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　　Editor’s Note: The box office of the summer movie in 2023 (June 1-August 31) has enjoyed a gratifying rise, which has also injected a "shot in the arm" into the China film industry. Various kinds of "explosions" frequently appear in the summer file. We see rich theme types, normalized box office decline, resurgence of traditional culture, and the long-accumulated cultural and entertainment needs of China audiences. China films stand at a new starting point of recovery.

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　　Xinhuanet Beijing, August 10th (Reporter Wang Zhiyan, Yan Yuxi)

　　Long time no see, 10 billion summer vacation.

　　"It is better to live in a cinema in July." Some fans are so emotional. This summer, there is a movie market that is hotter than the temperature.

　　126 films are competing, and more than 40 new films are in full swing.

　　There are various types and rich themes, and the audience has more choices. There are not only head-ballast stone masterpieces like "Feng Shen I", but also waist strength and small and medium-sized weights such as "Enthusiasm" and "Tea No.2 Middle School" … … It is the strongest summer file.

　　According to the data of Lighthouse Professional Edition, in 2023, the total box office of China movies in July alone reached 8.718 billion, with a total attendance of 212 million and a total number of 11.833 million, creating a new box office record in the history of China cinema in July.

　　As of press time, the summer box office has exceeded 15 billion, and returned to the "10 billion" level after four years.

　　Emotional resonance, a new panacea for domestic movie box office

　　Disappeared She, In an Octagonal Cage and Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an were among the top three in the box office list in July. It is worth noting that they are not masterpieces.

　　Everything seems to have a warning.

　　On June 27th, the box office of "Disappeared She" broke one billion, which started the first shot of the summer waist movie. The data shows that the film’s viewing peak is one week after its release. As the topic of women triggered by movies fermented on social platforms, the single-day box office once reached 335 million, and the total box office has now exceeded 3.5 billion.

　　The subsequent realistic film "The Octagonal Cage" adopted a new gameplay of "super-long point screening" before its release, and it has also won over 2.1 billion box office so far. The film truly presents the living conditions and fighting spirit of the people at the bottom. What is similar to the Lost She is that they hit the mood of many young people at present.

　　The animated film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" with the theme of Tang poetry is a real "dark horse", which is better than reaching deep empathy with the audience in culture. Douban scored 830, exceeding the box office of 1.6 billion, ranking second in the box office list of animated films in China film history. Before the release, no matter from the production team, theme setting, and narrative rhythm, it was difficult for the industry to predict that it would achieve such brilliant results.

　　"Tang poetry has no circle." Yu Zhou, vice president of light-chasing animation and producer of Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, told Xinhua that there was always discussion about how to "break the circle" in two-dimensional animation, but for Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, the word "break the circle" did not apply. Those who grew up in China culture or were influenced by Chinese culture were the target audience of the film.

　　During the screening, Yuzhou found a 92-year-old gentleman among his classmates. After watching the movie, he also wrote a neat seven-character poem. "He may be the oldest audience of Changan Three Wan Li."

　　In the eyes of many people in the industry, the audience is willing to pay for "emotional value" and "social currency". Chen Sicheng, the screenwriter and producer of "Disappeared She", once said that the film would look better if it had direct connection and relationship with the audience. Once social topics are extended, giving movies more social attributes will bring unpredictable increments.

　　Rao Shuguang, president of China Film Criticism Society, said in an interview with Xinhua. com that the core issue of film aesthetics is "the relationship between film and audience". Only by absorbing more inspiration from real life and substituting the audience with them to maximize empathy, resonance and resonance can the film be better spread.

　　"This year, a large number of hot topics about films originated from the audience’s ‘ Self-fermentation ’ It presents the characteristics of high entertainment, high topicality and high relevance to the content of the ontology. " Li Jie, president of Alibaba Pictures, told Xinhuanet that how to better reach the audience requires innovative ways of playing in the future film announcement.

　　Stills of the movie "Chang ‘an Three Wan Li"

　　Oriental Aesthetics, Creating a New Narrative Paradigm of China

　　"Oriental Aesthetics" is another key to the success of this summer’s summer file. No matter "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" or "The First Goddess", the new aesthetics and narrative paradigm of China’s films are widely praised.

　　In a sense, Feng Shen Part I, which has been sharpened for ten years, is a trace and refinement of Chinese excellent traditional culture. In the most entertaining way of clothing and scenery setting, director Wu Ershan insists on "restoring ancient ways without mud", which combines land and water paintings in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, bronze elements in Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the aesthetic style of landscape in Song Dynasty.

