Adhere to and strengthen the overall leadership of the Party (thoroughly study and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era)

  Open the road on every mountain and bridge when it meets water. After 40 years of steady progress, the Chinese nation is standing in the east of the world with a brand-new attitude. "Today, we are closer, more confident and capable of achieving the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history." This important judgment of the Supreme Leader accurately defines the historical position of contemporary China and fully expresses the self-reliance and self-confidence of the people of China. Forty years of reform and opening up have brought too many opportunities and challenges, too many struggles and gains, and too many feelings and thoughts to the people of China. Among them, the most unforgettable conclusion is that we must unswervingly uphold and improve the party’s leadership and unswervingly build the party stronger. In the new era, we must uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the party.

  The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

  "The most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, and the Party is the highest political leadership". The "Eight Clarities" summarized in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China as the guiding ideology is a core content of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era.

  What are the characteristics of Socialism with Chinese characteristics? Comrade Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out during the first collective study in the 18th the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics is special in its road, theoretical system and system, in its internal relations of realization approach, action guide and fundamental guarantee, and in its unification with Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice." This clearly points out the three components and characteristics of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Supreme Leader further discussed Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theoretical system, system and culture, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics was solemnly expanded into four major components, namely four characteristics. Why is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership the most essential of these characteristics? The so-called essence refers to the fundamental attribute that is inherent in the thing itself and determines the nature, appearance and development of the thing. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership has such an attribute for Socialism with Chinese characteristics. This is because Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the theme of the whole theory and practice of the Party since the reform and opening up, and it is the fundamental achievement that the Party and the people have made through hardships and paid a huge price. It is precisely because of the Party’s strong and correct leadership that Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road has become the only way to realize socialist modernization and create a better life for the people, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System has become the correct theory to guide the Party and the people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics System has become the fundamental institutional guarantee for the development and progress of contemporary China.Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture has become a powerful spiritual force that inspires the whole party and people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead bravely. The magnificent journey of 40 years of reform and opening up shows that the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a well-deserved pioneer, promoter and leader of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership determines the nature, appearance and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theoretical system, system and culture. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

  What are the advantages of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system? Why is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership the greatest advantage? The so-called superiority of the socialist system means the superiority of the socialist system in comparison and competition with the capitalist system and other social systems. It is generally believed that the superiority of the socialist system is mainly reflected in "three higher" and "one stronger" compared with various disadvantages of the capitalist system: higher productivity, higher equality, higher civilization, stronger cohesion and integration than capitalism. In addition, the superiority of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system also has distinct China characteristics, which are embodied in Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence. Where does this "four self-confidences" come from? From their own advantages. And where does its superiority come from? From practice, from the people, from the truth, from the arduous struggle led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) over the past century. Without the Communist Party of China (CPC), there would be no creation and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and of course, there would be no superiority and self-confidence of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theory, system and culture. There would be no China today, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation would be a pipe dream. History has proved and will continue to prove that the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the source of the advantages of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the advantage of forming other advantages.Is the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

  The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the choice of history and the choice of the people.

  There are countless political parties in the world, and almost every political party wants to be recognized by history and supported by the people, but few political parties can really realize this desire and maintain this state for a long time. It has been 97 years since the Communist Party of China (CPC) came along, and it has been 69 years since he became the ruling party. So far, he is not only as stable as Mount Tai, but also in his prime. Why? Why did history and people choose the Communist Party of China (CPC)? This can be seen from the characteristics, image, strength and contribution of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

  What are the characteristics of the Communist Party of China (CPC)? It is the nature, ideal, purpose and guiding ideology of the Party stipulated by Constitution of the Communist Party of China. The party’s "two vanguard" nature embodies the unity of class, mass and advanced nature; The lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics are the spiritual pillar and political soul of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, and also the ideological basis for maintaining the unity and unity of the party; Serving the people wholeheartedly is the sole purpose of the party’s establishment, existence and development, an important magic weapon to be invincible without fear of all difficulties and obstacles, and a remarkable sign that our party is different from other political parties; Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought reveal the laws of the historical development of human society, which is scientific and occupies the commanding heights of truth, people-oriented and moral. All these fully show that the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s nature, ideal, purpose and guiding ideology represent the correct direction of China’s historical progress and embody the fundamental interests of the working class and the overwhelming majority of the people in China. Visible, history and people chose the Communist Party of China (CPC), the most fundamental reason is the party’s own "qualitative stipulation" and the party’s advanced nature.

  Intrinsic characteristics are often reflected through external images. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out: "The party’s style is the image of the party, and it is a barometer to observe the relationship between the party and the masses and the people’s hearts. If the party’s style is correct and the people’s heart is smooth, the party and the people can share joys and sorrows. " In the past century, the course that China has gone through, the course that the people of China and the Chinese nation have gone through, was paved with blood, sweat and tears by the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China, full of suffering and glory, twists and turns, victories, efforts and gains. Generation after generation of outstanding the Communist Party of China (CPC) people have made selfless contributions to the motherland and the people, vividly demonstrating communist party people’s feelings and noble sentiments for the people. They add luster to party flag, to the great cause led by the Party, and provide important conditions for the establishment of the Party’s leading position. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the party has achieved remarkable results in comprehensively administering the party strictly, and the people have praised the effectiveness of the party’s work style construction, and the foundation of the party’s governance has been further consolidated.

  A political party must have strong power if it is to be chosen by history and recognized by the people. This power includes both the power that has been and is emerging, as well as the potential power; It includes both hard power and soft power. Because of its advanced nature and purity, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has shown great development potential since its establishment, and this potential is still being released. At the same time, the strength that the Communist Party of China (CPC) has shown makes people proud. For example, as far as hard power is concerned, there are more than 4.5 million grass-roots organizations in urban and rural areas in the Communist Party of China (CPC), more than 89 million party member who are fighting in all walks of life, more than 1.3 billion people who firmly support and follow them, and so on; As far as soft power is concerned, the Communist Party of China (CPC) enjoys high prestige among the people, and has rich experience in managing the party and the country, and so on. Strength is the basic condition for the survival, development and success of a political party. the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s great strength enables her to stand any test.

  The contribution made by a political party is related to social development and people’s well-being, and it is a major issue that political parties must always pay close attention to. In the magnificent historical process of nearly a hundred years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) relied on the people to cross one ditch after another and win one victory after another, and made outstanding achievements and great historical contributions for the Chinese nation. After the birth of the Communist Party of China (CPC), United and led the people through long-term struggle, realizing the great leap of the Chinese nation from the sick man of East Asia to the station and from standing up to becoming rich. After long-term efforts, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era since the 18th CPC National Congress. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the cause of the party and the state has made historic achievements and changes, and the Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from being rich to being strong.

  History and people have firmly chosen the Communist Party of China (CPC), and the whole party should more consciously adhere to the party’s leadership and China’s socialist system, and resolutely oppose all words and deeds that weaken, distort and deny the party’s leadership and China’s socialist system; We must uphold and strengthen the party’s overall leadership and ensure that the party always takes the overall situation and coordinates all parties.

  A deep understanding of "upholding the party’s leadership over all work"

  The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized: "Adhere to the Party’s leadership over all work. Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south, the party is leading everything. " To uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership, we must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, and deeply understand "upholding the Party’s leadership over all work".

  The scope of Party leadership is "Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south", "Party, government, military and civilian studies" refers to the field in general, and "East, west, north and south" refers to the region in general. How does the party implement leadership? It is mainly to "take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform", which is to some extent the content and method of party leadership. The content is mainly the direction, the overall situation, the policy and the reform, and the way is mainly the plan, the decision and the promotion. By setting the direction, seeking the overall situation, formulating policies and promoting reform, we can mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the whole party, and constantly enhance the party’s political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal, and build the party into a Marxist ruling party that is always at the forefront of the times, wholeheartedly supported by the people, brave in self-revolution, able to withstand all kinds of storms and tests, and full of vitality.

