● Since the epidemic prevention and control work was carried out, many grassroots cadres and community workers have been overwhelmed by various forms. Repetitive and heavy task of filling out forms not only consumes a lot of time and energy, but also delays the implementation of the urgent anti-epidemic work, causing dissatisfaction among the masses.
The direct reason for the emergence of the problem of "table anti-epidemic" is that there is no special information co-ordination mechanism among various departments, and the fundamental reason is that various departments are trapped in their own information data, thus forming a "data island", which is also a chronic disease that has plagued the construction of government information in China for many years.
● The Measures for the Administration of National Government Information Project Construction is expected to fundamentally solve the problems of decentralized e-government construction and isolated data islands, further promote overall planning at the national level, integrate information resources of various departments, promote co-construction and sharing of departments, realize cross-departmental business collaboration, and comprehensively improve the administrative efficiency of government departments.
□ Our reporter Wan Jing
Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Administrative Measures for the Construction of National Government Information Projects" (hereinafter referred to as the "Administrative Measures"), pointing to the problem of "table anti-epidemic" that was criticized some time ago.
Some places have reported that since the epidemic prevention and control work was carried out, many grassroots cadres and community workers have been overwhelmed by various forms. Repeated and heavy task of filling out forms not only consumes a lot of time and energy, but also delays the implementation of the urgent anti-epidemic work, causing dissatisfaction among the masses.
In this regard, experts in the industry pointed out that the direct reason for the emergence of the problem of "table anti-epidemic" is that the command and coordination system is incomplete and unscientific, and a special information co-ordination mechanism has not been formed among various departments, but the fundamental reason is that various departments are trapped in their own information data, thus forming a "data island", which is also a chronic disease that has plagued the construction of government information in China for many years.
The "Administrative Measures" require adhering to the principles of overall planning, joint construction and sharing, business coordination, safety and reliability, and directly point to the key issues of current government information construction. According to industry analysts, the Administrative Measures are expected to fundamentally solve the problems of decentralized e-government construction and data islands, further promote overall planning at the national level, integrate information resources of various departments, promote joint construction and sharing of departments, achieve cross-departmental business collaboration, and comprehensively improve the administrative efficiency of government departments.
Form anti-epidemic has been criticized
Urgent need to realize information sharing
According to media reports, "form anti-epidemic" shows that many grassroots cadres and community workers have to fill in more than a dozen forms a day during the epidemic prevention period. These forms are issued by different departments, and the contents are basically the same, but the format and style are slightly different. With the strengthening of epidemic prevention and control, the contents of such forms are increasing, and the statistics of data are very large, so it takes a lot of time and energy to fill in the forms alone.
It is understood that the grass-roots staff themselves have undertaken a lot of work such as prevention and control propaganda, inspection in the jurisdiction, coordination of medical treatment, disinfection, persuasion of residents and distribution of materials. Although the manpower at the grassroots level is very tight, they have to arrange people to be "cousins" to undertake tasks such as data collection, registration and information reporting, and some people who fill out forms often have to work until the early hours of the morning.
“‘ Table anti-epidemic ’ It is a bureaucratic style that pays attention to formalism, but it also reflects the problem that information between departments is not smooth in the construction of government information in China. It is not difficult to solve this problem technically. As long as a unified command coordination system is established to realize the sharing of data and information among various departments, it can effectively avoid repeated tasks from multiple departments. " Gao Qin Wei, a professor at the Law School of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said.
This time, the "Administrative Measures" also clearly put forward that "overall planning, co-construction and sharing" is the basic management principle of national government information construction. At the same time, it also strengthened the requirements for information sharing, and clearly put the concept of sharing into the whole life cycle of government information construction projects.
The "Administrative Measures" stipulates that the feasibility study report and preliminary design scheme shall include an analysis chapter (chapter) on information resource sharing. The evaluation report of the consulting and evaluation unit shall include the evaluation opinions on the analysis articles (chapters) of information resource sharing. The approval document of the examination and approval department or the request document submitted to the State Council shall include the opinions on the analysis articles (chapters) of information resource sharing; Compiling the catalogue of information resources is a necessary condition for approving government information projects. The scope, degree and network security of information resources sharing are important basis for determining project construction investment, operation and maintenance funds and acceptance.