　　The same is true of Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an. Inspired by Tang figurines, murals and ancient cultural relics, the film’s main creator tried his best to restore the details of culture, costumes and customs in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and finally presented a story full of magnificent imagination.

　　Rao Shuguang praised the innovation and exploration of the two films. "The first film" not only represents the development level of China’s film industrialization, but also shows the cultural confidence and ‘ Spiritual autonomy ’ . The organic integration of "Chang ‘an Three Wan Li" and traditional culture has constructed the oriental meaning of China’s animated films, reflecting the modern value of Chinese excellent traditional culture. "

　　The highly mature film industrialization makes "Oriental Aesthetics" perfectly realized. In fact, industrialization refers not only to the technical level of film production, but also to the process and management.

　　During the filming of the trilogy of gods, it is said that there are more than 8,000 registered crew members, and the filming time is more than 400 days. It is conceivable that the production and management are difficult. However, when director Frant Gwo visited the class, he found that "there was almost no sound in the huge studio, and everyone was orderly, eating after work, and then preparing the content for the next day." It is the crew that has explored the institutionalized and streamlined scientific management methods, ensuring a high degree of smooth cooperation and cooperation between various types of work.

　　"The industrialization of animated films puts more emphasis on teamwork." Yu Zhou introduced that during the three-year preparation and production period of "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an", a total of 500 or 600 people participated, and the time point of project promotion will fall to every week, every day and everyone, which must be strictly implemented. "Because there is a very complete and sophisticated production management system, we finally advanced the progress and caught the summer release."

　　"Deep cultural heritage+high degree of film industrialization", this Chinese path may open up more possibilities for the future of domestic films. Wu Ershan said in an interview with Xinhua. com that there are still many types of gaps in China’s films, and "The First Part of Gods" opened up the genre of mythical epic and fantasy. China’s historical myths, traditional arts and other cultural resources are very huge, and there is still huge room for development in the future.

　　Li Jie said that a more mature and comprehensive industrial system should improve the overall production level and efficiency. We need to further improve high-tech and realize more technological "creation" besides technological "application". Secondly, we need to pay attention to the cultivation of film talents, so as to promote the sustainable development of China’s film industry system with professional talents with both local understanding and international vision.

　　Feelings are hard to sell, and Hollywood blockbuster "Money is Lost"

　　The summer file has always been a battleground for Hollywood blockbusters. This year, Hollywood blockbusters are collectively "dumb". Word-of-mouth was generally depressed, and the box office fell off a cliff. Among the films participating in the summer file competition, the box office of imported films currently accounts for only about 15%.

　　Take Mission Impossible 7 as an example. It has been 27 years since the series was introduced to the mainland, and almost every time it will set off a movie-watching craze and topic. This time, Tom’s not working! More than half a month after the release, it recorded more than 300 million box office, which can be described as bleak. Five years ago, Mission Impossible 6 had a box office of 1.245 billion in China, which set the best result in the same series.

　　Other classic IPS, such as Transformers: The Rise of the Super Warrior, have a box office of 653 million less than one-third of its peak. Although the box office of "Fast and Furious 10" broke through 100 million yuan on the first day, it lacked stamina and finally closed at 983 million yuan, which has been halved compared with "Fast and Furious 8". Even The Flash, Galaxy Guard 3 and Spider-Man: The Vertical and Horizontal Universe, which were favored by cinema people before the release, did not perform well.

　　Many viewers spit out, "The old IP chews repeatedly, and the formula and taste are still the same. It really has no appetite." Indeed, the old-fashioned plot, flat characters and special effects aesthetic fatigue make it difficult for Hollywood blockbusters to rekindle their enthusiasm for watching movies, and the audience will not "pay" for their feelings every time.

　　In Rao Shuguang’s view, Hollywood blockbusters are "not fragrant" because they lack emotional resonance with the current audience. "In the past, we sought after Hollywood’s special effects, techniques, scenes and so on, but these were all outside people’s emotions, so I fell asleep watching Transformers."

　　If Hollywood wants to win back its audience in China, it may need to re-understand the China market. "The audience’s preference for movies is really changing." Liu Peng, president of Cat’s Eye Research Institute, analyzed that with the maturity of movie audiences in China, the upgrading of special effects and big scenes can no longer fully satisfy their tastes, and it is more necessary to innovate in content and resonate emotionally.