  To uphold the party’s leadership over all work, the first thing is to enhance political awareness, overall awareness, core awareness and conformity awareness, consciously safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership, and consciously maintain a high degree of ideological and political action with the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core. From the political standpoint, political direction and political principles, any organization and member of the Party, no matter in which field, level or unit, must safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership. All work arrangements within the scope of functions and powers of departments and localities should be based on the premise of resolutely implementing the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, so that orders are prohibited, and it is absolutely not allowed to engage in another set behind the CPC Central Committee. In terms of mental state, the whole party must maintain the style of hard work, guard against arrogance and rashness, and strive to take the long March of the new era in the spirit of waiting for time and seizing the day. From the perspective of ruling ability, it is necessary to be politically competent and have high skills. Specifically, we should focus on strengthening eight skills, namely, learning skills, political leadership skills, reform and innovation skills, scientific development skills, ruling according to law skills, mass work skills, paying close attention to implementation skills, and controlling risks. To sum up, political firmness is the foundation, excellent style of work is the key, and high skill is the guarantee. If these three aspects are achieved, we can persist in telling the truth, seeking practical things, making practical moves and seeking practical results, combine vigorous and vigorous action with long-term success, be brave in tackling difficulties, and do all the work with the spirit of nailing nails.

  As long as we always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party’s overall leadership, that is, to be perfect through persistence and persist in perfection, and "persevere despite all hardships", the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership over the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics will be extremely strong, and our cause will surely be invincible.

  (The author is the president of the Chinese Communist Party History Society and the former director of the Central Party History Research Office)

High temperature warning! Many places have exceeded 40℃

  From May 30th to June 1st, there will still be heavy rainfall in Sichuan Basin and southwestern Shaanxi, and there will be thunderstorms in eastern Gansu, Inner Mongolia and northern Hebei. In terms of temperature, on the 30 th, the high temperature in most parts of the south of the Yangtze River subsided, while the high temperature in South China will continue.

  It rains frequently in Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places

  In the next three days,Sichuan(Province)East,ChongqingShanxi(Province)There is still much rain in the south,There is heavy rain in the local area.; At the same time, there is a precipitation weather process from west to east in the eastern part of Northwest China, North China and Northeast China. The precipitation is unevenly distributed, mainly from small to moderate rain, with heavy rain in the local area, accompanied by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms, hail and short-term heavy precipitation.

  The meteorological department reminded that some areas in Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and other places had a lot of rainfall in the early stage, and there were still frequent rains this week. It is necessary to pay attention to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters such as local flash floods and landslides. Please pay attention to traffic safety when traveling in rainy days.

  Image source: China Weather Network

  Early warning of high temperature in many places across the country

  May 28th and 29th, southern Sichuan.Panzhihualiangshan prefectureHigh temperature weather occurs in many places.mostThe high temperature even exceeds 40 degrees Celsius.. At present, Panzhihua and Liangshan Prefecture have issued high-temperature orange warnings. According to the forecast of meteorological department, in the next three to five days, the highest temperature in eastern district, Yinjiang town and western district of Panzhihua City will reach 38 degrees Celsius in the afternoon and evening, and even 41 degrees Celsius in some areas. The highest temperature in Xichang, Dechang and other low-altitude river valleys in Liangshan Prefecture today (29th) exceeded 39℃, reaching the highest value this year.

  According to the temperature observation data of Hunan National Station, at 14 o’clock on May 29, the temperature in most parts of central and southern Hunan was between 34 ~ 36℃, which was the highest in the whole province.High temperature above 35℃ occurred in 52 counties and cities.High temperature of 36℃ or above occurred in 16 counties and cities, and the temperature reached 37.6℃ at 14 o’clock in Dongan, Yongzhou, which was the highest in the province at the same time. There are many cloud systems in northern Hunan, and the temperature is low, ranging from 29℃ to 31℃.

  The high temperature area in Changsha is concentrated in the east of Changsha, and the temperature in Liuyang reaches 36.1℃ at 14 o’clock. Up to now, sunny heat is still exerting its strength, and the public pays attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling.

  According to the Hunan Meteorological Observatory, from May 29 to June 4, there were multiple showers of rainfall in the province, with less rainfall. Among them, cloudy and sunny days dominated the province during the day from 31st to 2nd June, and the high temperature in Hunan eased from 30th. By June 6th, the highest temperature in most parts of Hunan will be below 35℃.

  As a kind of disaster weather, high temperature and heat wave

  Often overlooked by everyone.

  In fact, the number of deaths it caused around the world

  Far higher than tornadoes, floods, strong storms and other disasters.

  Master the following points

  Relax in summer without fear of high temperature

  China News Agency is integrated from China Weather Network and CCTV News Client.

A good book recommends it as an introductory reading for famous scientific and technological books.

★ Translate the whole text with full notes.

★40-year-old classics, all kinds of books are on the shelves.

★ Fully display the brilliance of ancient science and technology in China.

★ Essential introductory reading for scientific and technological masterpieces

★ Selected Items of Reading Guidance Catalogue for Primary and Secondary School Students by the Ministry of Education (Nine Chapters of Arithmetic and Heavenly Creations)

The Chinese nation has a civilization history of thousands of years, and has created splendid ancient culture, especially China’s ancient science and technology, such as papermaking, printing, gunpowder and compass, which have made great contributions to the progress of world civilization. Needham, a famous British scholar, pointed out after studying the history of world science and technology that before the middle of the Ming Dynasty, China’s inventions and discoveries far surpassed those of Europe at the same time; China’s ancient science and technology have been ahead of the rest of the world for a long time: China’s Zhouyi Suan Jing, written in the Qin and Han Dynasties, put forward a special case of Pythagorean theorem 500 years earlier than the West; Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty invented the armillary sphere and the seismograph, more than 1,700 years earlier than Europe. Zu Chongzhi in the Southern Dynasties accurately calculated that pi was between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, which was more than a thousand years earlier than that in Europe …

In order for today’s readers to inherit and carry forward the excellent traditions of the Chinese nation-being brave in exploration, good at innovation and good at discovery and invention, our society began to mobilize, plan, organize and publish this series of books as early as the 1980s. At that time, Mr. Hu Daojing (1913-2003), an old publisher and scholar of history of science, was invited as the editor-in-chief of the series. Under the guidance of Hu Lao, the work of selecting books and soliciting contributions was carried out.

The series has been supported by many outstanding scholars and written in succession. After publication, it has also been welcomed by readers and achieved good social benefits. However, due to various reasons, only five kinds of books were published in the 20th century (Annotation of Kao Gong Ji, Annotation of Dietetic Materia Medica, Annotation of Wang’s Agricultural Books in Donglu, Annotation of Tiangong Kaiwu, Annotation of Compiling and Compiling the Things in Kangxi’s Leisure Time), so they had to be suspended. After Hu Lao’s death, the publishing of series is even more difficult.

In the 21st century, our society decided to restart the publication of series. With the support of Shandong University, on the basis of the original, the bibliography was re-selected, the compilation style was revised, and the author was invited again to continue to complete the project perfectly.

The restart of the series has won the support of many old authors, especially Mr. Pan Jixing, a famous expert in the history of science and technology. He not only put forward suggestions such as revising the style, providing topics and recommending authors, but also generously promised to undertake the review of the English titles of this series. In addition, the series also invited many outstanding scholars, such as Guo Shuchun, a historian of mathematics, Liu Aiyun, a Chinese medicine expert, Zheng Jinsheng, an expert in the study of Chinese medicine history and literature, Miao Qiyu and Ma Zongshen, an agronomist, Gao Suijie, a forensic scientist, Cheng Zhenyi, Wen Renjun, Lu Jingyan, Zhang Binglun and Li Di, to write in succession.

For ordinary readers, it is not easy to read China’s ancient scientific and technological classics. After 40 years of readers’ examination and several times of perfection by the author, this series of books has finally determined the style of "original text+annotation+translation", which integrates classic original text, detailed annotation and popular translation, which not only facilitates readers to easily learn China’s ancient science and technology, but also meets the needs of some readers to read the original text. It can be said that it is a necessary introductory reading for China ancient science and technology lovers.

