keep you energetic.

  White hair on the temples: or liver and gallbladder deficiency. The temples, that is, the parts near the ears, are mainly related to gallbladder. Because the liver and gallbladder are both exterior and interior, it is also related to the liver. The liver holds blood, so the long white hair on the temples is mainly due to insufficient blood. At the same time, we should pay attention to invigorating qi, such as eating red dates to strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, or drinking millet porridge, because qi can produce blood, promote blood circulation and dissolve blood, and when qi is replenished, blood will rise.

  White hair on the top of the head and back of the head: caused by deficiency of kidney qi. The top of the head is where the Du Meridian and Ren Meridian pass, and Ren Meridian has the closest relationship with the kidney. White hair grows on the top of the head, mostly due to insufficient kidney qi. The part of the back of the head is near Renmai, which is naturally related to the kidney. People with white hair on the top of their heads and back of their heads should not only replenish qi and blood, but also pay attention to tonifying the kidney. Usually, they can eat more medlar and black sesame seeds.

  It is unhealthy to cover white hair with hair dye, which is not recommended.

  In the face of white hair, some citizens choose to dye their hair, either by dyeing black hair to cover it, or by dyeing it in color, which is fashionable.

  Chen Long, Deputy Chief Physician of Dermatology Department of Wuhan First Hospital, suggested that it is ok to dye your hair occasionally when you need it for work and entertainment, or during holidays, which can enhance your personal image. However, long-term hair dyeing is not recommended, because the hair dye contains heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and p-phenylenediamine, which not only damages the scalp, but also may damage organs such as liver and kidney, which is not good for health.

  The more white hair is pulled out? Rumor, unreliable

  In the face of white hair, many citizens choose to pull it out, but folk rumors say that if one white hair is pulled out and three are long, the more it will be pulled out. To this end, many citizens are always worried when they pull out their white hair.

  Chen Long introduced that white hair won’t grow more and more. After pulling out the white hair, the hair follicle is temporarily empty and will grow back after a while. But the surrounding hair follicles will not be affected, and the number of white hair and black hair will not change.

  Pulling out white hair frequently will have a certain chance of destroying hair follicles and causing infection. This is not recommended.

  Can white hair turn black? It’s difficult, so it’s recommended to focus on prevention.

  In the face of white hair, it can neither be pulled out nor dyed. How can we maintain a young appearance? On the Internet, many folk remedies and secret recipes that can be called "white hair turns black" are circulated everywhere. Are these prescriptions reliable?

  In this regard, Chen Long said with regret that if it is white hair caused by aging, it is a normal physiological process, and the possibility of reversibility is very small. Genetic "less white hair" is almost irreversible. If it is caused by nutrition, psychological reasons or chronic diseases, it may gradually recover when the physical condition gets better.

  Therefore, in order to reduce white hair, citizens may wish to do a good job of prevention to avoid the immune disorder caused by overwork and irregular life, thus giving birth to white hair early. Keep enough sleep, exercise properly and eat more foods that tonify qi and blood, such as black beans, fungus and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

  Increase of white hair, scrapingScraping floating white point

  Fubai point is a commonly used experience point for treating white hair. It is located at the top of the head and behind the mastoid behind the ear, and it is the point on the gallbladder meridian of foot shaoyang, which can clear away heat and dampness, soothe the liver and benefit the gallbladder, replenish essence and tonify the kidney. When the hyperactivity of liver yang reaches the top of the head, the blood supply to the head will be impaired, so that the hair follicles can not be nourished by liver blood. Scraping or pressing Fubai point can dredge the head meridians, clear liver and purge fire. In addition, the liver meridian and the gallbladder meridian are intertwined and belong to each other, and the floating white point is on the gallbladder meridian, and the excess gas of the liver is diarrhea in the gallbladder. Scraping is a purgative method. Scraping and wiping the floating white point can penetrate evil, clear the liver and benefit the gallbladder.

  Treating white hair is good for men, women and children.

