标签： 阿拉 后花园 上海

　　On December 16, 2017, candidates waited and prepared for the exam outside the CET-4 and CET-6 test center of Shandong Liaocheng University. Photo by Gu Hetian Qi/Bright Picture/vision china

　　On April 12th, the China English Proficiency Scale (hereinafter referred to as the Scale), the first English proficiency assessment standard for Chinese English learners, was issued by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission and officially implemented on June 1st, 2018.

　　Three sections and nine grades: building a multi-level ability index system

　　Guided by the use of language, the scale divides the English proficiency of Chinese English learners from low to high into three stages: foundation, improvement and proficiency, with nine levels, and gives a comprehensive, clear and informative description of the ability characteristics of each level.

　　According to Jiang Gang, director of the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education, in order to make the scale conform to China’s national conditions and teaching conditions, the determination of three sections and nine grades is based on the results of empirical research on 160,000 teachers and students in 28 provinces, more than 1,500 schools across the country, with reference to the existing curriculum standards, syllabus and examination syllabus, as well as the analysis of social needs.

　　There are 86 competency tables in the scale, including 1 language proficiency table, 8 sub-skill tables, 8 self-evaluation tables and 69 sub-skill tables. The reporter saw that the competency matrix includes the language competency matrix, as well as the skills matrix in eight aspects: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, oral expression, written expression, structural ability, pragmatic ability, interpretation ability and translation ability. Among them, the translation and interpretation proficiency scale fills the gap that the language proficiency scale at home and abroad has not included translation competence.

　　When explaining this multi-level ability index system, Liu Jianda, vice president of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and a member of the expert group on the construction of foreign language ability evaluation system, said: "The scale describes the continuous state of English ability, and every English learner and user can find their own position." The scale is described in a "can do" way. For example, the language proficiency summary describes "level 1" as "being able to understand simple language materials that are very familiar in daily life, identify basic information about related activities or things around you, and understand the meaning of basic words. You can communicate with others in basic and short words, greet each other, introduce or describe each other, state the basic information of things around you, and show your attitude, sometimes with the help of non-verbal means such as repetition or gestures and expressions. "

　　Wang Shouren, a professor at Nanjing University and chairman of the College Foreign Language Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education, said: "The formulation of the scale has the characteristics of foundation, guidance and integration."

　　"Equal Quantity and Balance": Breaking Different Examination Barriers

　　It is understood that there are the following problems in China’s current foreign language examinations: First, there are many existing foreign language examinations with different standards, the concept of examination level is unclear, and the scores of different examinations are incomparable, which is not conducive to users’ understanding and use, and is not conducive to promoting scientific talent selection. Second, the content of the examination is not comprehensive, and the positive orientation of the examination to foreign language teaching is insufficient. There is a lack of effective connection between the examinations of various academic periods, and there are cases of repeated contents or broken files. These are not conducive to promoting the coherent and orderly development of teaching, and are not conducive to the improvement of teaching effectiveness. Third, the international recognition of foreign language examinations in China is not high, which is not conducive to improving the level of internationalization of education.

　　"The goal of the foreign language proficiency assessment system is to change the situation that the existing examinations are incomplete, unsystematic and unconnected, and to establish a foreign language proficiency assessment standard and examination system with China characteristics, international standards and multiple functions, so as to better serve the scientific selection of talents, serve the development of foreign language education and teaching, and promote the improvement of students’ comprehensive foreign language ability." Jiang Gang said.

　　As the core task of the construction of foreign language assessment system, the formulation of the scale aims at providing a scientific ability index system and an accurate ability scale for various English tests, giving play to the role of "balancing quantity with quantity", making the test design more comprehensive and systematic, making the test scores comparable, providing a basis for the communication and mutual recognition of different learning achievements, promoting the convergence of different learning segments and promoting the coherent and orderly development of foreign language education.

　　In terms of English assessment, Han Baocheng, a professor at Beijing Foreign Studies University and a member of the expert group on the construction of foreign language proficiency assessment system, commented: "The scale can improve the quality of exams, promote the docking and mutual recognition of domestic and foreign exams, and promote the development of multiple assessments." Specifically, it provides a scientific ability evaluation standard for the content design, test question system, marking and performance report of various examinations; Provide a unified yardstick for connecting and positioning domestic and foreign exams, enhance the comparability of exams, and promote the docking and mutual recognition of domestic and foreign exams; Provide competency reference standards for the process and summative evaluation methods of English teaching, and promote the development of multiple evaluations. "

　　It is reported that the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education has signed an agreement with Britain and the United States to start the docking research between IELTS, TOEFL and China Scale.

