分类： xiyu

National Development and Reform Commission： CPI rose by 1.7% in the first half of the year, and prices continued to operate within a reasonable range.

Cctv newsOn July 14th, the National Development and Reform Commission held a media briefing on the economic situation in the first half of the year. Wan Jinsong, director of the price department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the meeting that since the beginning of this year, international energy and food prices have risen sharply, and inflation in major economies such as the United States and Europe has remained high. In recent months, the consumer price index (CPI) has risen by more than 8%, a record high in the past 40 years or on record. Last night, the CPI in June released by the United States rose as high as 9.1%. However, China’s prices continued to operate in a reasonable range. In the first half of the year, CPI rose by an average of 1.7%, which was significantly lower than that of other major economies, in sharp contrast to the high international inflation.

Wan Jinsong said that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to stabilizing prices. Since the beginning of this year, the National Development and Reform Commission has thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, continuously strengthened the construction of the production, supply, storage and marketing system of important commodities such as grain and coal, and responded to the uncertainty of the external environment with the certainty of domestic supply and stable prices, effectively ensuring the basic stability of prices. In terms of important livelihood commodities such as grain, we will make every effort to stabilize grain production, strengthen regulation and control to stabilize pig production capacity, strengthen the connection between vegetable production and marketing, and do everything possible to ensure the supply and price stability of important livelihood commodities. Since the Ukrainian crisis, China’s food prices have risen by about 1.4% on average, far lower than the increase of 7.5%-9.5% in the United States and Europe. In terms of energy, China has continuously increased coal production and supply, improved the coal market price formation mechanism, guided coal prices to operate in a reasonable range, stabilized electricity prices and energy costs by stabilizing coal prices, and the prices of electricity and gas for residents have always remained basically stable. However, the electricity and gas prices of residents in major economies such as the United States and Europe have risen sharply. For example, in May, the electricity price in the euro zone rose by about 30% year-on-year, and the gas price rose by about 50% year-on-year.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology： More than 70,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated nationwide, including 8,997 ＂little giant＂ enterpri

　　Cctv newsOn the afternoon of March 1st, the State Council Press Office held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by authoritative departments", introducing the situation of "accelerating new industrialization, strengthening and improving the real economy" and answering reporters’ questions.

　　Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said that SMEs in China contributed 50% of tax revenue, over 60% of GDP, over 70% of technological innovation, over 80% of urban employment and over 90% of enterprises, which highlighted the importance of doing a good job in SMEs.

　　In 2022, China added more than 1.7 trillion yuan in tax reduction and fee reduction, tax refund, tax deferral and fee deferral for small and micro market entities, launched a series of SME service activities, and newly cultivated 274 national SME public service demonstration platforms. In 2022, the country set up an average of 23,800 new enterprises every day, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises has exceeded 52 million, and the operating income of industrial small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size has exceeded 80 trillion yuan.

　　More than 70,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated throughout the country, including 8,997 specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprises. Among the newly listed enterprises last year, specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 59%, and more than 1,300 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been listed on A shares, accounting for 27% of the total number of A-share listed enterprises. These enterprises have been working hard in the field of industrial foundation, which fully embodies the development characteristics of specialization, refinement, characteristics and novelty.

　　Next, focus on five aspects:

　　First, optimize the development environment. A law, a regulation, an opinion, a plan. Law is to fully implement the "SME Promotion Law"; The regulations are to implement the Regulations on the Protection of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ Payment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises; The opinion is to thoroughly implement the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; Planning is to implement the "14th Five-Year Plan" to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, promote the implementation of various policies to benefit enterprises, and solve problems for the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises.

　　Second, strengthen the cultivation. The gradient cultivation project of high-quality enterprises will be implemented in depth, and the number of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in China will exceed 80,000 this year. Strengthen policy guidance and overall planning of resources, and plan to cultivate about 100 characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises. Give play to the leading role of large enterprises and promote the development of large, medium and small enterprises. This year, the second national conference on the development of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises will be held to build a platform for exchanges and cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises.

　　Third, improve the service system. First, this year, we will prepare opinions on further improving the service system for small and medium-sized enterprises; second, we will further improve the public service system for small and medium-sized enterprises at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels; third, we will continue to carry out the National Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Service Month, and give full play to the role of public service institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises, public service demonstration platforms for small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurial innovation demonstration bases for small and micro enterprises, so that more quality services can reach small and medium-sized enterprises directly.

　　Fourth, promote the integration of production and production. It will guide financial institutions to continuously increase financing support for small and medium-sized enterprises. Give play to the role of the capital market and support specialized and new enterprises to speed up listing. Give play to the guiding role of the national SME development fund and drive social capital to increase investment.

　　We will further improve the overseas service system for SMEs, run the SME Expo well, and build an international cooperation platform to help SMEs make good use of global resources and achieve win-win cooperation.

Laser solid-state synthesis of monoatomic catalyst

Written by | Liu Zhu (University of Manchester, UK)

Description | This article is contributed by the author (research group).

laserIt has always been considered as a very powerful tool for preparing nanoparticles, which can largely replace the traditional hydrothermal or solvothermal methods. In recent years, noble metal nanoparticles prepared by this method have played an increasingly important role in the field of catalysis because of their characteristics of no surfactant and single size.

In order to reduce the use of noble metal catalysts, more and more research has begun to improve the utilization rate of active sites of noble metal catalysts in various electrocatalytic reactions. When the size of nanoparticles is reduced to sub-nanometer or even atomic scale, almost 100% active sites can be fully utilized. However, it is very challenging to synthesize single atoms with the size less than two nanometers by laser liquid phase ablation, because it is difficult to effectively limit the nucleation and crystallization of metal atoms in liquid phase.

Previously, the research group of Professor Liu Zhu from the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, with Yudong Peng as the main research and development member, has successfully synthesized platinum nanoparticles with a diameter of 2nm on graphene oxide carriers and achieved high-performance electrocatalytic applications. The relevant experimental results have been published in (Advanced Functional Materials, 30, 2001756, 2020）。 In order to further reduce the particle size and achieve the ultimate goal of preparing monoatomic catalysts. Recently, Professor Liu Zhu’s research group reported for the first time the study of laser solid-state synthesis of monoatomic catalysts. In this study, the metal precursor and graphene oxide were simultaneously reduced by laser one-step treatment. The prepared platinum monoatomic catalyst showed ten times higher mass activity than commercial catalyst in hydrogen evolution reaction.

This article uses　Laser solid-phase synthesis of single-atom catalysts　Published for the title in　Light: Science & Applications. The first author of this article is Peng Yudong and the correspondent Liu Zhu.

In this study, they first obtained the graphene oxide film with chloroplatinic acid precursor salt dispersed evenly on the graphene oxide sheet by suction filtration and freeze-drying, and then realized the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and chloroplatinic acid by laser irradiation in one step.

Fig. 1 Process diagram of synthesizing graphene supported monoatomic catalyst by laser irradiation.

In order to realize the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts, researchers have studied several influencing factors in the process. Graphene oxide has excellent hydrophilicity, which can make the metal precursor penetrate through the graphene sheet in the process of suction filtration and realize full wetting. The selection of metal precursors is also very important for the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts. In this work, researchers used HP TCL and PtCl? to pretreat graphene oxide respectively. The experimental results show that HP TCL can realize the uniform distribution of precursors on graphene oxide, while PtCl? is easy to aggregate on the carrier. The experimental results show that the electronegativity of metal precursors or their hydrolysates has an important influence on their binding on graphene oxide.

Subsequently, in order to limit the local concentration increase of metal precursors during drying, researchers used freeze-drying to dry graphene oxide pretreated by metal salts.

In order to verify the actual performance of laser irradiation for the synthesis of monoatomic catalysts, the researchers of this research group used 1064 nm nanosecond pulse laser and 355 nm picosecond pulse laser to irradiate the pretreated graphene oxide films at different energy densities.

For the traditional thermal cracking metal precursors and thermal reduction graphene oxide, the reduced metal precursors are easy to migrate and agglomerate on the carrier materials because of the slow process of heating and cooling. However, the high-speed movement of nanosecond and picosecond laser sources can achieve ultra-fast temperature rise and drop and significant photothermal effect. Under this technical characteristic, the movement of reduced metal atoms on the carrier is effectively restricted, and the reduction and graphitization of graphene thin films are effectively realized by laser with 1064nm wavelength. However, the 355nm wavelength laser is difficult to ensure the uniform reduction of graphene oxide films because of its shallow treatment depth and low stripping threshold for carbon materials.