  Old white hair, mostly caused by kidney essence loss, generally increases gradually from a few roots, often accompanied by dizziness, insomnia and dreaminess, tinnitus and deafness, weakness of waist and knees, mental fatigue and other symptoms. It is recommended for this kind of people to drink Erhei porridge often: 50 grams of black sesame, 150 grams of black beans, 30 grams of medlar and 5 walnuts, and the right amount of rice, which can make up for the deficiency of kidney.

  Women’s white hair, mostly caused by liver blood deficiency, is often accompanied by symptoms such as dull face, less menstrual flow and pale color. Usually, they can eat more foods that tonify liver and blood, such as animal liver, donkey-hide gelatin, jujube and spinach. In addition, you can also try the method of soaking black beans in vinegar: wash black beans and put them in a jar, pour rice vinegar into them and immerse them in the shade for 10 days before use. Black beans are dark and rich in anthocyanins. Rice vinegar can dissolve the effective components. This prescription has a certain curative effect on white hair when taken orally or externally, and can also avoid the damage of hair dye to the liver, especially suitable for women.

  There may be three reasons for juvenile gray hair, one is congenital deficiency of kidney essence, the other is liver depression and qi stagnation, and excessive anxiety. The third is excessive blood heat, and its hair is mixed with black and white, accompanied by symptoms such as scalp itching, dandruff increase, and restlessness. Massage is recommended for this kind of people to improve: before going to bed and after getting up in the morning, rub your hands, rub your scalp repeatedly with your fingertips from your forehead to your back pillow, and then from your back pillow to your forehead. You can also press a little hard for a while, 5-10 minutes each time, which can promote the blood circulation of your scalp, improve the nutrition of hair follicles and prevent hair from turning white.

  Male gray hair is mostly caused by kidney essence loss or liver qi stagnation, so we should avoid overwork or smoking. Under the guidance of doctors, we can choose Liuwei Dihuang Pill, Huanshaodan, Zuogui Pill and Guilu Erxian Glue as appropriate for conditioning.

  Zhao Yan, an associate professor at the School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, said that white hair does not happen overnight, and it takes time to take medicine, diet, massage and health care, and black hair can only be restored after qi and blood are filled. The use of drugs should also be carried out under the guidance of doctors or pharmacists. (People’s Health Network Comprehensive Life Times, Beijing Morning Post, Wuhan Morning Post,)

Have you stepped on these pits? —— Take stock of the top ten rumors of health in 2019

  Xinhuanet Beijing December 31 ST (Wang Xi) In the Internet age, information dissemination efficiency is high, and rumors are running faster and faster. Among them, health topics have always been among the best in the rumor list, and friends circle and WeChat group are the hardest hit areas of rumors. If you blindly listen to these rumors, it is likely to damage the health of yourself and your family. In 2019, there were fresh "new rumors" and aged "old rumors".

  At the end of the year, Xinhuanet Health Channel took stock of the top ten health rumors in 2019 to help you polish your eyes and protect your health.

  [Proverbs 1] E-cigarettes are harmless to health and help to quit smoking.

  This year is the "hot year" for e-cigarettes, which has a popular trend among young people. There is a "marketing rhetoric" saying that e-cigarettes can help smokers quit smoking, and e-cigarettes and their second-hand smoke are not harmful to health, environmental protection and lungs.

  Rumor:E-cigarettes can’t stop smoking. The amount of harmful components released by e-cigarettes is relatively less than that of traditional cigarettes, which does not mean that e-cigarettes are harmless. E-cigarettes also contain nicotine. People who really have nicotine dependence (smoking addiction) need to quit smoking because of nicotine dependence. From a scientific point of view, the use of e-cigarettes is only the embodiment of smokers’ self-comfort.

  Smoking is directly related to the occurrence of chronic diseases. The chronic diseases caused by smoking include lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, etc., and e-cigarettes are no exception. Many domestic and foreign studies have proved that e-cigarettes inhibit human immune system more than traditional cigarettes, significantly increasing the risk of disease. Both electronic cigarettes and traditional tobacco products will increase the risk of lung radiation, and long-term large-scale accumulation will probably lead to cancer.