Up to now, the series has published 17 varieties, as follows:

Annotation of Kao Gong Ji (Revised Edition)

Annotation of Wen Renjun

Kao Gong Ji is the first compilation of handicraft techniques in China, which was written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is the most important document to study the history of ancient technology in China. This edition is a part of Zhou Li, which is called Zhou Lidong’s Official Examination Record. As a part of the Confucian classics, Kao Gong Ji has been favored for a long time, with famous annotations and string recitation, and has been passed down to this day. At the beginning of Kao Gong Ji, it describes the origin and characteristics of "all-round work", and then points out the main types of work at that time, such as government-run handicrafts and household handicrafts, where there are 30 workers. It involves ancient car-making system, bronze casting system, bow and arrow weapon, leather armor system, ritual and music drinking and shooting system, building water conservancy system, pottery-making system and so on.

Notes on Zhou Pianjian’s Translation

Cheng Zhenyi and Wen Renjun’s Annotations

Zhou Piai suan Jing, the earliest arithmetic classic in Chinese history. Among them, the conversation between Duke Zhou and Shang Gao has the earliest written record of Pythagorean theorem. The book uses the simplest and most feasible method to determine the astronomical calendar, reveals the operating rules of the sun, the moon and the stars, covers the change of seasons and climate change, and includes the truth that the north and the south are polar and the day and night push each other, which provides a strong guarantee for the later generations to live and work. Since then, mathematicians of all ages have taken this book as a reference, and constantly innovated and developed on this basis.

Annotations on Nine Chapters of Divination (Revised Edition)

Guo Shuchun’s translation

Selected as the "Reading Guidance Catalogue for Primary and Secondary School Students" by the Ministry of Education.

"Nine Chapters of Divination", an important kind of ten books for calculating classics, has always been regarded as the first one for calculating classics. The book systematically summarizes the mathematical achievements in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, and plays an important role in the history of Chinese mathematics. The revised edition was launched in 2020, which is more perfect in content than the original edition.

Related reading:

A Brief Interpretation of the Golden Chamber (Revised Edition)

By Zhang Zhongjing

Liu aiyun’s translation

Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is the earliest monograph on miscellaneous diseases in China. There are more than 60 kinds of diagnosis and treatment methods and 205 prescriptions. Many of these prescriptions have been widely used in clinic for thousands of years and are called "the ancestors of medical prescriptions". This book has high guiding significance and practical value, and has a great contribution and far-reaching influence on the development of clinical medicine in later generations. The revised edition was launched in 2016, and many of them were supplemented and improved.

Annotation of Qi Min Yao Shu (Revised Edition)

[Northern Dynasties] By Jia Sixie

Annotations of Miao Qiyu and Miao Guilong

Qi Min Yao Shu is the earliest and most complete ancient agricultural monograph in China. A total of ten volumes, detailing the ancient agricultural and sideline production technology and experience, covering almost all the contents of ancient farm management activities, can be called "the encyclopedia of ancient agricultural technology in China". The revised edition was launched in 2020, with many additions in content.

Related reading:

Translation notes of dietotherapy materia medica (revised edition)

[Tang] Meng E’s original work

[Tang] Justin Cheung added.

Translated Notes by Zheng Jinsheng and Zhang Tongjun

The earliest monograph of "dietotherapy" in China, the daily diet and health preservation of people in Tang Dynasty. Materia Medica for Dietotherapy, written by Meng Huang in Tang Dynasty and supplemented and adapted by Justin Cheung, was a famous monograph on food therapy and nutrition in Tang Dynasty, which recorded the medicinal efficacy, indications and various taboos of more than 260 kinds of common foods and collected a large number of dietotherapy prescriptions. Materia Medica for Dietotherapy is the most abundant book in Tang Dynasty, and comprehensively summarizes the dietotherapy experience at that time. Originally lost for a long time, the author translated it according to the notes of the lost edition, and checked it with many residual editions and other classics. Attached are two indexes: "explanation of terms" and "food and medicine".

Notes on the Translation of Tea Classics (External Three Kinds) (Revised Edition)

[Tang] Lu Yu is waiting

Song Yiming’s translation

Annotations on Tea Classics (three kinds outside) includes four monographs on tea studies: Lu Yu’s Tea Classics in the Tang Dynasty, Cai Xiang’s Tea Records in the Song Dynasty, Huang Ru’s Tea Tasting Notes, and Xu Cishu’s Tea Shu in the Ming Dynasty. Among them, The Book of Tea is particularly famous. It is the earliest, most complete and comprehensive monograph on tea in China and even the world, and is known as the "encyclopedia of tea". The revised edition was launched in 2017, and many of them were supplemented and improved.

Related reading:

Notes on the New Instrument and Image Method

[Song] By Su Song

Translated Notes by Lu Jingyan and Qian Xueying

"The Essentials of New Instrument and Image" is Su Song’s explanation of the manufacture and use of instrument and image platform, which has a high position in the history of ancient science and technology in China. Although it has few words, it is a tour of the great achievements of Chinese literature the day before yesterday in the 11th century, an exhibition of the manufacturing technology of ancient astronomical instruments in China, and also reflects the brilliant achievements in many fields such as statics, dynamics, optics, mathematics, mechanical manufacturing and automatic control.

Interpretation of wine classics

[Song] By Zhu Jian

Translated Notes by Song Yiming and Li Yan

Interpretation of wine classics is the first monograph in China that comprehensively and systematically discusses the technology of koji-making and wine-making. A total of three volumes, the first volume discusses the development history of wine; In the middle volume, there are three categories and thirteen kinds of ingredients for each song; The next volume records the brewing process and the brewing technology of various wines. The book records the brewing methods of white sheep wine, yellow rice wine, chrysanthemum wine, tea wine and wine.

Related reading:

Annotations on the Collection of Wrongs

[Song] By Song Ci

Translated Notes by Gao Suijie and Zhu Linsen

The six-volume Collection of Injustice is the first classic of forensic medicine in ancient China that systematically summarizes the experience of corpse examination, and it is also the earliest and more complete monograph of forensic medicine in the world. Since the Southern Song Dynasty, this book has become the blueprint of official corpse examination in past dynasties, and it was once the criterion of criminal examination in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. This book has been translated into many foreign languages and occupies a very important position in the history of forensic medicine in the world.

Notes on the Summary of Agriculture and Mulberry

Editor-in-chief of Dasi Agriculture Department

Ma Zongshen’s translation

The Seven-volume Compendium of Agriculture and Mulberry is a comprehensive agricultural book compiled by the senior agricultural department in the early Yuan Dynasty. Most of the contents are quoted from Qi Min Yao Shu, Shi Nong Must Use, Wu Ben Xin Shu, Si Shi Bian Yao, Han Shi Zhi Shuo, etc. Although they are excerpts, they take their essence and abandon the exegesis of names and superstition. There are also some words written by editors, all of which are marked with "new additions". On the basis of inheriting the previous generation of agricultural books, this book has improved and developed the techniques of intensive cultivation, mulberry planting and sericulture in the northern region; It paid special attention to the cultivation techniques of cash crops such as cotton and ramie, and it was a practical agricultural book at that time.

Annotation of Wang’s Agricultural Books in Donglu

[Yuan] Written by Wang Zhen

Annotations of Miao Qiyu and Miao Guilong

This book is a master of agronomy in Yuan Dynasty in China. This book consists of three parts: "Nong Sang Tong Ji" is about the planting and storage of crops, the cultivation of fruit trees and the raising of livestock and poultry; Baigupu is an introduction to the cultivation of various specific crops such as whole grains. The use and production of traditional farm tools, water conservancy equipment, silk reeling and weaving equipment in China are introduced in detail in the Atlas of Agricultural Machinery.

Drinking food is about to be translated

[Yuan] By Hu Sihui

Translated Notes by Zhang Binglun and Fang Xiaoyang

Eating and drinking is the first monograph on nutrition in China. It was written by Hu Sihui, a imperial doctor who ate and drank in Yuan Dynasty. He is in charge of court diet and medicine tonic matters, and also knows Mongolian and Chinese medicine, and has accumulated rich knowledge of nutrition. He compiled this book by collecting various herbal medicines, famous doctors’ recipes, rare and unusual dishes used in court daily life, decoction and paste, and neutral taste tonic of cereals, fruits and vegetables.