Fig. 2 HAADF-STEM transmission electron microscope image shows isolated platinum atoms dispersed on graphene.

The prepared catalyst showed a low overpotential of 42.3mV when the current density was 10 mAcm in the hydrogen precipitation reaction, and its mass activity was ten times higher than that of the commercial platinum-carbon catalyst.

Fig. 3 The hydrogen evolution catalytic performance of laser synthesized platinum monoatomic catalyst and its comparison with commercial platinum carbon catalyst and similar platinum monoatomic catalyst produced by other methods reported in the literature.

Liu Jiaoshou said that in the process of combating climate change and achieving global carbon neutrality, catalysts are very critical and will play an irreplaceable role in some energy conversion and carbon neutrality reactions. In the field of laser synthesis of new materials, people have been trying to break the size limit of synthetic materials. The fast and universal laser solid-state synthesis method proposed by us at present has created a new record of laser preparation of monoatomic catalysts. It is hoped that this study will provide new ideas for the preparation of monoatomic catalysts and lay some foundations for the realization of roll-to-roll industrialization technologies. We will continue to explore more possibilities of laser technology in the preparation and application of monoatomic catalysts.

Paper information:

Peng, Y., Cao, J., Sha, Y. et al. Laser solid-phase synthesis of single-atom catalysts. Light Sci Appl 10, 168 (2021).　

Paper address:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00603-9

Intellectual property： improving quality and efficiency, and strictly examining authorization.

By the end of 2018, the number of invention patents per 10,000 population in China reached 11.5-
Intellectual property: improving quality and efficiency, and strictly examining authorization.

2018 is the 10th anniversary of the implementation of the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy, and it is also the year of the reform of intellectual property institutions, and China’s intellectual property protection has been comprehensively strengthened.

In the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property examination and strictly control the examination authorization; In-depth implementation of patent quality improvement project and trademark brand strategy, and vigorously cultivate high-value core patents and well-known brands; Severely crack down on abnormal patent applications, trademark hoarding and malicious registration.

The meeting of directors of the National Intellectual Property Office was held in Beijing on January 7th. This is the first national conference held after the reorganization of China National Intellectual Property Administration in 2018. Shen Changyu, director of China National Intellectual Property Administration, said that in 2018, China’s intellectual property protection will be comprehensively strengthened, and in 2019, the quality and efficiency of intellectual property examination will be improved, and the examination authority will be strictly controlled.

Ten years of implementation of intellectual property strategy has achieved remarkable results.

2018 is the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up, the 10th anniversary of the implementation of the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy, and the year of the reform of intellectual property institutions. Shen Changyu said that in 2018, China’s intellectual property protection was comprehensively strengthened. The the State Council executive meeting passed the amendment (draft) of the Patent Law, and the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) completed the first review of the draft, actively established a punitive damages system for infringement, and greatly increased the cost of infringement; Thirty-eight ministries and commissions jointly issued the Memorandum of Cooperation on Joint Punishment of Serious Breach of Trust Subjects in the Intellectual Property (Patent) field. At the same time, the Intellectual Property Office vigorously promoted the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, shortened the average review period of trademark registration to less than 6 months, and completed the annual target and task of the State Council 52 days ahead of schedule; The trial time of trademark rejection review cases was reduced to less than 7 months. The examination period of high-value patents is reduced by 10%.

At the same time, the Patent Agency Regulations have been revised and will be implemented on March 1, 2019. In 2018, the total patent fee was reduced by 5.86 billion yuan, and 3.357 million patent and trademark application materials were reduced. In 13 provinces, such as Hunan and Sichuan, pilot projects of intellectual property rights in integration of defense and civilian technologies were carried out, and matters such as acceptance of national defense patent applications, licensing filing and transfer approval were decentralized.

According to reports, the above measures have effectively promoted the development of intellectual property in China. By the end of 2018, the number of invention patents in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) reached 1.602 million, an increase of 18.1% year-on-year; The number of invention patents per 10,000 population reached 11.5. In 2018, the number of PCT international patent applications accepted was 55,000, a year-on-year increase of 9.0%. The number of valid trademarks registered in China (excluding foreign registrations in China and Madrid) reached 18.049 million, a year-on-year increase of 32.8%. In 2018, the number of applications for international registration of trademarks in Madrid exceeded 6,000, a year-on-year increase of more than 25%. A total of 2,380 geographical indication products were approved, and 4,867 geographical indication trademarks were registered. In 2018, patent administrative law enforcement handled 77,000 cases, a year-on-year increase of 15.9%, and investigated and dealt with 31,000 trademark violation cases, with a case value of 550 million yuan and a fine of 510 million yuan. In 2018, the total import and export of intellectual property royalties exceeded $35 billion.

Shen Changyu said that in 2019, China National Intellectual Property Administration will further improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property review. Focus on building a world-class examination institution, strengthen the construction of patent and trademark examiners, and continuously improve the examination business ability. Improve the review quality assurance system and business guidance system, and improve the quality management of "double supervision and double evaluation". To study policies and measures to improve utility models and designs. Explore ways to improve the review efficiency by improving the review mechanism. Collaborative use of centralized review, green channel, patent prosecution highway (PPH) and other review modes. In the whole year, the backlog of invention patent examination was reduced by more than 100,000 pieces, and the high-value patent examination cycle was compressed by more than 15% on the basis of 10% in 2018.

Intellectual property protection is more powerful after institutional integration.

In 2018, the Intellectual Property Office was reorganized, and trademarks and geographical indications were included in intellectual property rights, and intellectual property rights were transferred from science and technology to market supervision departments. According to Shen Changyu, the task of reforming national and provincial intellectual property institutions has been successfully completed, achieving centralized and unified management of trademarks, patents, geographical indications and integrated circuit layout designs, effectively improving management efficiency.

Zhang Mao, director of the State Administration of Market Supervision, believes that this adjustment means that intellectual property rights will play a more important role in maintaining fair competition market order.

Shen Changyu said that the intellectual property system, as an important component of the modern property rights system and the basic guarantee for innovation-driven development, plays an increasingly prominent role in the country’s economic and social development. "We should truly establish an efficient comprehensive management system for intellectual property rights through institutional reform, build a public service system for intellectual property rights that is convenient for the people, and explore the operating mechanism of intellectual property rights that supports innovation and development. In particular, we must accurately grasp the internal relationship between market supervision and intellectual property rights, promote the effective connection between intellectual property rights work and market supervision, and further highlight the market attributes of intellectual property rights.

It is reported that in the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will strengthen the creation of intellectual property rights, improve support policies, highlight quality orientation and dilute the number complex; Improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property review and strictly control the authorization of review; In-depth implementation of the patent quality improvement project and trademark brand strategy, and vigorously cultivate high-value core patents and well-known brands.

In 2019, China National Intellectual Property Administration will severely crack down on abnormal patent applications, trademark hoarding and malicious registration, implement the pre-supervision of abnormal applications screening, make a heavy effort to catch a number of typical cases, deal with them according to laws and regulations, and include relevant personnel and units in the list of dishonesty. Carry out the work of arranging idle trademarks and explore the formulation of regulatory measures. Carry out special rectification of intellectual property agency, and crack down on acts such as conducting patent agency business in violation of regulations, submitting a large number of abnormal patent applications, attaching the qualification certificate of agent, disrupting the order of trademark agency market, etc. Implement the memorandum of cooperation on joint punishment for serious dishonesty in the field of intellectual property rights (patents) and improve the joint punishment mechanism. (Reporter Yan Ying)

In 2019, Sichuan ecological environment bulletin released three key words to see the change of environmental quality.

June 5th is the 49th World Environment Day. The theme of this year’s China Environment Day is "Beautiful China, I am an actor". On the eve of World Environment Day, the Department of Ecology and Environment released the bulletin on the ecological environment of Sichuan Province in 2019.

Last year, our province took the lead in developing the "three lines and one list" of the strategic environmental assessment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China, and took the lead in passing the examination and acceptance of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment; Five cities with air quality standards were added, and Chengdu eliminated heavy pollution days for the first time; For the first time, the V-shaped sections with poor national and provincial assessments were completely eliminated, and the water environment quality reached the best level since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan …

The communique issued this time not only takes stock of the existing ecological environment quality in our province, but also analyzes and judges the future trend. What are the bright data in the communique? What changes are reflected behind it? The reporter conducted an interview.

A

The sky bluer

The rate of excellent days has steadily increased for four consecutive years.

Last year, our province officially put the improvement of atmospheric environmental quality in southern Sichuan and the control of air pollution in Chengdu Plain into the "No.1 Project" of environmental protection in the province, and implemented centralized attack. At present, the effect has begun to appear.