  [Proverbs 2] It is unhealthy to advocate a low-salt diet.

  In September 2019, a foreign video titled "Anyone who suggests a low-salt diet should be sent to prison" was circulated on the Internet. According to the video, people who advocate a low-salt diet are tantamount to "murderers" and should all be put in prison. The argument given by the "experts" in the video is that gastric acid is produced from salt, which can promote digestion, and a low-salt diet may lead to gluten allergy.

  Rumor:It is wrong to say that gastric acid is not produced without salt. The main component of gastric acid is hydrogen chloride, and gastric acid is not secreted because of salt intake.

  Gluten is a kind of protein, which exists in the processed products with grain as raw material. After people with gluten allergy ingest gluten, it will cause serious gastrointestinal reaction, which will make the small intestine unable to absorb nutrients. Gluten allergy occurs in the small intestine, probably because the patient carries a specific gene, which is not directly related to gastric acid secretion and low-salt diet.

  For most people in Chinese, due to their eating habits, it is really necessary to pay attention to salt control. According to a new study released by Queen Mary College of University of London in 2019, the average daily salt intake of adults in China in the past 40 years was more than 10 grams, more than twice the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, and much higher than the recommended amount of adult salt less than 6 grams per day in the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016). In the State Council’s Opinions on Implementing Healthy China Action released this year, China clearly proposed to encourage the whole society to participate in reducing salt. At present, the dietary proposal of controlling salt "less than 6 grams" is based on the fact that residents generally have too high salt intake.

  Although salt control is encouraged, it should not be excessively controlled. Long-term low-salt diet will also pose a potential threat of hyponatremia.

  [Proverbs 3] Painless childbirth has a great influence on the fetus.

  In August, 2019, National Health Commission announced that painless delivery would be piloted in 913 hospitals across the country. The analgesic technique of intraspinal delivery adopted in pilot hospitals has an analgesic efficiency of over 95%. In China, painless delivery has not been well popularized, and there are some conceptual reasons besides the shortage of anesthesiologists. There is a kind of folk opinion that painless delivery has a great influence on the fetus and should not be used as much as possible.

  Rumor:Painless delivery is to inject anesthetic drugs into the spinal canal, thus blocking nerve conduction and achieving the purpose of relieving pain. The anesthetic drugs will basically not enter the child’s body. The dosage used in painless delivery is extremely low, which is only 1/10-1/20 of that of cesarean section, so the probability of entering the maternal blood and passing through the placenta is very small, which has little impact on the fetus and generally does not affect the baby’s brain health. Ou Shan, director of the Anesthesiology Department of Chengdu First People’s Hospital, said that short-term exposure to anesthesia did not affect the physiological development of children at all.

  Painless delivery is a drug intervention, although it has little impact on the fetus, but there is still the possibility of adverse reactions. The common complications of painless delivery are hypotension, headache, backache and so on, but the serious life-threatening complications are rare. Common adverse reactions are mainly manifested in the impact on the labor process and placental blood supply. Therefore, qualified and experienced anesthesiologists are needed to operate, and obstetricians and anesthesiologists need to monitor the maternal situation together during the whole delivery process.

  Whether pregnant women can give birth without pain needs to be examined and evaluated by obstetricians and anesthesiologists, and the doctors will jointly decide whether they can give birth without pain. If they have a history of pregnancy complicated with heart disease, drug allergy and waist trauma, they should tell the doctor in time. As long as there are no obstetric and anesthetic contraindications, painless delivery can be carried out within the basic normal range by checking platelet and coagulation function.

  [Proverbs 4] Depression is not a disease, but too melodramatic.

  This year, several celebrity suicides caused great repercussions on the Internet, pushing depression back to the public’s view. In the discussion about depression on the Internet, there are always some views that "depression is just a poor psychological endurance", "depression is too melodramatic" and "when you encounter some difficulties, you will pull it on depression".

