标签： 南京夜生活

Price is a barometer of economic performance. Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has developed at a high speed, accompanied by severe price fluctuations. By combing and analyzing the past price fluctuations, we can get some enlightenment that is beneficial to the current price work.

Division of price fluctuation cycle in China since reform and opening up

Using the "Valley-Valley" method, the fluctuation of prices (in this paper, consumer price index CPI) since China’s reform and opening up is divided into cycles, and there are five representative price cycles.

The first time was from 1978 to 1983. In this cycle, the peak price appeared in 1980, which was 7.5%, and the gap between peak and valley in the price cycle was 5.5%. The actual situation is: on the one hand, there are obvious situations such as overheated investment and increased consumption expenditure in China, and the increase in fiscal expenditure leads to a serious fiscal deficit; On the other hand, the state has adjusted the unreasonable price system, which has pushed up prices to some extent.

The second time was from 1984 to 1986. At this time, China’s price reform has entered the second stage. The full liberalization of prices has effectively activated the market, and also made the hidden supply shortage and suppressed demand further open. In addition, the overheated economy and uncoordinated economic development have led to an overall increase in prices. In 1985, the price increase reached 9.3%, and the peak-valley gap in the price cycle was 2.8%.

The third time was from 1987 to 1990. The country has implemented loose monetary and fiscal policies, and the macro-economy has recovered. However, the deep-seated problems accumulated in economic operation for many years have become increasingly prominent. In addition, in 1988, the price rose by 18.8%, and in 1990 it dropped sharply to 3.1%, and the peak-valley gap in the price cycle was as high as 15.7%.

The fourth time was from 1991 to 1999. This is the longest and largest price cycle since the reform and opening up, and the peak-valley gap is as high as 25.5%. Among them, from 1992 to 1994, the growth rate of the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society reached 44.4%, 61.8% and 30.4% respectively, and there was a nationwide real estate fever, which led to the price increase of 24.1% in 1994, which was the highest year since the founding of New China.

The fifth time was from 2007 to 2009. During this period, the price gap between peak and valley was 6.6%, and the main reasons for price fluctuation were the price increase of agricultural and sideline products such as pork and the price fluctuation of international commodities.

The main factors leading to price fluctuation

The price fluctuation since the reform and opening up is the result of many factors at home and abroad. First, the impact of external shocks on price fluctuations. In the past 10 years, the international economic situation has been turbulent, the drastic fluctuation of commodity prices and the weakening of external demand have formed an impact on China’s economy, and domestic prices have fluctuated due to the impact of the international economy. Second, from the perspective of China’s classified price index, food prices have significantly led the CPI, and the structural increase is obvious. Third, the factors of asset price fluctuation are mixed. In the process of establishing and perfecting China’s socialist market economic system, both real estate prices and stock prices have experienced abnormal and violent fluctuations, which inevitably lead to price fluctuations. In addition, some policy factors also play an important role in the price cycle fluctuation.

Thoughts and suggestions on stabilizing prices

At present, China’s prices are relatively stable, but there are still some uncertainties and risks, so we need to attach great importance to and do a good job in price work to keep the overall price level basically stable. First, optimize the monetary policy system and maintain a stable market environment. While regulating the money supply, the central bank should pay attention to the transformation of the intermediate goal of monetary policy to the marketization of interest rates; Fine-tune the interest rate through open market business to maintain the stability of the money market environment. The second is to increase the strategic reserve scale of energy, minerals and other commodities, and ease the resource bottleneck in China. Further improve the commodity futures and spot markets, establish an international pricing center in China, and gradually acquire the pricing power of international commodities. Third, vigorously develop modern agriculture, improve the reserve mechanism of grain and agricultural and sideline products, and improve the supply capacity of grain and food. Promote the construction of agricultural and sideline products circulation system, reduce the circulation cost of agricultural and sideline products, and improve the circulation efficiency of agricultural and sideline products. The fourth is to promote the all-round development of capital market tools such as stocks, bonds, futures and financial derivatives, expand the breadth and depth of the capital market and diversify investment risks. Formulate a reasonable real estate pricing mechanism to promote the sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.

(Author: School of Economics and Trade, Hunan University)

Special feature of 1905 film network How long has it been since I saw a real martial arts movie on the big screen of the cinema?After 2017 and 2018, there are few martial arts movies released in domestic cinemas.