According to the communique, under the influence of adverse weather conditions, the number of days with good air quality in our province reached 89.1% last year, up 0.7 percentage points year-on-year. "This is the fourth consecutive year that the number of days with good air quality in our province has steadily increased since the implementation of the new air quality monitoring standard in 2016." Zhao Lechen, chief engineer of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said.

In addition, last year, our province added five cities with air quality standards, namely Suining, Ya ‘an, Ziyang, Guang ‘an and Neijiang. Together with Ganzi, Aba, Liangshan, Bazhong, Panzhihua and Guangyuan, the number of cities with air quality standards in our province has reached 11, achieving the goal of more than half of the total number of cities with air quality standards one year ahead of schedule.

"The heavily polluted weather in the province has been significantly reduced." Yan Xuejun, director of the Atmospheric Department of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that last year Chengdu eliminated heavily polluted weather for the first time. In the winter of 2016, there was heavy pollution weather in Chengdu Plain for two consecutive weeks.

The joint prevention and control of air pollution prevention and control has been deepened. Last year, focusing on Chengdu Plain, southern Sichuan and other areas, our province implemented five major projects of "emission reduction, coal suppression, vehicle control, dust suppression and straw control", and continuously strengthened joint prevention and control of air pollution. In April this year, the Department of Ecology and Environment also signed the Agreement on Deepening the Joint Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Sichuan and Chongqing with the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, which will highlight the coordinated prevention and control of mobile source pollution, PM2.5 and ozone pollution, so as to increase the number of excellent days in the two places and reduce the concentration of PM2.5, and continuously improve the ability and level of air pollution control.

According to the agreement, from June to December this year, Sichuan and Chongqing will carry out one or two times of air pollution prevention and control linkage assistance guidance and inspection and law enforcement for key industrial pollution sources, traffic pollution prevention and control, open burning control, polluted weather response, forecasting and early warning.

"Next, all localities should strengthen regional cooperation and joint prevention and control, and continue to maintain the prevention and control of air pollution, with the same direction and standards, so that the people of the province can enjoy more blue sky." Zhao Lechen said.

B

Water is more clear

The excellent rate of water quality in the national examination section reached a new high

Last year, our province formulated ten river basin pollution prevention and control plans, and supervised 23 key small river basins by listing. The excellent and good water quality rate of 87 national examination sections was 96.6%, up 8.0 percentage points year-on-year. For the first time, the national and provincial assessment inferior V sections were completely eliminated, and the water environment quality reached the best level since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan.

Behind the record high quality of water environment is the continuous improvement of water pollution prevention and control system in our province.

Rui Yongfeng, director of the Water Ecological Environment Division of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that last year, our province promoted the promulgation of the Regulations on Water Environmental Protection in the Tuojiang River Basin of Sichuan Province. This is the first time that our province has legislated for a separate river basin to promote pollution control regulations, and established a positive incentive and reverse restraint mechanism to reward compliance, encourage improvement and punish deterioration, which also marks that the water environment protection work in Tuojiang River basin has entered the legal track.

The data shows that the water quality in the Tuojiang River Basin was greatly improved last year. Among the 16 national examination sections, 15 were excellent, accounting for 93.8%, up 31.3 percentage points year-on-year. "After gnawing this’ hard bone’, we have more confidence in water control." Yan Yongfeng said.

The move does not stop there. Last year, the Fujiang River Basin was included in the scope of special law enforcement inspection for the first time in our province, and together with Minjiang River and Tuojiang River, it was the top priority of water pollution prevention and control in our province. Three rounds of special law enforcement inspections in one and a half months finally found 396 environmental problems. After all of them were handed over to the local government for timely treatment, the water pollution problem around a large number of people was solved.

Monitoring efforts are constantly increasing. It is understood that last year, our province integrated the monitoring sites of eight departments, including natural resources and water conservancy, forming a network of ecological environment monitoring in the province, of which more than 10,000 were water environment monitoring sites.

Taking the Qiongjiang River Basin as an example, in 2019, our province will monitor every ten days, and basically achieve full coverage of the monitoring points of the first-class tributaries and the second-class tributaries that affect the water quality of Qiongjiang River. "Through these measures, we have identified the crux of pollution. Accurate pollution control has also been strongly supported. " The relevant person in charge of the Department of Ecology and Environment said.

C

The scenery is more beautiful

Demonstration of ecological civilization and taking a new path

According to the communique, last year, jinniu district, Dayi County, Baoxing County of Ya ‘an City and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County of Mianyang City were named as the third batch of national demonstration counties for ecological civilization construction by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Daocheng County of Ganzi Prefecture was named as the third batch of national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases.

So far, 12 counties and districts in our province have built national demonstration counties and districts of ecological civilization construction and national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases, including 9 national demonstration counties and districts of ecological civilization construction and 3 national "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases, ranking sixth in the country and first in the western region.

Zhong Wang, director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Department of Ecology and Environment, said that our province has initially formed a multi-level construction system combining point with area, and created a number of vivid cases of ecological civilization construction and the practice of "two mountains".

For example, Hongya County strives to build a health and wellness industry demonstration zone, an eco-industrial demonstration zone, and a green organic agricultural product demonstration zone, and promotes the transformation of forest areas into scenic spots, farmhouses into hostels, and villagers into investors; Nanjiang county has established the strategic orientation of "establishing an ecological county, strengthening a county by cultural tourism, rising green and achieving a well-off society at the same time", and through the continuous accumulation and realization of ecological assets, it has achieved poverty alleviation and prosperity; Jiuzhaigou county has continuously developed and expanded the eco-tourism industry, and has embarked on an eco-economic development road of transforming ecological advantages into economic advantages.

It is driven by the above-mentioned "leading counties" that the ecological environment of counties in our province reached a new level last year-among 183 counties (cities, districts), there were 177 counties (cities, districts) with "excellent" and "good" ecological environment, accounting for 96.7% of the number of counties. Among them, there are 43 counties (cities, districts) with excellent ecological environment and 134 counties (cities, districts) with good ecological environment. (Reporter   Yin Peng)

Huafa was born early？ Three secrets to make white hair ＂late＂

　　Editor’s note: Although people have various skin care products, there are still many people who are born early at a young age. What causes this phenomenon? Is there any way to prevent premature birth of white hair? People’s Health Network launched the column "Know early and know early", which is designed to collect and sort out the health knowledge that you usually ignore and be your health think tank. Today, I will tell you about those things with white hair.

　　White hair is born early. Why?

　　Nowadays, although people have various kinds of skin care products, there are still many people who have white hair at a young age, and those who have premature hair are everywhere. This is because few people can ensure adequate sleep and good sleep quality, and white hair is the result of yin injury under such a lifestyle.

　　For the treatment of white hair, many people hope for blood-enriching and yin-nourishing drugs, such as Lycium barbarum, Polygonum multiflorum, black sesame and walnut, but few of them are effective. Why? It’s not that the medical principles of these drugs are wrong, but that the time is wrong, and it’s too late to replenish blood and nourish yin.

　　White hair is the result of deficiency of yin and blood, and the stress of life and mental stress lead to excessive heart fire, which directly consumes yin and blood. When the yin and blood are already deficient, it is necessary to replenish yin and nourish blood, at most, to reduce or slow down the growth rate and quantity of white hair. It is more difficult to pull back the result of deficiency of yin and blood. What’s more, if you are eating blood-enriching and yin-nourishing drugs, you will be black and white and stay up all night, and you will not be guaranteed.

　　Another reason is that the onset time of drugs for tonifying yin and nourishing blood is slower than that of drugs for tonifying yang and invigorating qi, because "yin" is a "fixed asset", and it takes time to replenish yin and nourish blood, which is equivalent to "building a great project" in the body, so Chinese medicine says, "Yang can be replenished urgently, but Yin cannot be born quickly". Therefore, in order to curb the consequences of yin-blood deficiency and let the body rest fully in the "closed" season in autumn and winter, sleep is the best way to replenish yin.

　　Worry, excessive white hair, early appearance

　　Modern medicine believes that excessive anxiety, panic, fright and mental fatigue will make the blood vessels supplying hair nutrition spasm, which will hinder the function of secreting melanin and lead to white hair. For example, people often encounter this situation in their lives. When their careers are not smooth, or their families die, or they are seriously ill, they will grow a lot of white hair in a short time, or even all their hair will turn white in a short time. This is actually caused by the influence of emotions.