　　Even so, we can’t underestimate the strength of Hollywood movies. Looking at the performance of Barbie, although it was dragged down by the announcement in the early stage, with the high reputation of Douban of 8.3 points, it won more than 200 million box office in China market with a very low number of films, and its global box office has broken 1 billion dollars. The topic of women caused by movies continues to ferment on social media.

　　Culture "in tune", Sino-foreign cooperation to explore new breakthroughs

　　Megalodon 2: Abyss joined the battle in the second half of the summer file. As of press time, it has recorded more than 450 million box office in the five days since its release.

　　As a deep-sea adventure monster blockbuster controlled by China producers, Megalodon 1 has made a box office of 1.053 billion in China and 530 million dollars in the world, which is the highest box office of a Chinese-American co-production.

　　The sequel Megalodon 2: Abyss is a unique existence in the summer file. On the one hand, it is a Hollywood-style special effects action movie; on the other hand, China elements are well integrated in story creation, character setting, lines and shooting details. For example, the scientist "Nine styles" played by Jason Wu in the film, these two words come from the ancient China prose "Up to the sky, down to the candle", which means ocean or abyss.

　　Different from the previous global blockbusters, China actors are no longer "tools" to promote the development of the plot, but a rich, vivid and advanced image of contemporary China people. Behind this character setting is the result of deep cooperation between Chinese and foreign teams.

　　In the industry, co-production is regarded as an important way for China’s culture to go abroad. From assisting in filming in the early stage, to intervening in the script development stage, and even co-producing and co-distributing, China films have made breakthroughs in international communication.

　　Ying Xuzan, vice president of the Chinese Culture Group, the producer of this film, said in an interview with Xinhuanet that it is very meaningful to let everyone see how China filmmakers behave themselves, how to take a concrete shot and how to modify a line, and finally let the world audience have a deeper understanding of China’s aesthetics, China’s cultural integration and China’s spiritual inheritance through the carrier of English movies in a quiet way.

　　Suppress first and then promote, and the market will not bury good content.

　　The competition for the second half of the summer file is still fierce. At present, the anti-fraud movie "Put All Your Eggs on One Egg" has entered the market, and the first day box office (including screening) quickly broke 700 million, with a rapid momentum. High-heat films such as "I Through the Storm" and "Burning Winter" are also ready to go.

　　"It is a high probability event that the summer box office exceeded 18 billion this year." Rao Shuguang predicted that if the total box office of China movies can reach about 60 billion in 2023, the recovery momentum and growth trend of the market are still satisfactory.

　　With more than four months left in 2023, can the film market continue the heat of summer all the way to the end of the year? Liu Peng believes that it still depends on the content and quality of the film itself, and whether it can resonate with the audience. "At present, the audience’s viewing habits have basically recovered, and the annual box office is expected to be basically the same as that in 2017, which will drive the entire industrial chain to actively and positively cycle."

　　"In the summer, everyone will go out collectively ‘ Restrain first and then promote ’ The box office curve, this is the real ‘ The market will not bury good content ’ It is also a manifestation that the market is gradually maturing. " Li Jie said that when there is enough high-quality content pouring into the market, the vitality of the market will come back and the market will usher in an outbreak.

　　After several years of downturn, China film market has finally stood at a new starting point of recovery.

　　How to boost consumer confidence, the summer file has been successfully set, that is — — Follow the market rules, supply high-quality products and give full choices, and the result is "if you don’t give up, I won’t give up." (Intern Deng Yaxun and Hou Peichen also contributed to this article.)

　　With the development of the epidemic in Covid-19, the public’s concern and concern about the wild animals around them are also increasing.

　　Recently, Minhang platform, a hotline for greening city appearance in Shanghai, received a call from the public: "Oh, there are bats in my house, what should I do?" Will it infect the virus? "

　　After receiving the call, Minhang District Yebao Station and the town Yebao Department immediately rushed to the scene for disposal. After all the partitions in the kitchen ceiling were removed, traces of bat habitation and a large amount of feces were found, but no living bats were found. In order to alleviate the public’s concerns, the disposal personnel disinfected the indoor environment.

　　I learned from the news that this Spring Festival, the Shanghai Wild Insurance Department is very busy. On the 10th day of the first month alone, the staff of Minhang District Wildlife Protection and Management Station dispatched six times, all of which came to the door to drive away the wintering bats that residents saw around their homes.

　　Image source: People’s Political Consultative Conference Daily

　　Bats were given a "bad name" because of an epidemic in novel coronavirus. It seems that people’s worries are not just bats. Now, how on earth should we get along with wild animals?