The martial arts film that went online on March 8 was originally a movie customized for Cloud Cinema, but it landed in the cinema early on March 2. Li Wei, the director, told 1905 Film Network that after a small-scale film viewing survey, he got a lot of positive feedback from the audience, so he decided to meet the cinema audience first, so that more people could see the film on the screen.

It’s a pity that the total box office of "Stranger Knife" was less than 500,000 yuan after it was released for a week. This movie, which is performed by,,,,,, and so on, should not only have this box office figure.

At present, the lack of popularity of martial arts films in the cinema market is also the main reason. Martial arts films launched at the beginning of the yearArrogant 2Originally planned to go to the cinema, I finally gave up and returned to the online platform. After the broadcast, I still gained wide acclaim from netizens, but unfortunately I didn’t get on the big screen.

The director used to explore the types of domestic martial arts films, but he said that he should not worry too much about the current predicament. "Martial arts films are a major type of China and have cultural characteristics. Thirty years in Hedong and thirty years in Hexi, it doesn’t matter, we are of this type, and we will also shoot martial arts films that are popular all over the world. "

Like Zhang Yimou’s point of view, director Li Wei still believes that martial arts films from glory to decline will be brilliant again in the future, because the audience who like martial arts films has always been there, and the key depends on whether the filmmakers can make good works.

Li Wei, director of "Stranger Knife"

Li Wei, a professional director, had just had the opportunity to write "Eight Minutes in Beijing" at the closing ceremony of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics with director Zhang Yimou. Later, he was asked by Zhang Yimou to help Zhang Yimou shoot three films with the first assistant director.

"I learned a lot from him. From the’ Taoist magic device’, the level of Tao is to learn his awe and love for movies. The following level is how to shoot a movie better."

Li Wei benefited a lot from the Zhang Yimou crew, and at the same time got to know Zhang Yimou’s behind-the-scenes cast over the years, such as modeling director, editing director Yong-yi Li, photographer Zhongshuo, artist Cui Yaochen, etc. When he wanted to be an independent director to shoot "A Stranger’s Sword", they all came to help and jointly created this brand-new martial arts film.

PART

01

"From the early days of floating around in the bamboo forest, using the sword to plunge into the water to borrow strength, to the realistic style of seeing meat with a knife, with the change of the times and the different aesthetics of everyone, martial arts movies will also change."

In Li Wei’s view, a good martial arts film should meet the needs of the audience and also have its own unique expression. Although there are many difficulties in martial arts films nowadays, this genre still exists. Many production companies and directors are trying to create and break through, looking for the appearance of martial arts films that the audience likes now.

"In the future, and the director, the director seems to also want to shoot a martial arts film called" Knife ". So in fact, martial arts movies have always been there, and everyone is watching what kind of martial arts movie to shoot. "

Li Wei likes to watch martial arts films since he was a child. From Hero to Embroidered Spring Knife, he has always been deeply influenced by martial arts films. "When the road is rough, draw a sword to help each other, and when it’s time to make a shot, I will make a shot. I grew up with such a martial arts spirit and culture."

When he became a director, and it was the first time to make a martial arts film, he wanted to show the martial arts spirit of loyalty to the liver, righteousness and bravery in A Stranger’s Sword. "It is a poetic martial arts with more loyalty. The children in the film are less affectionate, and more brotherly and paternal. We express loyalty in this emotion."

PART

02

One of the main reasons for the decline of martial arts films is that there are too many stereotyped stories. How to tell a more fresh and refreshing martial arts story is a question that Li Wei has been thinking about.

He believes that "The Stranger Knife" has found a difference from other martial arts films at home and abroad — — "The role of selling charcoal Weng has basically not appeared in China’s films. I use a charcoal to tell a story. Tian Anye is like a charcoal. The strange knife in the movie should also have never appeared in the movie before. The knife is like a man, and the strange knife is Tian Anyi, and Tian Anyi is a strange knife, like a shadow. "

Li Wei was delighted to tell a martial arts story with a charcoal this time. "How to restore the environment in which charcoal was produced and manufactured in those years, from the birth of charcoal, through the perspective of charcoal, from outside the city into the city, into the palace, and have a relationship with people in the palace, this process is very interesting."

In the film, Tian Anye, the former head coach of the Mo Dao Army, became a charcoal seller. He is also a symbol of charcoal. "Although he is usually ruthless and really wants to burn, he will ignite himself to warm others."

The film also extended many interesting ideas through charcoal. For example, Qiansun Zhao, a fortune-teller who lived alone with Tian An’s powers, was like a fuse. "With Qiansun Zhao’s fuse, Tian An’s powers were ignited, and Tian An’s powers picked up a strange knife again, which restored justice and helped heaven," Li Wei said.