　　Emotional depression or excessive anxiety will lead to liver depression and qi stagnation, which will lead to disharmony between qi and blood, and lead to blood turning white without nourishing hair. This kind of people are usually accompanied by dry mouth and throat, indigestion, chest tightness and abdominal distension, etc., especially for middle-aged people with greater stress.

　　Do a few things to prevent white hair

　　First of all, stay optimistic and avoid excessive mental stimulation, because optimistic and open-minded mood is very important to prevent premature gray hair.

　　Secondly, a reasonable diet is closely related to hair health. Usually, we should eat more fresh vegetables, and the diet is light and diversified, so as to overcome the bad habits such as partial eclipse and balance the nutrition in the body, so as to achieve the effect of diet therapy to prevent gray hair. You can also eat some nourishing foods, such as walnuts, sesame seeds, fungus, etc., to help hair grow. At the beginning of signs of white hair, you can take some traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying the kidney, such as flushing Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. for tea.

　　Thirdly, scalp massage can promote blood circulation and improve the supply of head nutrition. You can comb your hair with a comb, or rub your hair with your hands and fingers, once a day in the morning and evening, once a time & mdash; Two minutes.

　　What’s wrong with white hair growing in different positions?

　　White hair on forehead: mostly spleen and stomach disorders. In Huangdi Neijing, it is pointed out that "women’s May 7th, Yangming pulse declines, the face begins to burn, and the hair begins to fall". The forehead belongs to Yangming, and Yangming is mainly related to the spleen and stomach. Yangming declines and turns white. In fact, there is something wrong with the spleen and stomach. Yangming governs qi and blood, so be careful not to stay up late during conditioning to avoid hurting qi and blood.

　　Young people are full of qi and blood, and they can recover quickly after staying up late, but in their thirties and forties, it is difficult to recover after staying up late again. It is not as good as going to bed an hour early during the day. Going to bed before 11 o’clock at night can help hide essence and blood and keep you energetic.

　　White hair on the temples: or liver and gallbladder deficiency. The temples, that is, the parts near the ears, are mainly related to gallbladder. Because the liver and gallbladder are both exterior and interior, it is also related to the liver. The liver holds blood, so the long white hair on the temples is mainly due to insufficient blood. At the same time, we should pay attention to invigorating qi, such as eating red dates to strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, or drinking millet porridge, because qi can produce blood, promote blood circulation and dissolve blood, and when qi is replenished, blood will rise.

　　White hair on the top of the head and back of the head: caused by deficiency of kidney qi. The top of the head is where the Du Meridian and Ren Meridian pass, and Ren Meridian has the closest relationship with the kidney. White hair grows on the top of the head, mostly due to insufficient kidney qi. The part of the back of the head is near Renmai, which is naturally related to the kidney. People with white hair on the top of their heads and back of their heads should not only replenish qi and blood, but also pay attention to tonifying the kidney. Usually, they can eat more medlar and black sesame seeds.

　　It is unhealthy to cover white hair with hair dye, which is not recommended.

　　In the face of white hair, some citizens choose to dye their hair, either by dyeing black hair to cover it, or by dyeing it in color, which is fashionable.

　　Chen Long, Deputy Chief Physician of Dermatology Department of Wuhan First Hospital, suggested that it is ok to dye your hair occasionally when you need it for work and entertainment, or during holidays, which can enhance your personal image. However, long-term hair dyeing is not recommended, because the hair dye contains heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and p-phenylenediamine, which not only damages the scalp, but also may damage organs such as liver and kidney, which is not good for health.

　　The more white hair is pulled out? Rumor, unreliable

　　In the face of white hair, many citizens choose to pull it out, but folk rumors say that if one white hair is pulled out and three are long, the more it will be pulled out. To this end, many citizens are always worried when they pull out their white hair.

　　Chen Long introduced that white hair won’t grow more and more. After pulling out the white hair, the hair follicle is temporarily empty and will grow back after a while. But the surrounding hair follicles will not be affected, and the number of white hair and black hair will not change.

　　Pulling out white hair frequently will have a certain chance of destroying hair follicles and causing infection. This is not recommended.

　　Can white hair turn black? It’s difficult, so it’s recommended to focus on prevention.

　　In the face of white hair, it can neither be pulled out nor dyed. How can we maintain a young appearance? On the Internet, many folk remedies and secret recipes that can be called "white hair turns black" are circulated everywhere. Are these prescriptions reliable?

　　In this regard, Chen Long said with regret that if it is white hair caused by aging, it is a normal physiological process, and the possibility of reversibility is very small. Genetic "less white hair" is almost irreversible. If it is caused by nutrition, psychological reasons or chronic diseases, it may gradually recover when the physical condition gets better.

　　Therefore, in order to reduce white hair, citizens may wish to do a good job of prevention to avoid the immune disorder caused by overwork and irregular life, thus giving birth to white hair early. Keep enough sleep, exercise properly and eat more foods that tonify qi and blood, such as black beans, fungus and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

　　Increase of white hair, scrapingScraping floating white point

　　Fubai point is a commonly used experience point for treating white hair. It is located at the top of the head and behind the mastoid behind the ear, and it is the point on the gallbladder meridian of foot shaoyang, which can clear away heat and dampness, soothe the liver and benefit the gallbladder, replenish essence and tonify the kidney. When the hyperactivity of liver yang reaches the top of the head, the blood supply to the head will be impaired, so that the hair follicles can not be nourished by liver blood. Scraping or pressing Fubai point can dredge the head meridians, clear liver and purge fire. In addition, the liver meridian and the gallbladder meridian are intertwined and belong to each other, and the floating white point is on the gallbladder meridian, and the excess gas of the liver is diarrhea in the gallbladder. Scraping is a purgative method. Scraping and wiping the floating white point can penetrate evil, clear the liver and benefit the gallbladder.

　　Treating white hair is good for men, women and children.

　　Old white hair, mostly caused by kidney essence loss, generally increases gradually from a few roots, often accompanied by dizziness, insomnia and dreaminess, tinnitus and deafness, weakness of waist and knees, mental fatigue and other symptoms. It is recommended for this kind of people to drink Erhei porridge often: 50 grams of black sesame, 150 grams of black beans, 30 grams of medlar and 5 walnuts, and the right amount of rice, which can make up for the deficiency of kidney.

　　Women’s white hair, mostly caused by liver blood deficiency, is often accompanied by symptoms such as dull face, less menstrual flow and pale color. Usually, they can eat more foods that tonify liver and blood, such as animal liver, donkey-hide gelatin, jujube and spinach. In addition, you can also try the method of soaking black beans in vinegar: wash black beans and put them in a jar, pour rice vinegar into them and immerse them in the shade for 10 days before use. Black beans are dark and rich in anthocyanins. Rice vinegar can dissolve the effective components. This prescription has a certain curative effect on white hair when taken orally or externally, and can also avoid the damage of hair dye to the liver, especially suitable for women.

　　There may be three reasons for juvenile gray hair, one is congenital deficiency of kidney essence, the other is liver depression and qi stagnation, and excessive anxiety. The third is excessive blood heat, and its hair is mixed with black and white, accompanied by symptoms such as scalp itching, dandruff increase, and restlessness. Massage is recommended for this kind of people to improve: before going to bed and after getting up in the morning, rub your hands, rub your scalp repeatedly with your fingertips from your forehead to your back pillow, and then from your back pillow to your forehead. You can also press a little hard for a while, 5-10 minutes each time, which can promote the blood circulation of your scalp, improve the nutrition of hair follicles and prevent hair from turning white.

　　Male gray hair is mostly caused by kidney essence loss or liver qi stagnation, so we should avoid overwork or smoking. Under the guidance of doctors, we can choose Liuwei Dihuang Pill, Huanshaodan, Zuogui Pill and Guilu Erxian Glue as appropriate for conditioning.

　　Zhao Yan, an associate professor at the School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, said that white hair does not happen overnight, and it takes time to take medicine, diet, massage and health care, and black hair can only be restored after qi and blood are filled. The use of drugs should also be carried out under the guidance of doctors or pharmacists. (People’s Health Network Comprehensive Life Times, Beijing Morning Post, Wuhan Morning Post,)

Have you stepped on these pits？ —— Take stock of the top ten rumors of health in 2019

　　Xinhuanet Beijing December 31 ST (Wang Xi) In the Internet age, information dissemination efficiency is high, and rumors are running faster and faster. Among them, health topics have always been among the best in the rumor list, and friends circle and WeChat group are the hardest hit areas of rumors. If you blindly listen to these rumors, it is likely to damage the health of yourself and your family. In 2019, there were fresh "new rumors" and aged "old rumors".