Related reading:

Herbal translation of famine relief

[Ming] By Zhu Yun

Translated Notes by Wang Jinxiu and Tang Yancheng

Herbal Medicine for Disaster Relief, the earliest specialized book on agronomy and botany aiming at disaster relief in Chinese history. As a plant atlas in the early Ming Dynasty (early 15th century AD), it describes the plant morphology and records the edible plant resources in the Central Plains of China in the Ming Dynasty. The translator especially emphasizes that readers are advised not to try unfamiliar plants easily.

Tiangong Kaiwu

[Ming] By Song Yingxing

Pan Jixing’s translation

Selected as the "Reading Guidance Catalogue for Primary and Secondary School Students" by the Ministry of Education.

"Heavenly Creations" is one of the "four famous scientific and technological works" in China in the late Ming Dynasty, which occupies a very important position in the history of ancient science and technology in the world and has been translated into Japanese, English, German, French and other languages. It systematically and comprehensively describes the production technology and experience of 18 production departments of agriculture, industry and handicraft industry in China from 16th to 17th century. There are more than one hundred illustrations in the book.

Related reading:

Notes on the compilation of Kangxi’s leisure objects

[Qing] By Aisingiorro Xuanye

Li Di’s translation

This book is a note made by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, which mainly records Kangxi’s investigations and experiments on astronomy, geography, paleontology, animals, plants, medicine and other disciplines in his spare time, and there are many insights.

Mirror-mirror delusion

[Qing] By Zheng Fuguang

Annotation by Li Lei

Crazy in the Mirror, the earliest monograph on physics in China. Its content not only has the characteristics of traditional physics, but also has great originality. Zheng Fuguang, the author of this book, made the earliest astronomical telescope in China. Regarding the title of the book, the author Zheng Fuguang explained in the preface: "Take the object as the object, that is, the objective lens. It can be popularized by this book "The Theory of Far Mirror". Dare to call you xian, and tell me how stupid I am. " That is, "my humble opinion on the problem of looking at things in the mirror."

Original title: "It is recommended by a good book, and it is selected as an introductory reading for famous scientific and technological works."

Read the original text

The Arab Belt Band is expected to release new works after its reorganization.

The Arab Belt Band is expected to release new works after its reorganization.

According to foreign media reports, Arab Strap, a famous Scottish independent band, has been officially announced, and they are about to reorganize their performances.

In 1995, Arabian Belt was founded in Falcock by Aidan Moffat and Malcolm Middleton. Since the debut album "The Week Never Starts Round Here" in 1996, Arab Belt Band has released six studio albums, and the last one was "The Last Romance" in 2005. In September, 2006, Arabian Belt announced its dissolution, and in December of the same year, Arabian Belt held a farewell performance in Japan.

Earlier this week, the news about the reorganization of the Arabian Belt Band came out, and the news was officially confirmed by the Arabian Belt Band in the BBC program Steve Lamacq on Wednesday. In an interview with this program, the Arabian Belt Band said that they decided to reunite after ten years of dissolution, and they were still considering whether to record some new works.

Guitarist Middleton said, "It’s time to celebrate. It’s a chance for us to enjoy our music again." Another member Moffat went on to say, "We want to celebrate when we are relatively young, because standing on the stage like this won’t look awkward."

At the same time, Arabian Belt also released a new version of their first single "The First Big Weekend of 2016", and fans can hear this new version of the single on Spotify website.

In October this year, the Arabian Belt Band will perform in Glasgow, Manchester and London for three consecutive days from 13th to 15th local time. Tickets for the performance will be on sale from 9: 00 am local time on June 17th. (KFCMAN)

Hainan Weekly | Have you seen all these bananas?

Original title: Hainan Weekly | Have you seen these various bananas?

Wen Hainan Daily reporter Yan Lanqing

The four seasons rotate, and the summer comes to the cold. Plants have an innate sensitivity to light and heat. Located in tropical Hainan, with its special geographical location and unique "light, temperature and water" resources, various plant species have been bred, and bananas are one of the typical representatives. In early spring, we walked through the green fields of banana forests and got a close look at the "bananas" in Hainan Island.

"Take charge of Hua Dan" banana

Banana cultivation has a long history in China. The ancient plantain and banana described the same kind of plantain, and it was not until the Qing Dynasty that they were gradually called bananas, that is, we are familiar with edible bananas with economic value.

In the cultural tradition of China, the banana seems to be in a relatively marginal position, but perhaps because of its combination of beauty and delicacy, no matter how the times change, the banana with millions of fans can easily "go out of the circle".

In Song Dynasty, bud banana is one of the fruits that can be appreciated in summer. In Song Dynasty, Fan Chengda recorded in Gui Hai Yu Heng Zhi: "Bud bananas are as small as chicken bananas, especially fragrant, tender and sweet, and bear fruit in early autumn." Zhou Qufei, a geographer in the Southern Song Dynasty, also wrote: "Bud banana is as small as chicken banana, especially fragrant, tender and sweet, and it is precious to southerners, not comparable to other bananas, and it is only real in early autumn." "Sweet, tender and sweet" is the common memory of "Bud Banana" by Fan Chengda and Zhou Qufei.

In Su Dongpo’s pen, bud banana is also a delicious bear. Su Dongpo once wrote a book to a local governor in Guangxi: "Those who have never known it are fortunate to have tasted it all, and they are ashamed to thank you in a hurry." Between the lines, we can not only feel the great writer’s joy after tasting the perfect banana, but also feel his cherish for the giver’s kindness. In Zhang Qu, an important official in the Qing Dynasty, his love for banana shoots was even more straightforward. According to "A Record of Guangdong’s News", "Banana shoots are beautiful. Milk banana is the second. Drumsticks and bananas are the worst! "

Which variety of bananas has the largest number in Hainan? The answer is banana with fragrant buds, also known as "Chinese banana", which is the most common banana cultivation variety. At present, the proportion of banana in our province is 80%, and the characteristic banana is 20% (characteristic banana is mainly powder banana, tribute banana and plantain, etc.).

The bergamot banana in the "Window of the World Tropical Fruit" in Huzai Village, Dalu Town, qionghai city. Photo courtesy of respondents

In Haikou, Chengmai, Lingao and Danzhou, banana varieties with fragrant buds mainly include Brazil banana, Baodao banana, Nantianhuang and so on, while characteristic bananas are mainly imperial banana and powder banana. From May to August every year, thanks to the unique heat and light conditions in these areas, the land is flat and fertile, and the water source is abundant, the yield of "banana" here is relatively high.

Although the advantages of favorable weather and geographical location are exhausted, the competition among the major varieties of banana is still fierce. Xie Jianghui, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences and chief scientist of the national banana industrial technology system, said that in recent years, with the unremitting efforts of researchers, the banana’ Zhongre No.1′ of the Xiangya banana family officially "debuted" on June 18, 2021. At present, in Datian, Dongfang City, Hainan Province, the highest yield per mu of "Banana’ Zhongre No.1’" can reach 4,100 kg, and its resistance to banana Fusarium wilt is significantly higher than that of Brazilian banana, so it has the characteristics of high resistance to banana Fusarium wilt. At present, China has bred a number of main varieties and disease-resistant varieties, and established a germplasm repository. At present, there are more than 600 banana germplasm resources in China, ranking third in the world.

"Qianzi Sandy" Melaleuca banana

Have you ever seen a plant that can produce 1000 bananas at a time? In the "Window of Tropical Fruits in the World" in Huzai Village, Dalu Town, qionghai city, there is a plant named Melaleuca, which is also called Elephant trunk banana or Thousand Fingers banana. It is native to Southeast Asia, with a plant height of 3-4 meters, from young plants to adult plants. This plant is no different from ordinary banana trees. When it blooms and bears fruit, its scene is spectacular.

Thousand-layer banana unveiled at the 2021 China (Hainan) International Tropical Agricultural Products Winter Fair. Photo by Wei Maojin

People can see many spike-shaped flowers when Melaleuca banana blooms, and it is particularly interesting that when Melaleuca banana blooms, the inflorescence axis will always extend downward, and the pollinated flowers will gradually develop and bear fruit, so usually the upper part of the fruit is mature, and the inflorescence axis is still growing downward, almost close to the ground.