PART

03

An excellent martial arts film must be "both civil and military", the literary drama should be brilliant, and the action scene is the most important.

The action feature of The Strange Knife lies in the strange knife. At first, the length of the stranger’s knife was 2 meters 1, and the master felt that it was not murderous enough. Finally, the length of 2 meters 6 was set, weighing 40 pounds. Max Zhang, a martial arts athlete, has mastered many weapons, but this is the first time he has played such a big knife, and he has spent a lot of time training for it.

Through this creation, Li Wei realized the difference between martial arts films and martial arts films. Martial arts films like "A Stranger’s Sword" need weapons, so it is very difficult to design.

"What kind of professional attributes, character, and what kind of weapons to take, all action designs are logical." Li Wei revealed that the characters, weapons and fights in the whole movie were all set by a set of logical thinking.

For example, Tian Anye’s strange knife is fierce; Qin Gu’s basic knife is unsheathed, very neat and clean; At the head of Zhang Xuqing, there was pressure from the king of Qi, while at the bottom, there were eyeing deputy heads, who were excluded from each other, so he was relatively flexible, so he designed the long and short knives as his weapons.

Based on this complete set of action logic, before each scene is filmed, the specific how to fight has been designed. The final showdown between Tian Anye, played by Max Zhang, and Zhang Xuqing, played by Geng Le, is the climax of the whole film. Li Wei said that in this scene, "it is necessary to study how to fight broadsword and long and short knives. In fact, it is a spatial distance, and it is a close combat. According to this distance, a set of specific styles of play is extended."

In the last big battle, there was an action competition on one side, and Nie Linger, the widow of Prince Xia Meng, was dancing. "One is dancing, and the other is martial arts. What kind of sparks will collide between dancing and martial arts?" The director hopes to add a little romance and poetry to the film, and cross-edit the two scenes together to present different visual enjoyment to the audience.

A friend of Li Wei called to tell him that his two sons came home after watching the movie and took toy knives as strangers, learning the incantations in the movie and fighting each other.

"Let the next generation of young people see such martial arts movies, and they will be satisfied if they like them." If there is an opportunity, Li Wei wants to continue to make martial arts movies. "Like I was influenced by previous martial arts movies, I will continue to convey the martial arts spirit flowing in our blood and influence the next generation."

(||) What kind of tires are used for refitting 22 inches?

300 uses 265/65r17 tires. The specifications and dimensions of tires are written on the side, so be sure to read them clearly when changing tires. The tire is a very important part of the car. The tire is the only part of the car that touches the ground. Tires are related to the stability and safety of automobile driving.

The tire size of tank 300 is 265/65r17. The size and specification of the tire are marked on the sidewall. 25 represents the tire width of 265mm, 65 represents the flattening rate of 65, R represents the radial tire, and 17 represents that the tire can be fixed on a 17-inch rim. Tire is a very important part of automobile, which is related to the stability and safety of automobile driving.

This car uses 22-inch aluminum alloy wheels, while tyre size uses 305/40 ZR22, while Cybertank uses 275/45 R21. Moreover, the Shadow version is also equipped with four-wheel perforated brake discs and blue brake calipers, so its price may be higher for Cybertank.

There are two sizes and five styling wheel rim designs, and the tyre size corresponding to the two sizes is 215/55 R1215/50 R17.

Tank 300 City Edition I don’t think 245 tires can be changed to 265 tires. If you want to replace the tire of Model 245 of Tank 300 City Edition with the tire of Model 265, the change of tire size will affect the suspension system and suspension height of the vehicle, which will lead to the decline of the driving stability and safety of the vehicle, which is very dangerous.

Do you have pe tank 300 luxury wheel tires?

The city version of Tank 300 is very stylish and necessary. It uses 18-inch tires. The original tire brand is michelin, and the pattern is PRIMACY. The price is about 1300 yuan.

Tank 300 is best to choose a special wheel brand for off-road vehicles, and it depends on your needs to choose non-anti-off-loop or anti-off-loop products such as KMC, XD and ATX, which are very suitable for off-road vehicles.

The four models of Tank 300 all use 17-inch five-frame wheels, and the tires are made of three brands, namely, Han Tai’s Wantushi S2 ASX series, Kumho’s CRUGEN HP7 series, and finally Cooper’s DIOVERER A series.

Which wheel is bigger, the tank 300 wind forest fighters or the border version?