　　At the end of the year, Xinhuanet Health Channel took stock of the top ten health rumors in 2019 to help you polish your eyes and protect your health.

　　[Proverbs 1] E-cigarettes are harmless to health and help to quit smoking.

　　This year is the "hot year" for e-cigarettes, which has a popular trend among young people. There is a "marketing rhetoric" saying that e-cigarettes can help smokers quit smoking, and e-cigarettes and their second-hand smoke are not harmful to health, environmental protection and lungs.

　　Rumor:E-cigarettes can’t stop smoking. The amount of harmful components released by e-cigarettes is relatively less than that of traditional cigarettes, which does not mean that e-cigarettes are harmless. E-cigarettes also contain nicotine. People who really have nicotine dependence (smoking addiction) need to quit smoking because of nicotine dependence. From a scientific point of view, the use of e-cigarettes is only the embodiment of smokers’ self-comfort.

　　Smoking is directly related to the occurrence of chronic diseases. The chronic diseases caused by smoking include lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, etc., and e-cigarettes are no exception. Many domestic and foreign studies have proved that e-cigarettes inhibit human immune system more than traditional cigarettes, significantly increasing the risk of disease. Both electronic cigarettes and traditional tobacco products will increase the risk of lung radiation, and long-term large-scale accumulation will probably lead to cancer.

　　[Proverbs 2] It is unhealthy to advocate a low-salt diet.

　　In September 2019, a foreign video titled "Anyone who suggests a low-salt diet should be sent to prison" was circulated on the Internet. According to the video, people who advocate a low-salt diet are tantamount to "murderers" and should all be put in prison. The argument given by the "experts" in the video is that gastric acid is produced from salt, which can promote digestion, and a low-salt diet may lead to gluten allergy.

　　Rumor:It is wrong to say that gastric acid is not produced without salt. The main component of gastric acid is hydrogen chloride, and gastric acid is not secreted because of salt intake.

　　Gluten is a kind of protein, which exists in the processed products with grain as raw material. After people with gluten allergy ingest gluten, it will cause serious gastrointestinal reaction, which will make the small intestine unable to absorb nutrients. Gluten allergy occurs in the small intestine, probably because the patient carries a specific gene, which is not directly related to gastric acid secretion and low-salt diet.

　　For most people in Chinese, due to their eating habits, it is really necessary to pay attention to salt control. According to a new study released by Queen Mary College of University of London in 2019, the average daily salt intake of adults in China in the past 40 years was more than 10 grams, more than twice the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, and much higher than the recommended amount of adult salt less than 6 grams per day in the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016). In the State Council’s Opinions on Implementing Healthy China Action released this year, China clearly proposed to encourage the whole society to participate in reducing salt. At present, the dietary proposal of controlling salt "less than 6 grams" is based on the fact that residents generally have too high salt intake.

　　Although salt control is encouraged, it should not be excessively controlled. Long-term low-salt diet will also pose a potential threat of hyponatremia.

　　[Proverbs 3] Painless childbirth has a great influence on the fetus.

　　In August, 2019, National Health Commission announced that painless delivery would be piloted in 913 hospitals across the country. The analgesic technique of intraspinal delivery adopted in pilot hospitals has an analgesic efficiency of over 95%. In China, painless delivery has not been well popularized, and there are some conceptual reasons besides the shortage of anesthesiologists. There is a kind of folk opinion that painless delivery has a great influence on the fetus and should not be used as much as possible.

　　Rumor:Painless delivery is to inject anesthetic drugs into the spinal canal, thus blocking nerve conduction and achieving the purpose of relieving pain. The anesthetic drugs will basically not enter the child’s body. The dosage used in painless delivery is extremely low, which is only 1/10-1/20 of that of cesarean section, so the probability of entering the maternal blood and passing through the placenta is very small, which has little impact on the fetus and generally does not affect the baby’s brain health. Ou Shan, director of the Anesthesiology Department of Chengdu First People’s Hospital, said that short-term exposure to anesthesia did not affect the physiological development of children at all.

　　Painless delivery is a drug intervention, although it has little impact on the fetus, but there is still the possibility of adverse reactions. The common complications of painless delivery are hypotension, headache, backache and so on, but the serious life-threatening complications are rare. Common adverse reactions are mainly manifested in the impact on the labor process and placental blood supply. Therefore, qualified and experienced anesthesiologists are needed to operate, and obstetricians and anesthesiologists need to monitor the maternal situation together during the whole delivery process.

　　Whether pregnant women can give birth without pain needs to be examined and evaluated by obstetricians and anesthesiologists, and the doctors will jointly decide whether they can give birth without pain. If they have a history of pregnancy complicated with heart disease, drug allergy and waist trauma, they should tell the doctor in time. As long as there are no obstetric and anesthetic contraindications, painless delivery can be carried out within the basic normal range by checking platelet and coagulation function.

　　[Proverbs 4] Depression is not a disease, but too melodramatic.

　　This year, several celebrity suicides caused great repercussions on the Internet, pushing depression back to the public’s view. In the discussion about depression on the Internet, there are always some views that "depression is just a poor psychological endurance", "depression is too melodramatic" and "when you encounter some difficulties, you will pull it on depression".

　　Rumor:Depression is a common mental illness in today’s society. Its typical symptoms are persistent depression, difficulty in concentration, memory loss and insomnia, which may seriously lead to suicide.

　　As a mental illness, depression has a biological basis, not a "heart disease" or a personality problem. According to Professor Si Tianmei, director of the Psychopharmacology Research Office of the Sixth Hospital of Peking University, neurons in the brain are connected by synapses, which are regulated by neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine and 5- hydroxytryptamine. Studies have shown that the level and function of these neurotransmitters are disordered in some special brain regions of patients with depression, and patients show corresponding symptoms such as anxiety, depression, sleep disorder or lack of interest.

　　Depression is different from depression. Depression is mainly treated with drugs, supplemented by behavioral therapy. Taking drugs on time and in quantity is the basis of treating depression. Depression will affect patients’ study, work, life and social interaction to varying degrees, and patients themselves cannot control their pain through willpower. Therefore, we should not blame or question patients with depression, but should increase efforts to spread depression and its treatment, treat depression correctly, and care for patients with depression.

　　[Proverbs 5] Washing blood can beautify.

　　In February 2019, a medical beauty project called "blood washing" was heated up. This project is to extract a certain amount of blood from the body, inject ozone into the blood, and then return it to the body. Merchants claim that such an operation can achieve the effects of "purifying" blood, detoxifying and caring skin, and preventing cancer. The dark red blood extracted from the body turns bright red after injecting ozone, which is proof that the blood is purified.

　　deny/refute/spike a rumourThere is no scientific basis for "blood-washing" beauty beauty, and there are serious security risks. Beauty salons change the color of blood from dark red to bright red by injecting ozone into the blood, which is called blood purification. However, when people breathe normally, the blood will change from dark red to bright red, and there is no need to inject ozone at all. "Blood washing" in beauty salons uses a method similar to hemodialysis, which requires very high safety operation and easily leads to virus infections such as AIDS and syphilis.

　　In the face of the emerging medical and aesthetic projects, we should be cautious and not believe in the so-called "new therapies" and "new technologies" so as to cause physical damage.

　　[Proverbs 6] "Cervical erosion" can lead to cervical cancer

　　"Cervical erosion" without treatment will lead to infertility, abortion and cervical cancer, which is also an enduring old rumor. "Cervical erosion" was once a "disease" that troubled many women. Women who go for physical examination are often diagnosed with cervical erosion. With the progress of science, "cervical erosion" is a word that should be swept into the garbage dump of medical history.

　　deny/refute/spike a rumourZhang Dai, chief physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Peking University Hospital, said that "cervical erosion" means that when we look at the cervical area with naked eyes, there are signs of local redness, but in fact, this "redness" is only a multi-layered squamous epithelium transformed into a single-layered columnar epithelium, thus showing a red effect, which is a normal physiological phenomenon. The so-called "cervical erosion" is just a kind of cell that doesn’t look good, occupying most of the cervix.

　　For women of childbearing age, the state of "cervical erosion" is more likely to appear because of the influence of hormone levels in the body.

　　Before 2008, the unified textbook "Obstetrics and Gynecology" for medical students in China regarded cervical erosion as a standard disease symptom, with complete clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment methods; However, in the new edition of Gynecology and Obstetrics in 2008, the name of "cervical erosion" was explicitly cancelled and replaced by the physiological phenomenon of "cervical columnar epithelium heterotopia".