　　Complementarity and mutual promotion: docking teaching, learning and testing

　　Then, what is the relationship between the scale and the curriculum standards and examination syllabus of basic education?

　　Wang Shouren, who participated in the revision of English curriculum standards for basic education, explained: "The scale and curriculum standards go in the same direction and complement each other." The scale is highly consistent with the teaching requirements such as curriculum standards in improving students’ core literacy, and fully meets the teaching requirements of each period in terms of key language skills. Moreover, the descriptors of pragmatic ability and cognitive ability in the scale play a leading and guiding role in English teaching, that is, our English teaching should focus on cultivating students’ language application ability and learning ability. In terms of specific functions, the difference between the scale and the curriculum standard is that the curriculum standard is a teaching program formulated for a certain learning period, which puts forward prescriptive requirements for the teaching content; The scale is a reference standard for all kinds of learners, which mainly plays a role in testing the ability level in examination application.

　　It is understood that the scale is not a syllabus or an examination syllabus, and its nine grades are not mandatory for students. At the same time, the scale can help language learners to self-diagnose their English ability, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and set learning goals in a targeted way, which is helpful to cultivate students’ autonomous learning ability and make foreign language learning more personalized.

　　Jiang Gang said that how to apply the scale in the next teaching, learning and testing needs teachers and examiners to decide according to the specific situation. The Examination Center of the Ministry of Education is developing the National English Proficiency Test on the basis of the scale, which lays the foundation for reducing repeated tests and improving the system of the test. At present, it is mainly considered to cooperate with the strategy of cultivating high-quality talents and develop examinations for the higher education stage with strong social demand.

　　(Beijing, April 12 th, our reporter Chai Ruzhen)

The women that Musk, the richest man in the world, likes all have the same characteristics, they are beautiful and have high IQ.

Amber Heard, a Hollywood actress, has a perfect face, stunning appearance, clean and cold temperament, and a bit like a girl next door.

Musk couldn’t resist such a beauty and plunged into the love affair with Amber.

He only saw the beauty of Amber, but he didn’t know there was a crazy soul under the beautiful skin.

Amber is a typical crazy beauty, which makes him eat up the pain of love.

In 2013, Musk met Amber. At that time, he had the idea of pursuing beauty and invited each other to dinner.

At that time, Amber and Johnny Depp were madly in love and didn’t pay any attention to him at all.

Depp, who starred in the Pirates of the Caribbean series, became the top stream in Hollywood and got the title of captain.

Amber and Depp got married in 2015, and after only one year of marriage, they got divorced.

Amber looks like a girl next door on the surface, quiet and beautiful, but in reality it’s crazy.

In terms of feelings, it is not uncommon for her to eat for all ages, for both men and women, and for her to tread more than one boat.

When Amber and Depp divorced, they were accused of excreting in his bed.

I should know something about Amber’s crazy Musk, which didn’t scare him off.

These are not problems for him, but a little crazy can be used as a substitute for life and make life more interesting.

When he entered this relationship, he found that Amber’s madness far exceeded his imagination and brought him great pain.

When Amber and Depp divorced, they walked down the red carpet once and met Musk by chance.

Seeing that Amber was alone, Musk took the initiative to go forward and ask questions.

In this chat, the two exchanged contact information, and Musk began to pursue Amber.

Musk’s way of pursuing beauty is as domineering as the president in Ba Zong’s novel.

Amber complained to him that Depp had domestic violence.

This aroused his strong desire for protection and provided her with 24-hour uninterrupted security service.

As a science and technology madman, he thinks it’s romantic to show someone he likes high technology.

He took Amber to the launch site of Rocket Falcon 9.

Musk successfully caught up with the goddess in his heart.

There are also many happy and sweet moments between them.

Have dinner together happily, walk hand in hand in the street, kiss and hug in public.

In order to make Musk happy, Amber tailored the costume for him.

Happy moments are just embellishments, and the main tone of this relationship is black and violent.

No one knows what Amber thinks in her heart. In this relationship, she especially likes to create chaos and sabotage.

She and Musk often quarreled, and they quarreled all night and endlessly.

Such a day is a kind of torture for each other.

There is love between the two people, and they torture each other, sometimes breaking up and sometimes getting back together.

Musk said that Amber broke up more times than he did.

He really loves Amber.

He is reluctant to leave each other, but it is very painful to be together. This relationship makes him feel "too cruel".

Musk’s relatives and friends don’t like this tossing Amber, saying that she is the most unbearable of all Musk’s girlfriends.

Musk’s younger brother thinks that this woman is "too poisonous", which makes his brother suffer greatly but can’t stop.

This relationship is also quite strong.

The two broke up after dating for more than a year.

After breaking up, Musk often locked himself in a dark room, and the whole person seemed to be in a coma.