　　Wild animals can coexist peacefully with people.

　　Australia, far away from the ocean, has also attracted much attention because of "bats".

　　The flying fruit bats make the residents of Ingham town very uneasy, and the number of these fruit bats has even exceeded the number of local residents.

　　Why do bats stay in cities?

　　"Behind people’s surprise and incomprehension of bats in cities, there is actually a misunderstanding of urban ecosystems. In our work, we found that in a reasonably planned city, the types and quantities of urban animals far exceed the imagination of ordinary citizens. " Wang Fang, a researcher at the School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, has been observing and tracking the wild animals in the city. He believes that bats have actually found an niche in the city that does not interfere with humans.

　　For example, in Qingpu, Shanghai, the insects around the city’s rivers and lakes provide it with enough protein food, and the warm climate in the city reduces their mortality in winter, while the cracks in urban buildings are like cracks in wild rock walls, which can be used to inhabit. The adaptation of bats to the urban environment actually represents the possibility of the coexistence of wild animals and people.

　　Seeing bats blindly panics. Under the current epidemic cloud, this may be a common concern of many people. In Wang Fang’s view, "in fact, the differences in morphology and habits between bats are simply heaven and earth, and whether or not they carry viruses and what kinds of viruses they carry are also very different."

　　"The distribution area of Covid-19’s potential natural reservoir Jutoubat is in various mountainous areas. The key to their survival is to find caves as habitats and not to enter the Shanghai urban area. Even if it is a chrysanthemum bat, not every individual has the original virus of Covid-19, and the proportion of individuals carrying the virus is very low. " Wang Fang reminded people to stay calm when they found bats.

　　Shanghai wildlife protection management department also gave a suggestion: "Bats are in hibernation, so it is best not to disturb them."

　　If bats are found in their homes, it is not recommended for the public to catch them themselves; You can ask the local wildlife department to expel them and help clean and disinfect the environment. After expulsion, self-block holes or pipes to prevent bats from entering again.

　　What about stray animals? Is it safe?

　　The epidemic continues, and what is more closely related to people is whether the stray animals outside are not safe. Do you want to "clean up" wild animals?

　　At present, there is no evidence that cats and dogs will be infected with the new coronavirus, but there is no evidence that cats and dogs will not be infected with the new coronavirus.

　　The popular science article of the shell team pointed out that unlike domestic, immune and controllable pets, the stray animals without owners outside are immune and uncontrollable, so the risk is relatively large.

　　Professionals suggest that from the perspective of epidemic prevention, the public should avoid contact with stray animals at this stage, "whether the animals are dead or alive."

　　We should know that stray cats and dogs are not a healthy part of the wild ecosystem, and many animal protectors also take this opportunity to advocate that the stray animal population should be controlled for the purpose of improving the overall animal welfare and avoiding causing greater damage to the fragile ecosystem around.

　　Why not clean up the wild animals? The article on the shell emphasizes that stray and scattered cats and dogs have more contact with humans than wild animals; Secondly, the world belongs not only to human beings and livestock raised by human beings, but also to "aborigines" such as wild animals and plants. A healthy ecosystem composed of wild animals and plants is also very important for the long-term development of human beings.

　　"The most important thing is that the virus that caused the epidemic was not spread by wild animals actively, but was actively infected by human poaching, slaughtering and eating them."

　　Let’s take bats for example. In fact, like most wild animals, it is also avoiding contact with humans. As long as it is left alone, it is not only harmless but also very beneficial. It plays a vital role in the biological chain. In this case, what we can do is to be safe, not to disturb each other, to reduce contact with bats, and not to eat bats.

　　Love it and leave it in nature.

　　In fact, there is still a long way to go to establish such an idea of not disturbing wild animals and not having close contact with them.

　　Just last year, our reporter reported on wild animals, and we noticed that there are more and more young people raising and buying and selling "alternative pets" whether in the market of flowers, birds, fish and insects or on the Internet.

　　The popularity of "exotic pets" has broken the traditional pet pattern with cats, dogs and ornamental fish as the mainstay. However, many "exotic pets" actually come from wild or artificially bred offspring of wild provenances, and some come from other countries and regions, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

　　Experts remind that "different pets" can be raised without wanting to raise them. In the "exotic pet" trade, animal welfare is not guaranteed and species protection is threatened. For people, there are many health risks and high illegal risks.