1. Buy the border edition. With a higher ground clearance than Fenglin Tieqi and a relatively narrow body, the passing performance of the border version will be stronger. If there is a demand for off-road, often crossing, and have a soft spot for modification, then choose the new border version.

2. The tank 300 Fenglin Tieqi is equipped with a 0T turbocharged engine with a maximum output of 227 HP.

3, the tank 300 border is good. The price is cheap. A set of 300 tanks at the border sells for 20,000 yuan, and a set of 02 fighters sells for 50,000 yuan. Good quality. The border of tank 300 is made of high-quality metal, and the fighters 02 Rangers are made of ordinary metal.

Is the spare tire of tank 300 the same as the four main tires?

The spare tire is not necessarily the same as the four rows of tires and wheels. Kindness is exactly the same, ordinary tires have different wheels, and opportunistic tires are small. Look carefully when buying a car. I don’t know. You can go to Pacific Auto and have a look.

It’s different. The spare tire of a car can’t be used easily. It can only be used as a last resort.

The tires are different. Previously, AT cross-country tires were standard, and the city version was replaced by Michelin four-season tires. This tire emphasizes comfort and tire noise is much smaller than AT tires.

You can look at yourself. There are four tanks for car booking and tire replacement. Basically, there is no one with five tires. The spare tire is an extra and exceptional one. Generally, only four tires are upgraded, and the spare tire is generally not within this range.

Tank 300′ s low-profile model Explorer only got two airbags in the front row, (||) more airbags in the front row, giving a total of four airbags in the car, and the tribute Monet limited edition is also equipped with side airbags, with a total of six airbags in the car. Finally, all models are equipped with tire pressure display function as standard.

Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, November 17th: Facilitating cooperative governance-a new signal sent by the Internet conference to the world.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Feng Yuan Tan Yixiao Wu Shuaishuai Xiong Maoling

In 1969, the internet was born, and it is less than 50 years old. In 1994, China officially connected to the Internet, and it has been 22 years since then.

What new experiences will the "prime of life" Internet bring us? At the Third world internet conference, all kinds of information, like the masts and spires on the giant ship at the time of the sea and the sky, took the lead in sending people a signal that "the future has come".

Convenient and efficient life is new

"I heard that I am not afraid of anything, but I am afraid that foreigners will speak Chinese … Imagine if I have a chip implanted in my brain or use artificial intelligence today, I can communicate with you directly in Chinese, and our communication will be easier." At the plenary session of this conference, the opening remarks of Langer, global vice president of Infosys Technology Co., Ltd., attracted a burst of laughter.

"Lao Tzu once said,’ A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step’, and every step takes us to a distant goal. The impact of the digital world on our lives is still relatively weak, but this change will bring incredible opportunities to help us rethink everything in life. " Langer believes that the Internet era has made it a consensus of enterprises to pay great attention to user experience, thus affecting the whole life cycle of products.

In the exhibition hall of the conference, China Digital Group, a leading enterprise of triple play in China, launched a high-definition intercom system that can be used on TV. Patients lying at home can connect to distant hospitals with remote controls and consult famous doctors about their "old problems". The staff said that this system is especially suitable for the elderly who are more familiar with TV.

The International Business Machines Corporation also announced the latest Watson 2016 artificial intelligence brain, which is also the first brain-like computer in the field of basic science. Chen Liming, senior vice president of the company, said: "It uses the latest atomic storage technology, and its processing capacity has been equivalent to 4 billion human synapses, and it has diagnosed diseases that are difficult for top medical experts in the world to confirm."

"Our home appliances, traveling cars and working equipment are no longer machines that passively obey instructions, but will be considerate of you and actively serve you. For example, windows will adjust their angles according to indoor and outdoor temperatures and lighting, and the car navigation system will also be connected to the city’s traffic management system, thus greatly reducing congestion." Yang Yuanqing, chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, said that the intelligent Internet will enable people to realize life scenes that they could not have imagined in the past.

And even if you go to court for a lawsuit, the Internet age provides a smarter choice. In the "online court" envisaged by Chen Guomeng, president of Zhejiang Higher Court, based on the "online court" pilot, the whole process of prosecution, filing, giving evidence, hearing, delivery, judgment and execution can be completed online, and the parties need not travel by boat, so the lawsuit is as convenient as online shopping.

Wide space for cooperation and mutual benefit

At the "Belt and Road" information forum, Yang Xiaowei, general manager of China Telecom, showed two charts produced by ITU. The charts showed that informatization development index in major regions of the world was unbalanced, with an average of 5.1, Asia-Pacific region was 4.7 and Africa was 2.53, while most countries along the "Belt and Road" were at a low level.