Gao Qin Wei believes that the fight against epidemic is an information war, and all government departments should constantly release accurate and objective information and try their best to let everyone know the relevant information. Only by establishing various accessible information transmission channels can the government’s relevant information release reach the public in time. Therefore, government information sharing should become the new normal of government administration.
Take measures to cure chronic diseases at the same time
Focus on eliminating data islands
According to Liu Deliang, a professor at the Law School of Beijing Normal University, after years of development, government e-government has built core government affairs systems such as industry and commerce, taxation, finance, transportation, finance, auditing, education, population and public safety. The core businesses of most ministries and commissions are supported by databases, and the coverage of core business databases is increasing day by day, forming a considerable scale of government information resources. However, the phenomenon of "data island" is also very serious in the construction of government information.
Among them, the most typical problem is that the internal processes of the government are difficult to coordinate. Local governments and departments at all levels often go their own way when carrying out e-government, adopting different standards and monotonous business content, resulting in new redundant construction; Each application system is planned separately, and each system often adopts different data formats and runs on different platforms, which brings obstacles to data exchange and collaborative application between them.
In order to eliminate the phenomenon of "data island" in the construction of government information from the institutional level, the Administrative Measures put forward solutions from five aspects.
First, the government information project realizes cross-departmental co-construction. Cross-departmental co-construction and sharing of government information projects, by the lead department in conjunction with the participating departments to jointly carry out cross-departmental engineering framework design, form a unified framework plan and then report to the National Development and Reform Commission.
Second, the government information project realizes the joint construction of the central and local governments. The relevant departments in the State Council need to share and cooperate with local government information projects, which should be built in accordance with the principles of overall planning, grading examination and approval, grading construction and sharing and cooperation.
Third, build a shared open data directory of government information resources. Based on the business flow, data flow and system interface of departmental projects and overall projects, a shared open data directory is initially formed.
Fourthly, the content of sharing analysis of government information resources is constructed. The feasibility study report and the preliminary design plan shall include the analysis articles (chapters) of information resources sharing, and the approval documents of the examination and approval department or the request documents submitted to the State Council shall include the opinions on the sharing analysis articles (chapters).
Fifth, information resources sharing is forced by fund management. For the information-based projects that have been built by the State Council departments and need to be upgraded or newly-built government information-based projects, only those that can share information as required can be approved, and those that cannot share information will not be supported except for special reasons. For information systems that do not share data resources as required, repeatedly collect data resources, or are not included in the catalogue of national government information systems, no operation and maintenance funds will be arranged.
In this regard, Gu Bingzhong, chief engineer of the Information Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, analyzed that the "Administrative Measures" further implemented information sharing through the coordinated linkage of project construction investment and operation and maintenance funds, and grasped the key points, which is worthy of praise. The implementation of the above measures will fundamentally change the long-standing problem of information sharing, be conducive to the construction of the national big data resource system and governance capacity, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.
Improve the construction of government information
It is imperative to jointly build departments.
Government information system is an important support for the government to perform its duties efficiently and an important carrier to promote the modernization of government governance capacity by informationization. In the 1980s, China began to use computers to process electronic data in government management. After nearly 40 years of development, government informatization has played an active role in improving government office efficiency, supporting government scientific decision-making and optimizing government services.
According to Xu Chunxue, deputy director of the Office of the National E-government Extranet Management Center, in recent years, the digital transformation of the government has been accelerated in an all-round way, breaking the "data island" and entering the deep water area. The traditional mode of self-construction and self-management of departments has become increasingly difficult to adapt to the task of large-scale information construction, and technological models such as cloud computing, big data and blockchain have triggered changes in construction concepts, and so on. A series of changes have forced the system of government informatization to be continuously upgraded and improved, so as to adapt to the new development situation and further liberate the informatization productive forces. However, it is impossible to avoid the problem of cross-departmental co-construction of government information projects in order to improve the construction of government information in China and solve the phenomenon of "data islands" in which departments are fragmented.