  Rumor:Depression is a common mental illness in today’s society. Its typical symptoms are persistent depression, difficulty in concentration, memory loss and insomnia, which may seriously lead to suicide.

  As a mental illness, depression has a biological basis, not a "heart disease" or a personality problem. According to Professor Si Tianmei, director of the Psychopharmacology Research Office of the Sixth Hospital of Peking University, neurons in the brain are connected by synapses, which are regulated by neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine and 5- hydroxytryptamine. Studies have shown that the level and function of these neurotransmitters are disordered in some special brain regions of patients with depression, and patients show corresponding symptoms such as anxiety, depression, sleep disorder or lack of interest.

  Depression is different from depression. Depression is mainly treated with drugs, supplemented by behavioral therapy. Taking drugs on time and in quantity is the basis of treating depression. Depression will affect patients’ study, work, life and social interaction to varying degrees, and patients themselves cannot control their pain through willpower. Therefore, we should not blame or question patients with depression, but should increase efforts to spread depression and its treatment, treat depression correctly, and care for patients with depression.

  [Proverbs 5] Washing blood can beautify.

  In February 2019, a medical beauty project called "blood washing" was heated up. This project is to extract a certain amount of blood from the body, inject ozone into the blood, and then return it to the body. Merchants claim that such an operation can achieve the effects of "purifying" blood, detoxifying and caring skin, and preventing cancer. The dark red blood extracted from the body turns bright red after injecting ozone, which is proof that the blood is purified.

  deny/refute/spike a rumourThere is no scientific basis for "blood-washing" beauty beauty, and there are serious security risks. Beauty salons change the color of blood from dark red to bright red by injecting ozone into the blood, which is called blood purification. However, when people breathe normally, the blood will change from dark red to bright red, and there is no need to inject ozone at all. "Blood washing" in beauty salons uses a method similar to hemodialysis, which requires very high safety operation and easily leads to virus infections such as AIDS and syphilis.

  In the face of the emerging medical and aesthetic projects, we should be cautious and not believe in the so-called "new therapies" and "new technologies" so as to cause physical damage.

  [Proverbs 6] "Cervical erosion" can lead to cervical cancer

  "Cervical erosion" without treatment will lead to infertility, abortion and cervical cancer, which is also an enduring old rumor. "Cervical erosion" was once a "disease" that troubled many women. Women who go for physical examination are often diagnosed with cervical erosion. With the progress of science, "cervical erosion" is a word that should be swept into the garbage dump of medical history.

  deny/refute/spike a rumourZhang Dai, chief physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Peking University Hospital, said that "cervical erosion" means that when we look at the cervical area with naked eyes, there are signs of local redness, but in fact, this "redness" is only a multi-layered squamous epithelium transformed into a single-layered columnar epithelium, thus showing a red effect, which is a normal physiological phenomenon. The so-called "cervical erosion" is just a kind of cell that doesn’t look good, occupying most of the cervix.

  For women of childbearing age, the state of "cervical erosion" is more likely to appear because of the influence of hormone levels in the body.

  Before 2008, the unified textbook "Obstetrics and Gynecology" for medical students in China regarded cervical erosion as a standard disease symptom, with complete clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment methods; However, in the new edition of Gynecology and Obstetrics in 2008, the name of "cervical erosion" was explicitly cancelled and replaced by the physiological phenomenon of "cervical columnar epithelium heterotopia".

  There is no direct relationship between "cervical erosion" and "cervical cancer", but "cervical cancer" usually occurs at the junction of cervical columnar epithelium and squamous epithelium. The persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the culprit of "cervical cancer", and it is impossible to judge whether you have cancer from the degree of "cervical erosion".