The fruits of Melaleuca banana grow densely and have a large number. Generally, a fruit cluster can reach more than 70 layers, with more than 10 fruits on each layer, and the total number can exceed 1000. On the whole, the fruit clusters are thick on the top and thin on the bottom, 2 to 3 meters long, and naturally fall from the forks. In particular, the fruits are closely arranged layer by layer, forming a series of rough strip-shaped spots. From a distance, it looks like an elephant’s nose hanging on a tree, while the fruit looks like a ring pattern on its trunk, so it has another name of "elephant trunk banana". In Malaysia and other countries, this plant is also known as the "banana king".

Can you eat thousand layers of banana? Zhao Dezhen, sales manager of Hainan Shengda Modern Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., told Hainan Daily reporter that in fact, the fruit of Melaleuca is edible after it matures and turns yellow. However, because its fruit is smaller than ordinary bananas, it has little pulp, and some of it tastes sour, and its edible value is not high. It is mainly used for ornamental purposes, and occasionally it can be seen that mature fruits are enjoyed by birds or squirrels.

Little prince banana, a "young boy"

In the "window of tropical fruits in the world", there is also a plant called "Little Prince Banana". This is a kind of plantain with a maximum height of 60 to 80 cm, which is native to the United States. Because of its small size, it is very suitable for indoor plants and tropical bonsai in gardens or containers. The ripe banana has attractive fruit and can be eaten.

According to the literature, "banana" as a garden ornamental plant was not later than the early Western Han Dynasty. The word "Ba Ju" recorded in Zi Xu Fu by Sima Xiangru, a writer of the Western Han Dynasty, is "Bajiao", which is the earliest record of "Bajiao" in ancient literature. After the Tang Dynasty, plantain became the most common ornamental plant in the garden, and there were a lot of poems chanting the beauty of color, shape and posture of plantain in past dynasties. In particular, the banana leaves are exquisite and clear, and the leaves are light green and lovely. They are planted in front of the garden window to provide shade and cool, and are deeply loved by poets. Li Shangyin has a saying that "the banana opens a green fan", and Yang Wanli once praised it again and again in his poems: "The green banana shakes its fan" and "countless green fans around it make it cool when the wind doesn’t come". Summer is scorching, and the heat is unbearable. Even if there is no wind, the broad leaves of banana give people a burst of coolness.

The times are developing, and the story about "banana" entering the court is also evolving. At present, it is becoming a new development trend to develop banana cultural tourism routes with banana standard demonstration parks and ornamental landscape parks as carriers, and to build an industrial integration model of "planting+logistics+Internet", "planting+processing+sales" and "planting+tourism", which integrates banana planting, processing, trade, tourism and culture. Guo Qingjun, president of Chengmai Banana Association, introduced that a project of "Chengmai Characteristic Banana Smart Industrial Park" covering an area of 700,000 mu was completed on October 19, 2021, and this heavyweight industry is ready to come out.

"Eat to eat" edible bananas

In the "window of tropical fruits in the world", a kind of "banana" looks like a rhinoceros horn, with a long and slender shape and a big head. A banana weighs 2 to 3 kilograms. This kind of "banana" has a domineering name-rhinoceros horn banana, which is a staple food. Because of its high starch content, it is particularly anti-hungry, so it is also used as a staple food in many places in Africa.

Recently, machines roared in the Hainan Characteristic Tropical Fruit Industrial Park in dongshan town, Haikou City. Liang Chengdong, the head of Hainan Characteristic Tropical Fruit Industrial Park Base, told Hainan Daily that workers were cleaning up the staple bananas before they entered the park. In the future, the staple bananas will become one of the new exotic tropical fruit industries in the park. Liang Chengdong said that in the past, in the eyes of most people, bananas were a kind of fruit, but in some countries, bananas were still the staple food for three meals a day, and there were many cooking methods such as steaming, frying, roasting and boiling, which were not only delicious, but also nutritious.

Banana has changed from fruit to staple food, and the change of its function just reflects that people’s understanding of bananas is also advancing with the times. The record of "banana" in Huang Hua Ji Wen in the early Qing Dynasty is the beginning of people’s understanding and attention to banana edible. In fact, the excavation and utilization of ancient Lingnan plantain by people in past dynasties is very rich. Compendium of Materia Medica records that the medicinal value of banana is quite high, and its roots, leaves, fruits and banana juice have different medicinal values. As for the edible aspect of banana, Qunfangpu recorded its root’s "all-meat flavor". "Gui Hai Yu Heng Zhi" records that banana pulp can be used to feed children.

Moreover, in ancient times, banana cloth made of banana fiber was widely used in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian, and was used as a tribute. But in modern times, with the development of cotton and linen fabrics and the impact of foreign fabrics, banana fabrics almost disappeared in the market.

It is worth mentioning that in history, the ancients used banana leaves to write or practice calligraphy. However, because banana leaves are not well preserved, they will become dry and brittle after being left for a long time. So far, no remains of words on banana leaves have been found. However, in ancient literature, it was found that banana leaves were used instead of paper to write. For example, Tao Gu wrote Qing Yi Lu in the Northern Song Dynasty: "Huai Su lives in the eastern suburb of Lingling Temple. Treat banana. With tens of thousands. Take leaves instead of paper and write. No. It is called’ Green Temple’ and’ Planting Paper’. After that, Daozhou secretariat made a posthumous pursuit of Green Tianming. " From this point of view, the functions of ancient Lingnan banana are not only medicinal, edible, textile, fertilizer, but also writing paper. (Yan Lanqing)

Peugeot 5008 Configuration Interpretation Configuration 1.8T+ Automatic Manual Integration (AT)

The new car adopts the latest design concept of Peugeot family, the overall shape is very different from previous products, and the face value is obviously improved and looks very beautiful. In terms of body modeling, the Peugeot family-style overall appearance is adopted, and the dot matrix mesh is very standard in the whole system, with sharp eyes on both sides, and the internal light groups are patchy, and they are bright when lit. Judging from the side lines, the new car is still a sleek and streamlined body, and the tradition of wide C-pillar has been continued. The shape of the big wheel hub is very stable and the visual effect is acceptable. In the tail modeling part, Peugeot 5008 adopts many popular design elements, and the taillights also have a certain sense of advanced.

Peugeot 5008 puts the details into practice and extends high quality from the appearance to the interior of the car. The steering wheel is made of plastic and feels good. It is also equipped with shift paddles, which is very fun to drive. In the central control area, there are door handles, etc., which are covered and wrapped with a lot of plastic and leather materials. They are double-layered and equipped with an 8.0-inch central control LCD screen, which is clear and relatively young in design. The front row is also equipped with a manual air conditioning control system to freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. The seat is spacious, and the seating space is acceptable, which meets the daily household needs.

The length, width and height are 4670×1855×1655mm respectively, and the wheelbase has reached 2840 mm. In the same class, the wheelbase of Peugeot 5008 ranks 20th. The interior space of the car is relatively spacious at the same level, the height and width of the car are ideal, and the legroom in the back row will not feel cramped, which belongs to the upper-middle level at the same level. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Peugeot 5008 ranks 70th. It can basically meet the luggage space for family travel. But there is no extra hidden storage space.

Peugeot 5008 is modified to 400THP flagship glory edition, with 7 seats using 1.8 engines, with a maximum horsepower of 211 and a peak torque of 300, matching the automatic manual transmission (AT). 1.8 The engine with Peugeot 5008 is quite satisfactory in power performance, weak in low torque and can feel hysteresis. Ranked 28th among 120,000-180,000 SUV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Peugeot 5008 is complete, includingAutomatic parkingZero tire pressure endurance tireAutomatic parkingSteep slope descenthill start assist controlknee airbagHUD head-up displayAnti-lock braking (ABS)Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)Active noise reductionEngine start and stopSide safety air curtainWireless charging of mobile phonenight vision systemLED daytime running lightsForward reversing radarTire pressure monitoringSteering wheel heatingBody stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)Rear reversing radarFatigue reminderRemote parkingChild seat interfaceLane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In addition to the above description, we can also go to the Easy Car Forum to browse more real car feedback from actual buyers, or use our experience.