Multi-sector co-construction is a long-term difficult problem to solve, especially during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the progress of individual co-construction projects is not satisfactory. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for the Construction of National Government Information Project puts forward the blueprint of "big platform, big data and big system". However, there has been a lack of clear organizational rules on how to jointly build a "big project" by multiple departments.
To this end, the "Administrative Measures" proposes that for government information projects involving cross-departmental co-construction and sharing, the lead department and the participating departments will jointly carry out cross-departmental engineering framework design and form a unified framework plan, and then report to the National Development and Reform Commission. The framework scheme should determine the participating departments, construction objectives and main contents of the project, clarify the business flow, data flow and system interface between each department’s project and the overall project, initially form a data directory, ensure that the construction contents of each department are not duplicated, and realize the requirements of co-construction and sharing. After the framework scheme is formed, each department shall apply for the construction of its own participating content according to the project management requirements.
According to Xu Chunxue’s analysis, the proposal of the above-mentioned framework scheme not only provides a powerful starting point for inter-departmental coordination and linkage, but also can replace the original link of compiling project proposals by various departments, greatly improving the efficiency of examination and approval.
Gu Bingzhong also believes that under the unified framework, the departments involved in construction have clear boundaries, clear goals and responsibilities, which can improve the enthusiasm of the departments and reduce the phenomenon of buck passing.
Actively promote the policy landing
Improve administrative efficiency in an all-round way
After years of exploration and practice, the national e-government extranet is becoming the public infrastructure of digital government construction in China.
At present, in terms of "network communication", China has achieved comprehensive coverage of central provinces, cities and counties, and built a "three-in-one and five-across" network channel; In terms of "data communication", by the end of January 2020, the national data sharing and exchange platform based on the extranet of government affairs had opened 1,299 real-time data sharing interfaces of 33 the State Council departments, provided 946 million times of inquiry and verification services, and supported 95.7 billion pieces of batch data exchange across departments and regions; In terms of "business communication", the national data sharing and exchange platform connects 784 business processing systems in various regions and departments, which provides strong support for government departments at all levels to optimize business processes, streamline business materials, and promote the implementation of major reform tasks such as enterprise start-up, real estate registration, tax withholding, and license separation.
In this epidemic prevention and control work, the government information means of local governments also show their talents.
For example, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province has continuously increased the control of people entering Jiaxing by means of "big data+grid", and cooperated online and offline to give full play to the role of grass-roots grid. Through the "six major rows" of card-point row, digital row, hotel (farmhouse) row, transportation hub row, hospital row, rental house row, etc., the epidemic prevention and control investigation system has been developed and activated to comprehensively verify relevant information.
The Digital Yingkou Management Center was started in Yingkou, Liaoning Province, and the access to the city’s public security video private network was completed in only 3 hours, so that you can view the video of key bayonets in the city’s expressways, railways, stations, hospitals and other places at will in the management center, and understand and master the dynamics of key bayonets in real time.
Chongqing Liangjiang New District makes full use of big data to escort residents’ "vegetable basket" and "fruit plate", closely monitors the market supply and demand of daily necessities such as grain, oil, meat, vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk and refined oil, and at the same time increases the docking of production and marketing, broadens the channels of supply organization, and smoothes the logistics distribution of daily necessities.
During the interview, Xu Chunxue analyzed that the Administrative Measures is based on the overall coordination and long-term management mechanism of the national government information system, focusing on "how to build" and "how to manage" government information projects, putting forward top-level design in streamlining approval, intensive co-construction, information sharing and online management, further implementing the overall requirements of unified engineering planning, unified standards and norms, unified filing management, unified audit supervision and unified evaluation system, and promoting the country for the next stage.
"However, whether the informationization of government affairs can finally achieve practical results, whether it can help the government’s comprehensive digital transformation and further support the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity depends on whether all departments can put the Administrative Measures in place and grasp the construction carefully." Xu Chun’s theory.
Gu Bingzhong believes that the promulgation and smooth implementation of the Administrative Measures is expected to fundamentally solve the problems of decentralized construction of e-government and "data islands", further promote overall planning at the national level, integrate information resources of various departments, promote joint construction and sharing of departments, achieve cross-departmental business coordination, and comprehensively improve the administrative efficiency of government departments.