Yang Xiaowei said that in the next step, under the overall leadership of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Telecom will actively work to help the Belt and Road countries build an intelligent information superhighway, focusing on building high-speed information corridors and Pan-Asian networks in China, Myanmar, Europe, China, Pakistan and Africa, and will also actively build ring networks in Africa, Central Asia, Mekong River Basin and other regions.

"The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is the shortest route from China to the Middle East, Africa and Asia. We call it the Digital Silk Road." Amir Azeem Bajwa, general manager of Pakistan Special Communication Organization, said that Pakistan has 135 million mobile phone users and is fully prepared to connect with the world. "In the next few years, we will further expand cooperation with China, especially in the field of telecommunications. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor provides greater opportunities for the global economy, and our digital connectivity also provides great opportunities for economic growth."

"In recent years, countries along the Belt and Road have attached great importance to the construction of information and communication infrastructure and made positive progress in network interconnection and information development." Chen Zhaoxiong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that China is actively strengthening international cooperation with countries along the route, promoting the construction of international network infrastructure, constantly improving the level of interconnection with the route, and promoting the integration of people’s hearts.

Chen Zhaoxiong revealed at the meeting that the East Africa Information Expressway, as a pioneering project of China-Africa information superhighway, was officially launched last year, and the cross-border optical cable between China and Pakistan, as an early harvest of China-Pakistan economic corridor construction, started in May this year. Meanwhile, the national submarine cable projects such as Asia-Europe No.3 submarine cable and Asia-Africa-Europe No.1 submarine cable are about to be completed, and the space for Sino-foreign cooperation in application services continues to expand, and Alibaba is building a cloud data center in Dubai.

"Countries along the Belt and Road Initiative can encourage new cooperation and provide various cooperation opportunities in the fields of information infrastructure construction, Internet application, information content exchange, big data cooperation and intelligent manufacturing. The opportunities in these areas are unlimited. " Yang Xiaoya, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the International Telecommunication Union, said that ITU will continue to promote connectivity among countries along the route.

Strong synergy of rule of law and joint governance

Among the leading scientific and technological achievements released at this conference, a number of "governance tools" have attracted much attention: Kaspersky’s KICS software is used to protect industrial products and enterprise networks, which can detect abnormal phenomena in time and report suspicious orders in time to prevent risks in the industrial sector.

Pan Jianwei, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, emphasized the security of quantum communication technology. "Using the basic principles of quantum mechanics, with the help of the distribution of quantum keys, people can realize an unbreakable encryption method, and the extended wide-area quantum communication will make information more secure."

"Legalists, set points and stop disputes", and establishing a system for the Internet has also become the consensus of the delegates. Wang Binying, Deputy Director-General of the World Intellectual Property Organization, said that cyberspace should not be divorced from the jurisdiction of the law. Policymakers should put Internet-related international norms on the agenda and continue to explore international cooperation in Internet-related intellectual property law enforcement activities.

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Samoa, Patu Sapolu, said that the Internet is a decentralized management of the use of global resources. There are many stakeholders in the Internet, including professionals related to science and technology, as well as entities in commerce and trade, as well as citizens, society and government policy commanders. Courts should play an important role in Internet governance.

In the far-reaching Internet field, co-governance should also be the meaning of the topic. Fang Binxing, an academician of the China Academy of Engineering and chairman of the China Cyberspace Security Association, believes that a little-accessed and globally shared cyberspace is a common space for human activities. For example, if cyber viruses are left unchecked, no country will be immune, and cyber attacks will affect a large number of victims. "The Internet allows countries to share a big ship. Countries should strengthen communication, expand consensus, deepen cooperation, and jointly build a community of cyberspace destiny."

"There are risks behind every progress. The risks in the virtual world are not virtual. Today’s security threats seem to be more extensive than ever." Former French Prime Minister dominique villepin said, "We need to build the global governance of online communities, have the global vision of the Internet to achieve peace in the online world, and also need a multilateral framework for cyberspace governance. In fact, just as the Paris Climate Conference reached relevant agreements, the multilateral framework in the Internet field is also achievable."

"The Internet has changed the order of the world. We need a new order to manage the affairs in the digital age. If we don’t give more people more power to manage the transnational Internet, we will have many problems." Fadi Chehad, former president of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, stressed that "our leaders must cooperate to establish order."