  "Cervical cancer" or precancerous lesions can be manifested as "cervical erosion", but only the symptoms of "erosion" caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection will develop into cervical cancer. When the symptoms of "cervical erosion" appear, you should go to the hospital for corresponding examination in time. If it is determined to be "cervical erosion", that is, "cervical columnar epithelial ectopic", there is no need to worry. What needs to be paid attention to is the screening of "cervical cancer". Once cervical precancerous lesions or early canceration that look like "cervical erosion" are found, they need to be dealt with immediately without delay.

  [Proverbs 7] Freshly squeezed juice is more nutritious than fruit.

  When it comes to freshly squeezed juice, most people will think of keywords such as "freshness", "nutrition" and "health". In 2019, freshly squeezed juice products and drink shops are still popular. Many merchants use various fancy marketing words to claim that freshly squeezed juice is more conducive to the absorption of nutrients and has richer nutritional value than fresh fruit.

  deny/refute/spike a rumourFrom a nutritional point of view, freshly squeezed juice is too fine and filters out a lot of dietary fiber. Fruit is in a solid state and needs to be chewed, with strong satiety and slow gastric emptying; Fruit juice is in a liquid state, so it doesn’t need to be chewed, and it feels poor satiety. Its emptying speed in the stomach is very fast, and its absorption speed in the intestine is also very fast, which will also make blood sugar rise much faster, which is very unfavorable for controlling blood sugar and weight.

  A fruit can squeeze about 60 ml of juice, and drinking a cup of 200 ml of pure juice is equivalent to eating three fruits, which is equivalent to greatly concentrating the sugar in the fruit. Eating too much sugar will increase the risk of obesity, and then increase the risk of a series of chronic diseases related to obesity, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and so on.

  In addition, the color of freshly squeezed fruit juice is getting darker and darker after a period of time, because the fruit is rich in potassium and antioxidants (vitamin C and β -carotene, cellulose and other substances, the blade of the juicer will destroy the cell structure of the fruit, so that the polyphenols in the fruit will react with phenol oxidase, and the oxidase will quickly catalyze the oxidation of colorless polyphenols to generate colored "quinones". Therefore, the original antioxidant capacity of the juice produced by the blade will be reduced by half or more.

  Drinking freshly squeezed fruit juice should ensure fresh ingredients, control intake, and try to eat fresh fruit directly, which can ensure dietary fiber and more comprehensive nutrition.

  [Proverbs 8] Sweating with fever can reduce fever.

  One of the common ways to deal with fever among the people is to cover a thick quilt and make you sweat, which is usually called "covering your sweat" or "sweating". In January 2019, during the peak period of influenza, experts from the national influenza medical treatment expert group suggested that the pursuit of sweating should not be blindly used during the fever period.

  Rumor:Some people say that the fever did come down after sweating all over. In fact, sweating is the result of fever, not the cause of fever. When you have a fever, your body temperature changes through three stages: temperature rising period, chills or chills; During the duration of high fever, fever is caused by the rapid increase of white blood cells in the body in order to swallow bacteria, and the increase of oxygen consumption causes the body temperature to rise. After the body temperature rises to a peak, the fever will last for a period of time, during which the energy consumption is high, the mouth is dry and the whole body is hot; Hypothermia, sweating and heat dissipation, and moist skin.

  Yan Hui, deputy chief physician of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Peking University First Hospital, pointed out that "covering the quilt" can’t make children recover faster. After taking the medicine, the body sweats and needs to dissipate heat and replenish water in time. At this time, children are prone to dehydration due to sweating and lack of water supply. For infants with weak constitution, the language expression ability is not in place. When the child is found to have a fever, it is generally close to or in the duration of high fever. At this time, covering it tightly will affect heat dissipation, which will lead to a clinical disease that belongs to infants — — Heat syndrome.

  When you have a fever, the correct way is not to wear too many clothes, not to cover too thick a quilt, to ensure that your body can fully dissipate heat and drink more warm water.

  [Proverbs 9] MSG is toxic, carcinogenic and alopecia-causing.