　　There is no direct relationship between "cervical erosion" and "cervical cancer", but "cervical cancer" usually occurs at the junction of cervical columnar epithelium and squamous epithelium. The persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the culprit of "cervical cancer", and it is impossible to judge whether you have cancer from the degree of "cervical erosion".

　　"Cervical cancer" or precancerous lesions can be manifested as "cervical erosion", but only the symptoms of "erosion" caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection will develop into cervical cancer. When the symptoms of "cervical erosion" appear, you should go to the hospital for corresponding examination in time. If it is determined to be "cervical erosion", that is, "cervical columnar epithelial ectopic", there is no need to worry. What needs to be paid attention to is the screening of "cervical cancer". Once cervical precancerous lesions or early canceration that look like "cervical erosion" are found, they need to be dealt with immediately without delay.

　　[Proverbs 7] Freshly squeezed juice is more nutritious than fruit.

　　When it comes to freshly squeezed juice, most people will think of keywords such as "freshness", "nutrition" and "health". In 2019, freshly squeezed juice products and drink shops are still popular. Many merchants use various fancy marketing words to claim that freshly squeezed juice is more conducive to the absorption of nutrients and has richer nutritional value than fresh fruit.

　　deny/refute/spike a rumourFrom a nutritional point of view, freshly squeezed juice is too fine and filters out a lot of dietary fiber. Fruit is in a solid state and needs to be chewed, with strong satiety and slow gastric emptying; Fruit juice is in a liquid state, so it doesn’t need to be chewed, and it feels poor satiety. Its emptying speed in the stomach is very fast, and its absorption speed in the intestine is also very fast, which will also make blood sugar rise much faster, which is very unfavorable for controlling blood sugar and weight.

　　A fruit can squeeze about 60 ml of juice, and drinking a cup of 200 ml of pure juice is equivalent to eating three fruits, which is equivalent to greatly concentrating the sugar in the fruit. Eating too much sugar will increase the risk of obesity, and then increase the risk of a series of chronic diseases related to obesity, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and so on.

　　In addition, the color of freshly squeezed fruit juice is getting darker and darker after a period of time, because the fruit is rich in potassium and antioxidants (vitamin C and β -carotene, cellulose and other substances, the blade of the juicer will destroy the cell structure of the fruit, so that the polyphenols in the fruit will react with phenol oxidase, and the oxidase will quickly catalyze the oxidation of colorless polyphenols to generate colored "quinones". Therefore, the original antioxidant capacity of the juice produced by the blade will be reduced by half or more.

　　Drinking freshly squeezed fruit juice should ensure fresh ingredients, control intake, and try to eat fresh fruit directly, which can ensure dietary fiber and more comprehensive nutrition.

　　[Proverbs 8] Sweating with fever can reduce fever.

　　One of the common ways to deal with fever among the people is to cover a thick quilt and make you sweat, which is usually called "covering your sweat" or "sweating". In January 2019, during the peak period of influenza, experts from the national influenza medical treatment expert group suggested that the pursuit of sweating should not be blindly used during the fever period.

　　Rumor:Some people say that the fever did come down after sweating all over. In fact, sweating is the result of fever, not the cause of fever. When you have a fever, your body temperature changes through three stages: temperature rising period, chills or chills; During the duration of high fever, fever is caused by the rapid increase of white blood cells in the body in order to swallow bacteria, and the increase of oxygen consumption causes the body temperature to rise. After the body temperature rises to a peak, the fever will last for a period of time, during which the energy consumption is high, the mouth is dry and the whole body is hot; Hypothermia, sweating and heat dissipation, and moist skin.

　　Yan Hui, deputy chief physician of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Peking University First Hospital, pointed out that "covering the quilt" can’t make children recover faster. After taking the medicine, the body sweats and needs to dissipate heat and replenish water in time. At this time, children are prone to dehydration due to sweating and lack of water supply. For infants with weak constitution, the language expression ability is not in place. When the child is found to have a fever, it is generally close to or in the duration of high fever. At this time, covering it tightly will affect heat dissipation, which will lead to a clinical disease that belongs to infants — — Heat syndrome.

　　When you have a fever, the correct way is not to wear too many clothes, not to cover too thick a quilt, to ensure that your body can fully dissipate heat and drink more warm water.

　　[Proverbs 9] MSG is toxic, carcinogenic and alopecia-causing.

　　Many people have heard from their elders since childhood that eating too much monosodium glutamate is bad for their health and may even cause cancer. The saying that monosodium glutamate is harmful has been circulating for many years. In November 2019, there was an opinion on the Internet that monosodium glutamate was "toxic" and that monosodium glutamate would suddenly cause cancer when it exceeded 100℃, which would lead to hair loss and so on.

　　Rumor:Du Jingming, an associate researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that monosodium glutamate, a crystal crystallized from grain, is a natural substance produced by glutamic acid bacteria fermentation. Many natural foods contain sodium glutamate. In China, monosodium glutamate is mostly prepared from corn starch, rice and other grains through fermentation, extraction and refining. These natural foods and grains are non-toxic and harmless, and sodium glutamate, which meets international standards, is naturally non-toxic and harmless. The joint expert group of food additives of the World Health Organization has proved that monosodium glutamate is safe from various tests such as acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, chronic acute toxicity, teratogenicity and sudden variability.

　　There is no corresponding theoretical and experimental data to support the claim that monosodium glutamate causes alopecia.

　　Like salt, monosodium glutamate and sodium glutamate in chicken essence contain sodium, and excessive intake of sodium will lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension. Therefore, we should control monosodium glutamate like salt intake. The dietary guidelines for Chinese residents advocate that the daily salt consumption per person should be less than 6g, but the actual intake is generally about 10g. If sodium in monosodium glutamate is added, it will be more. The European Food Safety Agency has adopted a safety factor of 100 times, and set a new safe intake for glutamic acid and its salts, that is, 30mg per kilogram of body weight, which is equivalent to 1.8g per day for adults weighing 60 kilograms.

　　In our daily diet, we need to refer to the following rules when eating monosodium glutamate:

　　1. Avoid high temperature. Studies have shown that when the temperature is too high, monosodium glutamate will turn into sodium pyroglutamate, which is non-toxic, but the umami flavor is no longer there.

　　2. Avoid excessive consumption. Some varieties of monosodium glutamate contain many sodium salts.

　　3. Avoid repeated use. Natural ingredients such as fish, eggs, mushrooms and water bamboo will produce umami flavor at the same time during the cooking process, and there is no need to add monosodium glutamate to adjust the freshness.

　　[Proverbs 10] Honey can detoxify and beautify.

　　Drinking honey water can detoxify and nourish the face, which has become the slogan of many honey sellers. In 2019, there are still many health platforms and online articles saying that drinking honey water can detoxify and nourish the face, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis to achieve the effect of relaxing bowels, and can relieve alcoholism.

　　Rumor:The main components of honey are fructose and glucose, and it also contains 20% water, a certain amount of vitamins, minerals, protein, organic acids, enzymes, etc., but these elements are less than 1%. Eating honey can only increase the body’s calories and sugar, and it is impossible to detoxify. The efficacy of honey mentioned on the Internet is too exaggerated. After being digested by gastric acid, the enzymes in honey often lose their activity.

　　Some people think that drinking honey water can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis. In fact, this happens only to people who are intolerant of fructose. People with "fructose intolerance" constitution have slow intestinal absorption ability. After eating honey, fructose can stay in the intestine for a longer time, more water will enter the intestinal cavity, and the stool volume will increase, which can play a laxative effect on this group of people. In addition, when drinking honey, you also drink a lot of water. Drinking more water also plays a role in increasing the volume of stool and stimulating the gastrointestinal tract. For most people, honey can’t have a laxative effect.

　　Honey can’t sober up. The fructose contained in honey can accelerate the metabolism of ethanol in alcohol, but alcohol is metabolized in human body to produce acetaldehyde, which is the main substance that leads to drunkenness. Fructose only reduces the concentration of alcohol in blood and relieves the acute damage of ethanol to the central system, and there is nothing to do with acetaldehyde, which is more harmful.

　　(Source: Science and Technology Daily, Xinhuanet, China Internet Rumor Platform, China Association for Science and Technology Popular Science China Official Platform, China Women’s Daily, Yangguang. com)

Can the house be ＂old for new＂？ The new policy is coming →

　　According to incomplete statistics, more than 70 cities across the country have launched commercial housing "trade-in". The reporter recently visited the real estate market in Shenzhen, Zhengzhou, Nanjing and other places and learned that the "old-for-new" commercial housing in various places mainly adopts three modes: state-owned enterprise acquisition, market linkage and tax subsidy. With the acceleration of the package of policies in various places, the first batch of cases to realize "trade-in" are landing, consumers’ response is better than expected, and the transaction activity in the second-hand housing and new housing markets has improved.