Lebanese Prime Minister calls on Arab countries to put pressure on Israel to stop provoking Lebanon.

  Xinhua News Agency, Beirut, November 12 (Reporter Xie Hao) Lebanese Prime Minister Mikati on the 12th called on Arab countries to put pressure on Israel to stop its provocative behavior in southern Lebanon.

  In an interview with Al Jazeera, Mikati said that Lebanon has always sought stability and will not take any measures to provoke more wars in the region. Arab countries, especially those with relations with Israel, should exert pressure to force Israel to stop its provocative behavior in southern Lebanon.

  Mikati said that it is important for Lebanon to stay away from the war, and Lebanon has made a three-month emergency plan to prevent the war from happening. He said that he was "reassured by the rationality of Hezbollah in Lebanon".

  According to the Lebanese National News Agency, Tenenti, spokesman of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), said on the 12th that shortly after midnight on the 11th, peacekeepers in UNIFIL positions near Gaozai reported hearing gunshots. A peacekeeper was shot and operated on. He is in stable condition and recovering.

  Tenenti said that any attack on UNIFIL’s position and any use of its position to launch an attack across the "Blue Line" on the Lebanese-Israeli border are unacceptable for whatever reason. UNIFIL continues to urge all parties concerned to cease fire and ensure the safety of peacekeepers and all civilians living near the Blue Line.

  Since the outbreak of a new round of Palestinian-Israeli conflict on October 7th, Hezbollah has supported Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas), and its military organization has fired rockets and shells at Israeli positions, while the Israeli army has also conducted air strikes and shelling. The leader of Hezbollah in Lebanon, Nasrallah, said on November 3 that the confrontation between Lebanon’s southern border and Israel may further escalate, depending on Israel’s behavior, and Hezbollah is ready for everything possible.

Detailed explanation of the top ten hot spots in Beijing’s new garbage classification regulations from May 1, 2020.

  Original title: Detailed explanation of the ten hot spots of the newly revised Beijing Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations, which will be implemented on May 1 next year.

  In another five months, the revised Beijing Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) will be officially implemented. Carrying out domestic waste classification in an all-round way is not only a tough battle, but also a protracted war, which requires the participation of the whole society and forms a strong joint force. At present, the whole city is actively carrying out the publicity of the "Regulations" and related supporting preparations.

  Hao Zhilan, director of the Urban Construction Environmental Protection Office of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress, and Ma Jianji, deputy director of the Solid Waste Department of the Municipal Urban Management Committee, made a detailed interpretation of the ten hot issues of social concern in view of the social concerns such as "teaching and punishment at the same time", the new version of "plastic limit order", disposable articles and mixed transportation of garbage.

  Hot spot ① classification obligation

  Personal violation of regulations, more education, careful punishment

  In fact, as early as 2011, the city formulated the domestic waste management regulations, but there were some unsuitable situations in the implementation process. Hao Zhilan explained that, for example, there is a lack of mandatory restrictions on the reduction of garbage sources and personal participation in garbage classification, and the punishment for illegal activities of mixed loading and transportation is not enough. The public awareness rate and participation in classification are not high, so it is urgent to amend it.

  What are the characteristics and highlights of the revision of the Regulations? Hao Zhilan said that in improving the reduction measures, the party and government organs and institutions have been asked to take the lead in carrying out waste reduction and waste classification. In terms of strengthening classified delivery, the classification of personal domestic waste has been raised from advocacy to compulsory terms. However, the "Regulations" also specifically stipulate that individuals who violate the rules should publicize and educate more, and use punishment and credit punishment with caution. In strengthening social co-governance, it is stipulated that the management of domestic waste should adhere to the leadership of party committees, government-led, social coordination, public participation, legal protection and scientific and technological support, and it is clear that street offices and township governments should incorporate domestic waste management into grassroots social governance.

  How should individual residents classify garbage? Hao Zhilan said that many provisions in the Regulations pay attention to "adapting to local conditions". For example, there is no unified mandatory provision for the city to put garbage at a fixed time and place. District governments can carry out garbage sorting by setting up fixed bucket stations and collecting and transporting garbage at a fixed time and place. In addition, there is no mandatory requirement that the garbage must be "broken" when it is placed.

  Hotspot ② Express packaging

  Reusable environmental protection packaging replaces disposable packaging.

  Every year in "double 11", while the express delivery bursts, countless express packaging bags, boxes and boxes are used only once and then discarded as garbage. Massive express garbage consumes a lot of resources.

  To this end, the revised "Regulations" stipulates that express delivery should use electronic waybills and degradable and reusable environmental protection packaging materials to reduce the excessive use of packaging materials and the generation of packaging waste. This Municipality encourages express delivery to take measures to recycle express packaging materials.

  Ma Jianji pointed out that the postal administration has issued specific standards for green packaging materials, and in the future, green packaging will gradually replace the existing disposable packaging. The courier delivers the courier, and after the user removes the package, the courier package can be recycled on the spot.

  Hot spot ③ Disposable articles

  A detailed catalogue of disposable items will be drawn up.

  The revised Regulations stipulate that catering operators, catering distribution service providers and hotel business units shall not take the initiative to provide disposable chopsticks, forks, spoons, toiletries, etc. to consumers, and shall set up eye-catching signs. In case of violation, the comprehensive law enforcement department of urban management will order it to correct immediately and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan and less than 10,000 yuan; Violation of the provisions again, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 50 thousand yuan.

  Ma Jianwei said that during the revision of the Regulations, opinions were sought from catering associations, catering enterprises, take-away enterprises and hotel business units. Some take-away companies have suggested that it is difficult to deliver meals to customers if disposable packaged lunch boxes cannot be used. Therefore, in the revised "Regulations", it is only proposed that disposable chopsticks, forks and spoons should not be provided voluntarily, but there is no restriction on disposable lunch boxes.

  Before May 2020, the Municipal Urban Management Committee will work with the market supervision department, the business department and the cultural tourism department to formulate a detailed catalogue of disposable items and introduce relevant supporting work plans.

  The so-called "unsolicited" provision does not mean that it is not provided at all. Ma Jianji said, for example, restaurants and takeaways should add the option of "Do you need disposable tableware" when customers order, so that customers can choose before ordering. Hotels are not allowed to put disposable toiletries in their rooms, but guests can ask for them from the front desk of restaurants and hotels if necessary. No matter whether it is a restaurant or a hotel, signs and tips that do not actively provide disposable items should be posted in an eye-catching position.

  In the process of revising the Regulations, it was put forward that "disposable articles should not be provided free of charge", but should be priced and charged separately. In this regard, Ma Jianwei said that in the final "Regulations", "separate pricing charges" have been deleted. Whether to charge, restaurants, takeaways and hotels can decide for themselves according to their actual situation.

  Hot spot ④ Mixed loading and transportation

  The fine for "mixed loading and mixed transportation" was raised to a maximum of 100,000 yuan.

  How to put an end to "mixed loading and mixed transportation"? In the process of revising the Regulations, the mechanism of "no classification, no collection and transportation" of garbage was put forward. Ma Jianwei said that in the "Regulations" passed by the final vote, although it was clearly stipulated that garbage should not be mixed and transported, the statement of "no classification, no collection and transportation" was deleted, and it became "requiring it to correct", and those who refused to correct it were reported to the urban management law enforcement department.

  Ma Jianwei explained that although there is no provision for the rejection of mixed loading and transportation, the revised Regulations specifically increase the penalty amount for mixed loading and transportation of garbage from "a fine of more than 5,000 yuan to less than 50,000 yuan" to "a fine of more than 20,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan".

  In the process of garbage collection and transportation, no matter the removal personnel of the sanitation group, the staff of the garbage building or the citizens, they can report to the urban management law enforcement department as long as they find the phenomenon of mixed loading and transportation in the process of garbage collection and transportation.

  Moreover, the method of classified collection in this city is also the first to promote the way of "bucket for bucket" or "bucket for bucket docking". "In the future, not only kitchen waste, but also other garbage should be" bucket for bucket ",that is, empty buckets should be used to directly replace the garbage bins that have been thrown full, thus eliminating the step of dumping, which can prevent mixed loading and transportation and avoid secondary pollution." Ma Jianwei said.