  Many people have heard from their elders since childhood that eating too much monosodium glutamate is bad for their health and may even cause cancer. The saying that monosodium glutamate is harmful has been circulating for many years. In November 2019, there was an opinion on the Internet that monosodium glutamate was "toxic" and that monosodium glutamate would suddenly cause cancer when it exceeded 100℃, which would lead to hair loss and so on.

  Rumor:Du Jingming, an associate researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that monosodium glutamate, a crystal crystallized from grain, is a natural substance produced by glutamic acid bacteria fermentation. Many natural foods contain sodium glutamate. In China, monosodium glutamate is mostly prepared from corn starch, rice and other grains through fermentation, extraction and refining. These natural foods and grains are non-toxic and harmless, and sodium glutamate, which meets international standards, is naturally non-toxic and harmless. The joint expert group of food additives of the World Health Organization has proved that monosodium glutamate is safe from various tests such as acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, chronic acute toxicity, teratogenicity and sudden variability.

  There is no corresponding theoretical and experimental data to support the claim that monosodium glutamate causes alopecia.

  Like salt, monosodium glutamate and sodium glutamate in chicken essence contain sodium, and excessive intake of sodium will lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension. Therefore, we should control monosodium glutamate like salt intake. The dietary guidelines for Chinese residents advocate that the daily salt consumption per person should be less than 6g, but the actual intake is generally about 10g. If sodium in monosodium glutamate is added, it will be more. The European Food Safety Agency has adopted a safety factor of 100 times, and set a new safe intake for glutamic acid and its salts, that is, 30mg per kilogram of body weight, which is equivalent to 1.8g per day for adults weighing 60 kilograms.

  In our daily diet, we need to refer to the following rules when eating monosodium glutamate:

  1. Avoid high temperature. Studies have shown that when the temperature is too high, monosodium glutamate will turn into sodium pyroglutamate, which is non-toxic, but the umami flavor is no longer there.

  2. Avoid excessive consumption. Some varieties of monosodium glutamate contain many sodium salts.

  3. Avoid repeated use. Natural ingredients such as fish, eggs, mushrooms and water bamboo will produce umami flavor at the same time during the cooking process, and there is no need to add monosodium glutamate to adjust the freshness.

  [Proverbs 10] Honey can detoxify and beautify.

  Drinking honey water can detoxify and nourish the face, which has become the slogan of many honey sellers. In 2019, there are still many health platforms and online articles saying that drinking honey water can detoxify and nourish the face, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis to achieve the effect of relaxing bowels, and can relieve alcoholism.

  Rumor:The main components of honey are fructose and glucose, and it also contains 20% water, a certain amount of vitamins, minerals, protein, organic acids, enzymes, etc., but these elements are less than 1%. Eating honey can only increase the body’s calories and sugar, and it is impossible to detoxify. The efficacy of honey mentioned on the Internet is too exaggerated. After being digested by gastric acid, the enzymes in honey often lose their activity.

  Some people think that drinking honey water can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis. In fact, this happens only to people who are intolerant of fructose. People with "fructose intolerance" constitution have slow intestinal absorption ability. After eating honey, fructose can stay in the intestine for a longer time, more water will enter the intestinal cavity, and the stool volume will increase, which can play a laxative effect on this group of people. In addition, when drinking honey, you also drink a lot of water. Drinking more water also plays a role in increasing the volume of stool and stimulating the gastrointestinal tract. For most people, honey can’t have a laxative effect.

  Honey can’t sober up. The fructose contained in honey can accelerate the metabolism of ethanol in alcohol, but alcohol is metabolized in human body to produce acetaldehyde, which is the main substance that leads to drunkenness. Fructose only reduces the concentration of alcohol in blood and relieves the acute damage of ethanol to the central system, and there is nothing to do with acetaldehyde, which is more harmful.

  (Source: Science and Technology Daily, Xinhuanet, China Internet Rumor Platform, China Association for Science and Technology Popular Science China Official Platform, China Women’s Daily, Yangguang. com)