　　In the interview, Guo Jinghui, the exotic pet project manager of the World Animal Protection Association, told this reporter that from a biological point of view, wild animals are still wild animals even if they can be farmed artificially. They have not evolved and formed genetic characteristics suitable for artificial breeding, which is also the essential difference between wild animals and domestic animals.

　　"Although wild animals can be successfully raised by humans, their nature and habits determine that they are not suitable for keeping as pets."

　　We therefore appeal to the public not to capture, buy or raise wild animals as pets.

　　In addition to the topic of "exotic pets", we also noticed that indoor zoos are introduced into many city shopping centers now, and the main people are in close contact with animals. In the semi-closed enclosure, the raccoon paced back and forth, and the auricular fox curled up in the corner.

　　"Wild animals need an open environment in the wild and interaction between groups. Even some large zoos in China can’t meet the needs of these wild animals, not to mention indoor shopping malls that don’t touch the ground all day and are difficult to see the sun." Zheng Yuru, wildlife project manager of the World Animal Protection Association, said.

　　In fact, there is a certain two-way risk when people are in close contact with wild animals. "Wild animals will have zoonotic pathogens in crowded shopping malls. In the design of global zoos, there is not much experience to deal with the pollution problem of indoor zoos." Zheng Yu said.

　　The best way to express your love for wild animals is not to keep them for yourself, but to leave them in the wild habitat.

　　"The best solution is to let wild animals live in the wild, and choose ‘ Animal-friendly ’ Travel mode, long-distance observation of animals, avoiding direct contact, not disturbing, not hurting. "

　　I hope that such a simple wish will be achieved as soon as possible after the epidemic.

　　Love is an addiction. When love can be responded, harmless and appropriate, it is a positive addiction; When a person’s feelings about love are wrong, harmful, unresponsive or rejected, it is a disastrous negative addiction.

　　Love is so sweet and scary. People who fall in love may never think that the most wonderful feeling that human beings can experience has a very subtle similarity with drugs that people smell and turn pale.

　　As a matter of fact, scientists have found a lot of interesting and distinct evidence about the argument that "love is poisonous" by scanning the brains of men and women in love.

　　It will be addictive and relapse.

　　Because this series of characteristics that often accompany love are related to all addictions, some psychologists begin to believe that romantic love may evolve into addiction.

　　First of all, men and women who are carried away are eager to combine with their partners from soul to body, which is the core component of all addictions; When lovers think of their partners, they will feel a burst of ecstasy, which is a form of "intoxication" in addiction.

　　With the establishment of obsession, lovers will seek more and more interaction with their partners, which is called "reinforcement" in addiction research literature; They also think endlessly about their partners, which is a form of "invasive thinking" and the basis of drug dependence.

　　People in love will also distort reality and change their priorities and daily habits to match their partners; They often do inappropriate, dangerous or extreme things to keep in touch with their partners or impress them.

　　Even a person’s personality may change, which is called "emotional disorder". Many people who are madly in love are willing to sacrifice for their sweetheart, just as addicts feel pain when they can’t get drugs, and people feel "separation anxiety" when they are forced to separate from their lovers.

　　Trouble really begins when you are abandoned by your lover. Most abandoned men and women will show the common characteristics of withdrawal reaction, including protest, crying for no reason, burnout, anxiety, sleep disorder (too much or too little sleep), loss of appetite or overeating, irritability and so on.

　　People in love will "relapse" like addicts. Even long after the end of the relationship, events, people, places, songs or other external clues related to the old love can stimulate memories, which will trigger a new round of longing, invasive thinking and compulsive connection.

　　Primitive and basic motivation

　　Neuroscientists compared the brains of subjects who were enjoying love with those of addicts who had just injected cocaine or opium and were in a state of euphoria, and found that many of the same areas in the reward system of both brains were activated.

　　Many years ago, neuroscientists conducted special research, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe what happens in people’s brains when they are deeply in love and crazy about it.

　　First of all, volunteers in love have to complete two different tasks, one is to stare at the photo of their lover, the other is to look at the photo of a person who does not show positive or negative emotions, and at the same time collect data on brain activity.

　　Next, on the screen in front of the researchers, a large number of light spots show the violent activity of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — — VTA is a small factory at the bottom of the brain, which is responsible for making dopamine and sending this natural stimulant to many brain regions.

　　During the test, there are many other areas in the brain, but VTA is particularly important. It is a part of the reward system, which can stimulate desire, search, desire, energy, concentration and motivation. No wonder lovers can stay up all night and talk. No wonder they become so absent-minded, so cheerful, so optimistic, so sociable and so energetic. Because they are in a natural state of excitement.