  Hot spot ⑤ Ultra-thin plastic bag

  Plastic bags with a thickness less than 0.025mm are prohibited.

  The revised "Regulations" clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to produce and sell ultra-thin plastic bags in this city. Superthin plastic bags shall not be used in supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places, and plastic bags shall not be provided free of charge. Superthin plastic bags are used in supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places, and the market supervision and management department shall order them to make immediate corrections and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan and less than 10,000 yuan; Violation of the provisions again, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 50 thousand yuan.

  In this regard, Ma Jianji explained that the ultra-thin plastic bags mentioned in the Regulations refer to plastic bags with a single layer thickness of less than 0.025 mm. At present, the charged plastic shopping bags used in many shopping malls and supermarkets, as well as the rolled fresh-keeping bags provided by the vegetable and fruit area, are actually in compliance. After the formal implementation of the Regulations, the market supervision department will be mainly responsible for the supervision of ultra-thin plastic bags, and the inspection will be intensified. Those who violate the regulations will be punished. Encourage citizens to bring reusable products such as environmentally-friendly shopping paper bags and cloth bags when they go shopping.

  Hot spot ⑥ both teaching and punishment

  Being a garbage sorting instructor may be punishable.

  How to punish the garbage for not sorting it properly? According to the new regulations, individuals who fail to classify garbage according to the regulations and refuse to change after repeated instruction will be fined from 50 yuan to 200 yuan. However, those who voluntarily participate in community service activities such as domestic waste sorting may not be punished.

  What kind of community service activities can be exempted from punishment? Is there any limit to the duration of participation? In this regard, Ma Jianwei explained that how to identify the punishment and the specific process of community service activities, the next step is to communicate and study with the urban management law enforcement department to further formulate specific implementation rules and related law enforcement guarantee programs. For example, if the law enforcement department makes a decision on punishment, the punished individual can first "report" to the street with a penalty notice, and the street will designate a certain community to let the punished person be a garbage sorting instructor for one day. After the service, go back to the street to "punch in and write off the account", so as to eliminate this punishment.

  Hot spot ⑦ trash can

  Garbage classification and identification should be unified to the new national standard.

  The revised "Regulations" clearly stipulates that in the future, the setting of garbage bins should be divided into three types: office or production and business premises, residential quarters, natural villages and other public places. Among them, residential quarters and natural villages should set up kitchen waste and other garbage collection containers in groups, and at least one garbage trading point should set up recyclable and harmful waste collection containers; Party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and other units of the office or production and business premises should be set up according to the needs of four types of collection containers; Other public places can set up two kinds of collection containers for recyclables and other garbage as needed.

  Ma Jianwei said that in the future, there will be no uniform requirements for the materials and capacity of garbage bins in various regions of Beijing, but next, the labels of newly configured garbage collection containers in various regions should be printed in accordance with the new national standard, and the garbage collection containers currently in use will continue to be used after the old labels are pasted and covered with new logo patterns, and will be updated after the service period to avoid waste. It is estimated that labeling coverage will be completed one after another before May 1, 2020.

  According to the garbage sorting and collection containers in residential quarters, it is required that kitchen waste bins and other garbage bins must be set in groups, but the quantity can be adjusted according to the number of floors, population and garbage output in each quarter. Ma Jianji said that kitchen waste bins and other garbage bins must be matched no matter how they are deployed, and there should be at least one collection point for recyclable materials and harmful waste, which can be in the form of garbage bins or centralized temporary collection points.

  In the future, garbage bins along the street should be set as recyclable and other garbage. In order to meet the needs of pedestrians to put kitchen waste such as peels, kitchen waste bins can be added in areas with a large amount of kitchen waste, such as the surrounding of large-scale activities and the roadside of large catering and commercial places such as Guijie Street.

  Hot spot 8 management responsible person

  Property is the person responsible for the classification of domestic waste in the community.

  In the revised "Regulations", the concept of "person in charge of domestic waste classification management" is put forward, and at the same time, it is also proposed to "set up domestic waste reduction classification instructors in residential areas". What is the difference between the person in charge of management and the familiar classified instructor?

  Ma Jianwei said that "the person in charge of domestic waste classification management" is actually not the concept of a single individual, but the main body responsible for waste classification. For example, for residential quarters, hutongs, streets and lanes, the person responsible for the classified management of domestic waste may be the property; For the party and government organs and institutions, the person responsible for the classified management of domestic waste is the unit; For urban roads, highways, pedestrian bridges and pedestrian underpasses, the person in charge of domestic waste classification management is the unit responsible for cleaning.

  The instructors of domestic waste reduction classification are mainly volunteers recruited by districts or streets, who are usually responsible for publicizing the knowledge of domestic waste classification and guiding residents to correctly carry out domestic waste classification. For example, some volunteers who are enthusiastic about public welfare and environmental protection, or directors of buildings, can join the team of domestic waste reduction and classification instructors. The government will provide some service incentives and subsidies for the instructors of domestic waste reduction classification.

  Hot spot pet-name ruby garbage processor

  Conditional residential families can be installed on a pilot basis.

  The revised "Regulations" stipulate that qualified kitchen waste processors can be installed in residential areas and families. In this regard, Ma Jianji said that at present, kitchen waste processors have been installed in some communities in this city. However, the installation of this large machine requires initial investment and later operation and maintenance costs, especially limited by the installation site, and can only be gradually promoted and installed in conditional communities. There are also some families who have installed a kitchen waste pulverizer under the kitchen sink to directly discharge the pulverized kitchen waste into the sewer. In the future, we can communicate with the housing and urban-rural construction department and consider whether the kitchen waste crushing processor can be used as one of the auxiliary configurations of the building, so that some conditional communities can install it on a pilot basis.

  Hot spot attending supporting measures

  The "one big and four small" supporting measures were introduced in November.

  What measures will the city take to ensure that the "Regulations" land as soon as possible?

  According to reports, before the end of 2019, the "one big and four small" supporting measures will be introduced one after another following the "Regulations". Among them, "one big" means that an action plan for Beijing’s domestic waste classification will be formulated around the revision of the Regulations; "Four Smalls" refers to the simultaneous compilation of four interim measures, namely, the measures for the implementation of garbage classification in social units of Beijing Party and government organs, the measures for the implementation of garbage classification in residential areas in Beijing, the measures for the implementation of garbage collection and transportation in Beijing, and the measures for the implementation of domestic waste reduction in Beijing.

  In the next step, the city will publicize the knowledge of garbage classification to residents and units face to face, and will also assess the household rate. At the same time, a guide manual for garbage classification for residents and social units will be formulated. By the end of 2020, the popularization rate of garbage classification knowledge in schools should reach 100%, and the awareness rate, participation rate and correct delivery rate of citizens’ garbage classification should be continuously improved.

  Grass-roots party organizations should widely mobilize residents, enterprises, institutions and social organizations within their jurisdiction to participate in garbage sorting, and party member cadres should take the lead in garbage sorting. The supporting documents of laws and regulations, such as the plan for controlling the total amount of domestic garbage at the source, the measures for listing clean vegetables, the management norms for recycling renewable resources, and the setting norms for classified collection containers, shall be promulgated within one year from the implementation of the laws and regulations. The Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress will also carry out special supervision in 2020, and use the contact mechanism of people’s congresses at the city, district and township levels to extensively mobilize representatives and the masses to participate, carry out supervision and inspection with global coverage, promote the implementation of laws and regulations, and make waste sorting a new trend of extensive social participation.

Want to crack China’s Beidou navigation? Chinese Academy of Sciences scientist: There is only one way

  CCTV News:Nowadays, positioning and navigation is a must-have for home travel for many people. But when it comes to positioning and navigation, everyone still thinks of GPS first. GPS in the United States has almost a monopoly position due to its seniority and fame, and has even become synonymous with navigation and positioning. But now, this "big net" that has monopolized for decades is finally about to be broken by China! That is the Beidou navigation system independently developed by our country.