　　Acquisition of state-owned enterprises:

　　Both consultation and intention registration exceeded expectations.

　　Reporters in Zhengzhou, Nanjing and other places learned that the public’s response to the acquisition of old houses by state-owned enterprises was better than expected. Old houses will be used for leasing after the acquisition of state-owned assets, and some will also be included in affordable rental housing, which has become a way for the government to raise affordable rental housing.

　　Zhengzhou began to implement the "old-for-new" policy on April 20, and completed the pilot project of purchasing old houses by state-owned enterprises on May 10, and entered the stage of comprehensive roll-out. It is planned to complete 5,000 sets throughout the year; Nanjing launched the "trade-in" of state-owned enterprises on April 27th, with the first batch of 2,000 pilots.

　　"After signing up for the’ trade-in’, a third-party evaluation agency will evaluate it in less than 10 days." Liu, a citizen of Zhengzhou, said. Data released by Zhengzhou Chengfa Anju Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Anju Construction Group Co., Ltd., which are responsible for the acquisition of old houses, show that both consultation and intention registration exceeded expectations.

　　There is a strong willingness to participate in the "trade-in", but many citizens have also expressed their concern about whether the housing value evaluation is fair.

　　In response to this concern, Nanjing randomly selects three evaluation institutions with good credit and strong business, and takes the evaluation value in the middle of the ranking as the final purchase price of the existing housing. "The public can decide whether to accept the next transaction according to the estimated price." Wang Huhao, deputy general manager of Nanjing Anju Construction Group Co., Ltd. said.

　　What is the second-hand house used for? Nanjing plans to use the acquired second-hand houses as rental housing and lease them out; Old houses reclaimed by state-owned enterprises in Taicang, Jiangsu Province are used for affordable rental housing and talent apartments.

　　Where does the acquisition fund come from? Jiangsu Taicang state-owned enterprises cooperated with banks to build a "fund pool" with a total scale of 2 billion yuan; At present, a number of banks in Zhengzhou, including ICBC and CCB, have expressed their support for the financing of state-owned enterprises to acquire old houses.

　　Ye Qi, president of Zhengzhou Housing and Real Estate Association, believes that the state-owned acquisition model is suitable for cities with a growing permanent population, and there are also certain requirements for the operational capacity of the state-owned platform.

　　Market linkage:

　　The deposit can be refunded to solve the worries of the public.

　　The reporter learned that in the past, the advance payment for buying a new house was a deposit. If the party who paid the deposit defaulted, it could not be recovered. This time, the market linkage model represented by Shenzhen has changed the non-refundable deposit into a refundable deposit, which has a positive effect on improving the release of demand.

　　In May, 2024, Baishizhou, a real estate with "trade-in" in Shenzhen, ushered in an actual transaction case.

　　After learning that the deposit of the "trade-in" new house can be refunded, Mr. Liu contacted Leyoujia, an intermediary agency, and paid a deposit of 110 square meters for a three-bedroom house in Baishizhou with a total price of more than 10 million yuan. Two weeks later, his 54-square-meter old house in Nanshan was sold through Leyoujia, and the transaction price was about 4 million yuan, which was enough to pay the down payment for the new house.

　　Shenzhen "trade-in" encourages real estate development enterprises and intermediaries to sign agreements involving "termination protection period" with buyers who plan to sell second-hand commercial housing and buy new commercial housing. If the old house is not sold within the agreed time limit, the development enterprise and the house-changer will terminate the agreement according to the agreement without unconditional refund.

　　According to the data of Shenzhen Real Estate Agency Association, as of May 24th, the number of participating development projects has increased from the first batch of 13 to 63, and the number of participating real estate brokerage brands has increased from the first batch of 21 to 34, covering more than 1,200 brokerage agencies in the city. Consumers consulted a total of 15,144 people, of which 2,604 people were guided, and 61 sets of new house deposit agreements were signed through activities.

　　"The key is whether the old house can be sold." Li Yujia, chief researcher of the Housing Policy Research Center of Guangdong Urban Planning Institute, said that whether the "old-for-new" can be replaced is directly related to the profit-making efforts of the housechangers and the improvement of residents’ employment and income expectations.

　　Tax subsidy:

　　Housechanging people save transaction costs

　　In April this year, Chen Libin, a citizen of Taicang, Jiangsu Province, saved nearly 100,000 yuan in taxes and fees by "exchanging old houses for new ones".

　　Chen Libin’s old house is 129 square meters, and the appraised price is 2.83 million yuan. The newly purchased house is a 143-square-meter apartment of Taicang Dingsheng Hua Ting Project, with a total price of about 3.62 million yuan. The difference between the old house and the new house is 790,000 yuan, all of which are mortgage loans, without paying agency fees, and the deed tax of the new house is 1.5% free, which saves nearly 100,000 yuan in taxes and fees.

　　The reporter learned from the Housing and Construction Bureau of Taicang City that this year, Taicang City implemented deed tax subsidies for selling old houses and buying new ones, and sold its own houses from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024, and purchased new commercial houses within 3 months, 3 to 6 months and 6 to 12 months after the sale, giving 100%, 80% and 50% of the new house deed tax payment share respectively.

　　By the end of April, 2024, 235 sets of new houses had been sold in Taicang, Jiangsu Province, and the sales volume of new houses was about 802 million yuan. 271 sets of stock houses were replaced, and the purchase amount was about 424 million yuan.

　　Shenzhen Housing Provident Fund Management Center provides the citizens with free supervision services for inter-bank "transfer with mortgage" of second-hand houses, which helps to solve the problems of high capital cost, difficulty in raising loan repayment funds and long transaction cycle of selling houses in the process of housing transactions.

　　In addition to government subsidies to reduce taxes and fees, real estate development enterprises and intermediaries have also introduced exclusive preferential schemes such as purchase price and commission. Take Shenzhen as an example. At present, the commission points of owners of second-hand housing transactions are generally 1.2% to 1.5%. Le Youjia said that the exclusive discount of 7-20% commission for Shenzhen "trade-in" owners will be determined according to different housing targets.

　　The reporter learned that all localities are still adjusting and improving the "trade-in" policy according to the feedback from the citizens. The industry believes that "trade-in" can promote the destocking of commercial housing market and accelerate the supply of affordable housing. The role of various policies that are constantly being superimposed will continue to emerge.

　　From: Xinhua News Agency

[Editor in charge:

]

Adapting the rollover, the ending is bad! Domestic suspense is out of play again

Text | Ten o’clock movie original


The fog theater is new.

As the number one signboard of the suspense drama in the Mainland, the gold content has gone from bad to worse.

My sister didn’t expect anything.

However, I heard that this film is unusual.

Just look at the background, there is a lot-

The script was adapted fromSeicho MatsumotoThe novel "Staggered Scenes".

Many viewers may not be familiar with this name. The original author has a certain position in Japanese reasoning literature, and even Keigo Higashino is deeply influenced by it. For example, the police officer Matsumoto in Detective Conan is a tribute to him.

Excellent scripts come first, and then supervised.han sanping, actorLyric, David, Ma Yili.

Isn’t this king fried?

Results … After localization, watercress was divided.7.4(Now it has fallen to 7.2).

I can only say that it is ok and I can watch it, but this should not be the standard of Chinese drama.

A foreseeable reality—

The domestic suspense drama is going downhill.

unsettled/pending (law) case

In recent years, suspense drama seems to have fallen into a strange circle-

Every case must be an "old case, an unsolved case", featuring a bizarre and cruel one.

The harder the better.

Dislocation is no exception. The development of the whole case has broken through the imagination of the audience, and human nature has been distorted so far.

As soon as the play started, it "crossed".

Time came to the night of the Dragon Boat Festival in 2018, and a murder case occurred in Qinjiang City.

The victim, a woman, was robbed, raped and then brutally killed.

A year has passed and the case has not been solved.

The reason is that the suspects arrested at that time only admitted to robbery and rape, but refused to admit to killing the deceased.

According to the autopsy report, the death of the deceased was strangled by a rope, and as the key weapon evidence, it has now disappeared without a trace.

The case is deadlocked.

The police speculated that this was a lie that the suspect wanted to reduce his sentence. As long as the trial was intensified and more evidence clues were found, the case could be successfully solved.

But according to the routine of domestic suspense drama, the murderer must be someone else.