　　VTA is close to the primitive brain area related to hunger and thirst, so love is a basic driving force of human beings, and can even be regarded as a survival mechanism, as important as people’s desire for food and water. This driving force, this survival mechanism, is also an addiction.

　　Passion and anger are interlinked.

　　Like all addictions, love can ruin life, especially when a person is abandoned.

　　The experiment also recruited newly lovelorn people to undergo brain scans. The data shows that abandoned lovers are still madly in love and deeply attached to their ungrateful partners. They are suffering from physical and mental pain. They are like rats on a treadmill, indulging in what they have lost. They are even eager to get back together with ungrateful partners, just like the performance of addiction withdrawal.

　　This trajectory of abandonment and recovery has a fixed pattern: in the first stage, that is, the protest stage, abandoned lovers try their best to regain the love of unfaithful partners. Subsequently, the stage of "obedience/despair" begins, and lovers give up hope and fall into pain and despair.

　　These two stages are related to the dopamine system in the brain. When lovers encounter obstacles, their passion is even stronger — — This is "attraction frustration".

　　Frustration strengthens the feeling of love. This phenomenon is rooted in the brain. If an upcoming reward is delayed, neurons in the dopamine system of the brain will continue to be active, which maintains a person’s feeling of strong love.

　　Stress will enhance this dopamine response. Even if the abandoned party shows sympathy when they break up and continues to perform their responsibilities as friends or children together, many abandoned people still swing back and forth between heartbreak and rage — — There is also a neural connection in this reaction.

　　In fact, romantic passion and abandoned anger have a lot in common. Both of them are related to physical and mental arousal; Will lead to over-thinking, make people concentrate, strengthen motivation and goal-oriented behavior; Both of them will arouse a strong desire, either to get back together with an ungrateful partner or to get revenge.

　　The experience of love and anger can coexist.

　　Ah, that desperate puppy

　　Since love and anger will compete with each other and strengthen a person’s abandonment addiction, then we must have inherited this protest response, because it comes from a basic physiological mechanism of mammals, and as long as any form of social contact is damaged, this mechanism will be stimulated.

　　Take the puppy as an example. If the puppy is taken away from its mother and left alone in the kitchen, it will immediately start running, frantically pouncing on the door, barking and sobbing in protest. Separated young rats will also constantly make calls with ultrasonic waves, and they can hardly fall asleep because the brain arouses them too strongly.

　　The purpose of this kind of protest is to raise vigilance and urge abandoned individuals to object, seek and ask for help. Protest, stress response, frustration attraction, abandonment of anger, desire, withdrawal symptoms … … All this plays a role in crimes caused by love all over the world.

　　Like all addictions, love can lead to violence. However, abandoned lovers will eventually give up. They stopped pursuing their old love and entered the second stage of abandonment: compromise/despair. At this stage, the abandoned party feels tired, depressed, sad and depressed, which is the so-called "desperate reaction".

　　Of course, most abandoned people have already felt this kind of sadness in the previous protest stage, but with all hopes dashed, the feeling of sadness is likely to increase. This despair is related to multiple brain neural networks; However, the dopamine circuit is most likely involved.

　　No one can escape this addiction.

　　As abandoned lovers begin to believe that rewards will never come again, dopamine-producing cells in the reward system will reduce their activities, which leads to burnout, depression and depression. Short-term stress will promote the production of dopamine and norepinephrine, while long-term stress will suppress the activities of these neurochemicals and cause depression.

　　Many professionals define addiction as a pathological and problematic disorder. However, because love is a positive experience in many cases (that is, harmless), most researchers are still reluctant to formally list love as an addiction.

　　However, in terms of behavior patterns and brain mechanisms, love addiction is as real as any other addiction. Even when love is not harmful, it is also related to strong desire and anxiety, and can urge lovers to believe or do dangerous or inappropriate behaviors.

　　Even, some of the activated reward pathways in lovestruck or abandoned men and women can be activated by other addictive substances, such as alcohol, opium, cocaine, amphetamines, marijuana and tobacco (as well as non-material addictions, such as eating addiction and gambling addiction).

　　However, other addictions only affect a small part of the population, while love is not. Almost everyone will encounter this kind of love addiction at some stage in his life. The brain system related to dopamine, vasopressin, oxytocin and other neurochemicals plays this "painful and enjoyable" symphony of life together. (comprehensive /Levy)