This situation lasted for a year and a half.

When Musk told others about his feelings during that time, he said that it was the most painful moment in his life, which was unbelievable.

When the relationship is over, Musk still can’t forget Amber. When he meets the opportunity, he will come to a hero to save the beauty.

After Amber played Hai in Warner’s Neptune, the film received a good response.

The divorce case between Amber and Depp was raging and their reputation was greatly affected.

In 2021, when Warner filmed Aquaman 2, it didn’t want to use Amber any more for fear of affecting the box office.

As the ex-boyfriend of Amber, Musk was very dissatisfied after hearing about it and gave a letter to the film producer.

The general meaning of the letter is that if Amber is not allowed to participate in the filming of the sequel to Neptune, he will burn down the house.

Who is not afraid of the threat of the world’s richest man and scientific genius, Musk has this ability.

So, people saw Amber again in Aquaman 2.

When Musk’s biographer asked him why he fell in love with a woman who was "mean" to him, he replied that he was a fool in love.

Extreme success must be accompanied by extreme personality.

Musk has indeed achieved extreme success in his career and technology. Of course, his personality is also extreme in some aspects.

I often do something that looks silly in love. If I don’t have the aura of the richest man, I will be really stupid in people’s eyes.

The Bundesliga is one of the most famous leagues in the world football. Many great players have emerged in this league, including some legendary strikers.

The striker is one of the most important positions in the football match, and their ability to score and pass the ball directly determines the outcome of the game. Therefore, the football world has always had an infinite pursuit and exploration of strikers.

Today, we will take stock of the three greatest strikers in the Bundesliga in the 20th century, and explore their honor, player experience, style characteristics and contribution to the position of football strikers. Through the analysis of these strikers, we can better understand the history of Bundesliga and the development of football striker position.

Uwe Seeler is one of the most famous players in the history of German football. He played for Hamburg in 1950s and 1960s, and also participated in three World Cups on behalf of the German national team. Although he has never won the World Cup, he has done very well in the national team and the club.

He played for Hamburg for 19 seasons, made 476 appearances and scored 404 goals. He also won the German Football League Championship twice, and won the title of German Football Player of the Year three times in the 1960s.

Uwe Seeler is a skillful and agile striker, and his header and shot are excellent. His movement and consciousness are also very good, and he can create many opportunities in the restricted area. He is also a very diligent and United player and has made a lot of efforts for the team.

Contribution to the position of football striker:

Uwe Seeler is a very comprehensive striker. He can not only score goals, but also organize attacks and defenses. His style and skills had a great influence on the later strikers, and he was known as "the soul of German football".

Gerd Müller is one of the greatest players in the history of German football. He played for Bayern Munich in the 1970s and also participated in three World Cups on behalf of the German national team. He is one of the best strikers in the history of German football. He played in Bayern Munich for 15 seasons, made 427 appearances and scored 365 goals.

He also won the European Cup twice, the German Football League Championship three times and the European Football Player of the Year in the 1970s.

Gerd Müller is an excellent shooter, and his shooting skills and shooting power are excellent. His movement and consciousness are also very good, and he can create many opportunities in the restricted area. He is also a very diligent and United player and has made a lot of efforts for the team.

Galdo Mueller is an excellent striker, and his style and skills have a great influence on the later strikers. He is known as "one of the greatest shooters in world football".

Rummenigge is one of the greatest players in the history of German football. He played for Bayern Munich in 1970s and 1980s, and also participated in three World Cups on behalf of the German national team.

He is a very comprehensive striker with excellent skills and vision. He played for Bayern Munich for 10 seasons, made 310 appearances and scored 162 goals.

He also won the European Cup twice, the German Football League Championship three times and the European Football Player of the Year twice in the 1980s.

Rummenigge is a very comprehensive striker with excellent skills and vision. He can score goals, organize attacks and defense, and is a very comprehensive player. His movement and consciousness are also very good, and he can create many opportunities in the restricted area. He is also a very diligent and United player and has made a lot of efforts for the team.

Rummenigge is an excellent striker, and his style and skills have a great influence on the later strikers. He is known as "the soul of German football"His contribution is not only on the court, but also in football culture and football education.

During his tenure as chairman of the board of directors of Bayern Munich Club, he promoted the development of the club and became a model of modern football management.

The three greatest strikers in the Bundesliga in the 20th century, they are all excellent players, and their styles and skills have had a great influence on the strikers later. Their footprints not only stayed on the football field, but also made great contributions to football culture and football education.

With the continuous development of football, the position of striker is constantly changing and evolving. In the future, we can expect more excellent strikers to appear in the Bundesliga and make more contributions to football culture and football education.