  At the 8th China Satellite Navigation Academic Conference that just ended last week, our country’s Beidou navigation system once again became the focus of attention. It was revealed that 15 Beidou satellites are currently in stable operation in orbit and have completed service coverage in the Asia-Pacific region. Five new-generation Beidou satellites have completed in-orbit commissioning and are about to be connected to the network. This means that starting from the second half of this year, our country’s Beidou satellites will officially start global networking, pulling off the curtain of the Beidou system for global services. It is expected that by 2020, global service capabilities will eventually be formed.

   So, can China’s "Beidou" smoothly enter the market of European and American countries in the future? Where will "Beidou" rank in the global satellite navigation system? Xu Ying, born in 1983, a navigation system scientist, has been engaged in Beidou-related research for more than ten years, and is the youngest researcher and doctoral supervisor since the establishment of the Institute of Optoelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Under Xu Ying’s telling, the story of the Beidou system becomes easy to understand, and you will refresh your understanding of this "important weapon of the country"??

  What is "Big Dipper"?

  The satellite navigation system is a group of stars 20,000 kilometers away from us, providing us with location-based services. The satellite navigation system is referred to as the GNSS system, and there are a total of 4 VIP members in the GNSS club. In addition to the well-known US GPS system, including Russia’s GLONASS system, the European Union’s Galileo system, and our country’s independently built Beidou satellite navigation and positioning system.

  The Beidou satellite navigation and positioning system is a satellite navigation and positioning system independently built by our country. It is currently in the stage of construction and application promotion. It consists of five geostationary orbit satellites and 30 non-geostationary orbit satellites. The Beidou satellite navigation system is expected to provide a global service around 2020.

  In the GNSS club, the members are most concerned about the issue of frequency resources. All frequency resources must be applied to the ITU, which will be divided by the ITU. In the initial stage of the construction of the satellite navigation system, the frequency resources were relatively abundant, and the relatively early GPS system and GLONASS system did not have the problem of frequency resource conflict. When the Beidou system and the Galileo system were established, the frequency competition was very obvious. At that time, the Galileo system actually applied for this frequency resource in advance, but due to the economic crisis in Europe, the Galileo system funding chain was broken. Although they launched satellites and occupied orbital positions at that time, they did not transmit this frequency signal. According to the "first come, first served" regulations of the ITU, whichever country can launch this satellite first, and the satellite transmits the signal of this frequency down, the frequency resource will be yours in the future.

  Because April 17, 2007 is the deadline for the frequency resources declared by Beidou, it is required that the Beidou test satellite must be launched in advance, which is very rare in our country’s aerospace history. Because advance will bring a series of problems. But after the cooperation of various departments, in order to compete for this frequency, our country successfully launched the Beidou test satellite on April 14, and the satellite changed its orbit on April 15. On April 16, the satellite began to send down signals. Within 24 hours before the frequency resources applied for by Beidou expired on April 17, China officially launched the frequency resources declared by Beidou, which also opened the curtain on the construction of the Beidou global system.

  There is a famous saying in the industry: "The application of satellite navigation and positioning systems is only limited by imagination." It is no exaggeration to say that, as a typical national heavy weapon, it is like our water, electricity, and highways, and is the guarantee of our social construction foundation.

  The Beidou system not only provides basic functions such as location, navigation and timing, but also provides communication functions. For example, one day a person drifts to an isolated island. If he chooses GPS, he can only know his location and cannot notify others to come to the rescue, so he can only survive on the deserted island. If he uses the Beidou system, the situation is completely different. He can not only know his location, but also send his location to people tens of kilometers away, hundreds of kilometers away, or even thousands of miles away, so that you can soon say goodbye to your GPS-wielding buddy on the rescue boat~

  The Beidou system is very easy to use, why do people seem to rarely use Beidou in life now, it seems that there is a little more GPS. The GPS satellite navigation and positioning system was built about 20 years earlier than the Beidou system, and the 20-year historical gap cannot be filled overnight by our technology. The application and promotion of the GPS system has been very mature. For example, the cheapest GPS chip may be about two dollars, while the chip price of the Beidou system may still be generally around 100 yuan due to mass production and other reasons. "Unaffordable" restricts the development of Beidou, but unaffordable is not the main factor restricting the development of Beidou.

  Around 2011, there was a piece of news that spread all over the Internet. At that time, the headlines used by the media were "Tsinghua girls cracked Beidou and sent it to the United States", or "Beidou’s tens of billions of investments were wasted" and so on, which was more sensational. So is Beidou really so vulnerable? Of course not. In fact, the real unreliable is the GPS system. Because the GPS system is only open to us, and the GPS signal is easy to change during the war. The United States once turned off the GPS signal to the European Union during the Gulf War. The European Union was also very dissatisfied, so in order to protect autonomy, the European Union began to build the Galileo system. For us, too, in order to ensure reliability, our country began to build its own Beidou system.

  Back to the news of Tsinghua girl cracking Beidou, in fact, she just deciphered the pseudo-code sequence of Beidou’s civil code signal. First of all, during the construction of Beidou, for the sake of compatibility and interoperability, Beidou’s civil code design is in the same vein as GPS and Galileo, and there is no special design. Our country hopes that people all over the world can use Beidou, not only China’s Beidou, but also the world’s Beidou. She wants to crack this unencrypted civil code signal, which is actually not technically difficult. From the perspective of scientific research, it is a problem of signal detection and estimation. In fact, in 2012, our country has announced the ICD file of Beidou, telling everyone our civil code format, hoping that receiver manufacturers around the world can use this ICD file to produce corresponding Beidou receivers.

  In addition to the civilian code, Beidou also has a military code. The military code has been specially designed such as encryption, which is stable and reliable. If you want to crack the military code system, we may suggest some simpler ways. That is to build a time-travel machine and eavesdrop on the side when you go back to the Beidou military code design. This technical difficulty is easier than technically cracking the Beidou military code. Therefore, everyone must believe that our Beidou system is very easy to use and very stable.

  At the end of the speech, Xu Ying called on everyone to support the Beidou system more, and she and all the researchers dedicated to Beidou satellite navigation will also make unremitting efforts to let the Beidou giant ship continue to ride the wind and waves to the world.

  Source: CCTV News, China Broadcasting Network, China Popular Science Expo

Nicholas Tse pursued his dream for 15 years, creating the "next miracle" with his life


Liang Kane and Nicholas Tse

    Nicholas Tse, who had just emerged from the gloom of his marriage, attended the grand screening ceremony of "The Next Miracle", China’s first inspirational film for the soul. He attracted much attention with his sharp silver-gray suit and improvised a passionate speech in both Chinese and English at the ceremony to commemorate the 15th anniversary of his debut and cheer for everyone.

    The film "The Next Miracle" is based on the true story of "Asian Super Speaker" Liang Kane. At the scene, Liang Kane shared his experience with everyone – he once suffered from severe depression, did not graduate after nine years of high school, attempted suicide twice, and was chased seven times a night as a small vendor. He didn’t know what to do until he met a woman who encouraged him and gave him daily career support to pull him out of his predicament. "Only when I have incredible goals can I have incredible power."

    This time, Nicholas Tse was the guest of honor for starring in the male lead of the TV series version of "The Next Miracle". He was inspired by the prototype of the character: "Teacher Liang Kane is very powerful, he can influence so many people through his own efforts and appeal. This is a skill and art, and I also want to learn it." The Next Miracle "is a very motivational and good subject. The courage and stability he exudes as a speaker, the confidence he has in all his eyes, and even every word he says is from the heart." Perhaps he was infected by Liang Cain’s power. Nicholas Tse, who had always been a "calm faction", was in high spirits on the stage and passionately shared his life purpose with everyone in Chinese and English: "If you want to get something you have never gotten, you have to put in the effort you have never put in!"

    At the ceremony, there was also a special stunt video made by Nicholas Tse to celebrate Lucas’ first birthday, in which he went through various dangerous scenes when filming at the age of 20. Nicholas Tse said with emotion: "I want my son to know that his father did not come from a blank piece of paper and met luck like this. He has to work hard and even his life to get a little bit of today’s achievements. I hope he will grow up and be sensible in the future. He can see his own thoughts in it." The huge sense of mission and ambition made Nicholas Tse boldly say at the scene: to make his film production company on par with Hollywood level, I hope that in the future, all our Chinese films will be produced in China in the early, middle and late stages.