Who is it?

A policeman found in the process of investigating the case that a well-known reasoning writerGu jiming(David)The crime scene depicted in his novel is highly coincident with the real scene of this case.

"He walked up the slope, and the rain flowed down the slope, passing by his feet. The bird-cage retro street lamp shone dimly on the cement wall, and the wall was painted by some child …"

If anything goes wrong, there must be a demon. Almost the same scenes, details to graffiti on street lamps, even the trend of rain are exactly the same.

Coincidence

There is only one truth. Gu Jiming has been to the crime scene, or he is the murderer.

But during the investigation, the police found that things were obviously not so simple.

The killer is hiding much deeper than we saw.

And behind this murder, there is another conspiracy that has not been discovered.

Domestic case in case

A confusing novel murder.

In fact, it is not uncommon, and there have been such designs in many film and television dramas.

In "Forensic Pioneer 2", there is a murderer who imitates the plot of Gu Caini’s novel, which makes the case more suspenseful.

In "Detective Gu Ling", there is also a murderer who reported that he killed in his dream, and described the real murder scene exactly the same.

However, the uniqueness of the original novel lies in that it does not strengthen the reasoning line, and carries out a deeper exploration from the perspective of human nature, so that we can see the complexity of human nature from each character.

The story of the novel itself is wonderful enough, but the localization adaptation has eclipsed it.

In the play, many unwarranted plots were added.

Old terrier, a smelly and long domestic drama, reappears, and the old girl who really wants to see it has a quick heart attack-

For example, the police’s usual personnel setup.

A policewoman must have a contradiction between work and family.

criminal policeJiang Guangming(Ma Yili)Because of the excellent and busy work, I often neglect my family. It is always difficult to get pregnant at an advanced age. Coupled with the influence of work, the relationship between husband and wife is not harmonious and the quarrel is on the verge.

In the face of obstacles in the detection of the case, Jiang Guangming found her husband cheating again, and when she was preparing for a divorce, she found herself pregnant again.

I’m not the one who said, do policewomen have to be so single-minded?

There must be a successful change in the male police.

Shiluo(Up to the decoration)This is the least valued young criminal policeman in the police station. He is full of ambition but only assigned to sort out the information. After learning that the unsolved murder case was handed over to Jiang Guangming, he immediately expressed his dissatisfaction.

In the early stage, he was like a teenager dragging his feet everywhere, but Jiang Guangming could find the bright spot in him. The two worked together to handle the case, and the stone fell and finally proved himself.

This man is strangely familiar. Perhaps this is the standard of the male police in suspense drama.

Another example is the sad version of women.

In the original novels, it is more about the female tragedy caused by love rat.

However, in the play, there is a complete reversal, the female characters are dark and ugly, and even the love brain is completely illogical.

look likeSu Zhenzhen(Lyric).

I haven’t seen such a crazy and horrible love brain in a domestic drama for a long time. A well-known family, after being disabled in a car accident, she began to suffer from anxiety and tension, and she couldn’t help but try her best to keep Gu Jiming.

Even if Gu Jiming has nothing, and she is on the same boat during the ambiguous period, the proud writer identity is also copied, but even so, Su Zhenzhen can deceive herself and others, and she should also defend Gu Jiming by kneeling down to others.

Don’t ask, asking is too much love.

orYang Hui.

The wife of the writer Tang Xun has a wonderful brain circuit that most people can’t guess.

Because Tang Xun once witnessed the scene of the murder, and then created this mystery novel, but he fell into deep remorse, even before his death. After his wife Yang Hui learned all the truth, she kept silent and pretended not to know when she saw Gu Jiming explode against Tang Xun’s novel. She was not willing to stand up and ask Gu Jiming to tell the truth until the case was handled.

Since I have long said that I am not afraid of death and my husband’s reputation, wouldn’t it be better to call the police directly and find the media to make it clear, but I found Gu Jiming directly and risked my life to fight for humanity.

Women’s tragedies are particularly ridiculous, and they are all made by themselves.

However, in the original work, two talented male writers have become synonymous with truth, goodness and beauty.

How ironic it is!

Suspense downhill

It is true that this drama is not bad in the recent domestic suspense drama.

First, the script is exquisite.

The plot design of the case in the case, digging up the whole iceberg from the tip of the iceberg, is far more cruel than imagined, and the audience can’t help but marvel.

The second is acting online.

Ma Yili’s complete acting comfort zone, capable work and emotional repression are vividly displayed; David plays the villain, which makes the audience see the thriller acting and have nightmares.

But even so, it can only be said that it can be seen.

Many unavoidable injuries have lost the original characteristics of suspense drama-

Suspense.

The more you look back, the more you can feel the boredom of the case. The novelty of the novel written at the crime scene feels that it has only become a gimmick in the end, and the reason for killing is illogical. The murderer appears out of thin air like a forced ending.

Not only Dislocation, but also the common problem of Misty Theater, the suspense drama is becoming more and more intelligent.

The boy who can’t see the shadow, body double literature shines into a mystery drama, but in the end it is only mysterious.

The script of "Hidden" is too vulgar, and the relationship between the characters in the whole story frame is basically winning numbers, and it completely collapses in less than three episodes.

The pictures in this article are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact and delete.

The downfall of Misty Theater just proves the decline of domestic suspense dramas, and it is difficult to produce new works.

In the Douban comment area of Dislocation, Laomei saw this sentence:

"No Seicho Matsumoto’s name at the beginning and end of the film is the greatest respect for the old man".

It is undoubtedly not a mockery of domestic suspense dramas and an unwillingness to fail.

2022 World Artificial Intelligence Conference ｜ ＂Zidong Taichu＂ won the highest award ＂SAIL Award＂

　　Litchi News (Shanghai Work Department reporter/Chang Ying, Hu Yiqiao, Warren Wang)

　　At the 2022 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, which opened on September 1st, the awarding ceremony of the highest award "SAIL Award" ("Outstanding Artificial Intelligence Leader") was held. The world’s first three-mode large model "Zidong Taichu" based on Ascending AI by Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences has become one of the projects that won this honor.

　　Wang Jinqiao, a researcher at Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and president of Wuhan Institute of Artificial Intelligence, SHOWed the world’s first three-mode large model "Zidong Taichu" based on the basic software and hardware platform of Ascending AI in his speech on the show column. "Zidong Taichu" realized the unified representation and mutual generation of different modal data such as images, characters, voices and videos through cross-modal multi-task self-supervised learning, and formed a complete intelligent representation, reasoning and generation ability.

　　Dean Wang told the guests: "In traditional artificial intelligence learning, face recognition can be realized through visual models, but we don’t know how the machine represents everyone’s feature differences. We can only explain the process of machine learning from the feature map of the middle result of the image, and through the" Zidong Taichu "three-mode model, images and sounds can be unified across modes to the dimension of human language, which is closer to the way of human understanding and thinking."

　　Counting Four Breakthroughs of "Zidong Taichu"

　　1. Multi-task and multi-level cross-modal self-supervised learning.

　　A multi-task and multi-level training framework of cross-modal self-supervised learning is proposed, which supports the training of entry level, modal level and sample level, and realizes the unified modeling of cross-modal understanding and generation.

　　2. For the first time, "making sounds by pictures" and "making pictures by sounds" have become a reality.

　　"Zidong Taichu" is the first time to penetrate several kinds of information, such as voice, image and text, and has formed a complete ability of intelligent representation, reasoning and generation. It is the latest development trend in the field of data intelligence and provides an excellent platform for exploring the essence of human intelligence.

　　3. The first multi-modal pre-training model with 100 billion parameters.

　　"Zidong Taichu", as the world’s first three-mode large model with hundreds of billions of parameters, marks an important exploration of China’s path from weak artificial intelligence in limited fields to general artificial intelligence.

　　4. Breakthrough from "one specialization" to "multi-specialization and multi-function"

　　The performance of many algorithm indexes of "Zidong Taichu" ranks first in the world. Let AI move from "one specific function" to "multi-specialty and multi-function", and at the same time surpass the best performance of the industry in a number of downstream tasks, and build a fully autonomous artificial intelligence technology system.

　　In addition to showing the technical advantages of "Zidong Taichu" to the online and offline participants, Dean Wang also said that the basic model has been open source and the large model service has been opened, and a new version of the "Zidong Taichu" service platform will be opened in the near future, supporting the training, fine-tuning and deployment of low-code artificial intelligence models, automatically uploading data and automatically labeling models through the mode called by API, automatically forming a tool for reasoning and deployment, and automatically experiencing the effect.